
Class L 

Book 

Copyright N°_ 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



TH€ STO%r OF THE 

9 1st 

DIVISION 




General John J. Pershing leaving P. C. dugout with Major General 
Johnston after a conference, day before the Argonne offensive. 



TH£ STOItJ OF THE 



9 



DIVISION 




San Francisco 

9 1 st DIVISION PUBLICATION COMMITTEE 
SAN MATEO, CALIF. 

I919 



no 


"5 




Si 



COPYRIGHT, I9I9 
9IST DIVISION PUBLICATION COMMITTEE 



JAN 20 1920 



PRESS OF THE 

H. S. CROCKER CO., Inc. 
SAN FRANCISCO 

©CI.A570208 



TO 

THOSE WHO MADE 

THE SUPREME SACRIFICE 

THAT OTHERS MIGHT LIVE 

AND ENJOY 

THE BLESSINGS OF LIBERTY 

THIS VOLUME IS 

REVERENTLY DEDICATED 

BY 

THE OFFICERS AND MEN 

OF THE 

91st DIVISION 



FO^E WO'^Tf 



rHE gist Division has been singularly fortunate. It 
was among the first to be formed in America; it was 
sent to France in time to be one of the units composing 
the First American Army, and, as such, was held in reserve 
at Saint-Mihiel and took part in the battle of the Meuse- 
Argonne. 

While with the Group of Armies in Flanders it partici- 
pated in the Tpres-Lys offensive; the armistice found the 
Division still in the front line approaching Brussels. 

'There were many fine divisions which never had the oppor- 
tunity of getting into action. It is the realization of this that 
makes us appreciate the good fortune that was ours. 

We hope that we can justly feel that we gave all and the 
best that was in us, while we appreciate that troops which 
served in the Service of Supply contributed as much to the 
success of the American Expeditionary Forces as did the 
troops in the Zone of the Advance. 



CONTENTS 

CHAPTER I 

TRAINING PERIOD 



Page 



Organisation — Departure from Camp Lewis — Arrival 
Overseas — Training at Montigny-le-Roi — Reserve Divi- 
sion in the Reduction of the St.-Mihiel Salient .... 1 

CHAPTER II 

THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

Moving Towards Battle Area — Former Actions in the 
Meuse-Argonne Offensive — The Terrain — Hostile Units 
Facing the pist Division — Preparation for Attack . . 10 

CHAPTER III 

THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE — (CONTINUED) 

Detailed Account of Each Day's Fighting, September 26 
to October 4, 1918 — In the Fifth Corps Reserve ... 22 

CHAPTER IV 

THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE — (CONTINUED) 

Second Participation of the 181st Brigade — Assign- 
ment to First Division — Heavy Casualties Suffered — 
Commendation by Commanding General, First Division — 
Hostile Units — Materiel Captured 43 

VII 



THE 91st DIVISION 
CHAPTER V 

IN BELGIUM 

Replacements Received — In Flanders — Welcomed by 
King Albert — Dispositions for Attack — Terrain East of 
Lys 52 

CHAPTER VI 

YPRES-LYS OFFENSIVE 

Accounts of the Four Days' Fighting, October 31 to 
November 3, 1918 — Second Participation Ypres-Lys, No- 
vember 9-1 1 — Casualties — Prisoners and Materiel Cap- 
tured — Hostile Units — Commendations 61 

CHAPTER VII 

EVENTS FOLLOWING ARMISTICE 

March Towards Rhine — Return to Dunkerque — In 
France Again — Commendation by Commander-in-Chief 
— Division Name and Emblem — Demobilization ... 76 

ADDENDA 

I. COMPARISON OF 91sT DIVISION, ETC 89 

II. AMERICAN DECORATIONS 92 

III. BELGIAN DECORATIONS 97 

IV. FRENCH DECORATIONS 102 

V. OFFICERS WHO HAVE SERVED WITH THE 91sT DIVISION 113 

VI. THOSE WHO HAVE FALLEN 139 



VIII 



THSSl'O'Kr OF TH€ 
9IST 

DIVISION 

CHAPTER I 

ORGANIZATION DEPARTURE FROM CAMP LEWIS ARRIVAL OVERSEAS TRAINING 

AT MONTIGNY-LE-ROI RESERVE DIVISION IN REDUCTION OF ST.-MIHIEL SALIENT 

IN eight great Western States, the young men of military 
age chosen to represent their respective communities in the 
first five per cent of the selective draft entrained on Sep- 
tember 5, 1917, for Camp Lewis, Washington. They constituted 
the nucleus of the 91st Division of the National Army. 

Before noon of that memorable September day, contingents 
of embryo soldiers had reported at Camp Lewis from points in 
Oregon and Washington. Awaiting their coming were officers 
of the Regular Army and Reserve Corps, the latter fresh from 
the training camps. 

To Major General H. A. Greene was delegated the task of 
forming the 91st Division. He had at his disposal the best of 
the young manhood of the West. Officers and men set them- 
selves to the task ahead of them with unbounded enthusiasm. 
Almost from the outset, Jhe 91st was popularly and affection- 
ately referred to as the "Wild West Division." 

As Chief of Staff, General Greene had Lieut. Colonel, now 
Colonel, H. J. Brees. Major F. W. Manley was Division Ad- 
jutant. Major F. W. Clark held the position of Assistant Chief 
of Staff. With these officers comprising his immediate official 
family, General Greene took up the work of organizing an 
infantry division. 

Regimental, battalion and company commanders were 
selected, a division headquarters staff, officers and enlisted per- 
sonnel organized, skeleton companies were formed, and, with 
the selective draft men drilling in the civilian clothes in which 

[i] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

they had come garbed from office and field, farm and city- 
streets, the 91st entered into its formative period. 

Four infantry regiments were to be made; three regiments 
of field artillery whipped into shape; trains for a division 
organized; two companies of military police trained; three 
machine gun battalions formed; an engineer regiment and a 
signal corps battalion made into efficient bodies ; medical depart- 
ment and ambulance units established, and a hundred and one 
other preparatory steps taken, with the end in view of making 
from the material provided by the selective service laws a divi- 
sion destined to engage in battle with honor to itself and the 
States from which it drew its men. 

The two infantry brigades of the Division were designated 
the 181st and the 182nd. Brigadier General Henry B. Styer 
commanded the 181st, comprising the 361st and 362nd Infantry 
Regiments and 347th Machine Gun Battalion; Brigadier Gen- 
eral Frederick S. Foltz commanded the 182nd Brigade, com- 
prising the 363rd and 364th Infantry Regiments and 348th 
Machine Gun Battalion. Colonel Henry C. Jewett organized 
an engineer regiment to be known as the 316th Engineers. 
Colonel M. E. Saville was given command of the 316th Trains 
and Military Police. As Division Surgeon, Colonel Peter C. 
Field directed the formation of the Division sanitary units. 

The three artillery regiments were the 346th, 347th and 
348th, and, with the 316th Trench Mortar Battery, constituted 
the 166th Field Artillery Brigade, under Brigadier General 
Edward Burr. The machine gun battalions were numbered the 
346th, 347th and 348th, and were commanded respectively by 
Major, now Colonel, Francis C. Endicott, 1st Infantry; Major, 
now Lieut. Colonel, Arthur W. Hanson ; and Major, now Lieut. 
Colonel, T. N. Gimperling. Major Endicott was Division 
Machine Gun Officer. The 316th Field Signal Battalion was 
organized by Major, now Lieut. Colonel, C. L. Wyman, as 
Division Signal Officer. 

At first, the flow of men was turned directly into the various 
skeleton organizations; later the increasing flood was directed 
into the 166th Depot Brigade, from which, as demands required, 
men were drawn to fill up the various units. 

In December, 1917, the first heavy levy was made upon the 
91st by the War Department. Several thousand men were 

[2] 



TRAINING PERIOD 

drawn from the Division and sent East as replacement troops. 
Several times thereafter the Division was called upon to furnish 
trained soldiers. However, the original foundation of the 91st 
remained, and when the Division entered its first battle in 
France it included the officers and men who made up the 
skeleton organization of the 91st during those days back in 
September, October and November, 1917. 

The States which gave up their best to the 91st are Cali-; 
fornia, Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, Montana 
and Wyoming, and the Territory of Alaska. The 361st Regi- 
ment was composed largely of Oregon and Washington men. 
The spirit of Montana dominated in the 362nd. The 363rd and 
364th were claimed by California because of the large number 
of sons of the Golden State in those two organizations. 

On November 24, 1917, General Greene and the Chief of 
Staff left Camp Lewis for France to study the actual con- 
ditions with which the Division would be called upon to 
cope. Brigadier General J. A. Irons became Commanding 
General of the 91st in the absence of General Greene. He 
served as such for a short time only, being relieved from duty 
with the Division and transferred to Camp Greene, N. C. 
Brigadier General Frederick S. Foltz succeeded him, having 
command of the Division until the return of General Greene in 
March, 1918. 

Meanwhile, General Greene had been organizing his staff 
with a view of its permanency. Lieut. Colonel, now Colonel, 
Frederick W. Coleman, then Division Quartermaster, was 
placed in charge of administration, later to be made Assistant 
Chief of Staff (G-l) of the Division. Lieut. Colonel, now 
Colonel, L. C. Bennett succeeded Colonel Coleman as Quarter- 
master. Captain, now Lieut. Colonel, Thomas A. Driscoll was 
appointed in charge of Divisional Intelligence, later to become 
Assistant Chief of Staff (G-2). As constituted when it left 
Camp Lewis for overseas, the Staff was composed of : Chief of 
Staff, Colonel H. J. Brees ; Administration, Colonel Frederick 
W. Coleman; Operations, Major, now Lieut. Colonel, Clark 
Lynn, G. S. ; Intelligence Officer, Captain, now Lieut. Colonel, 
Thomas A. Driscoll; Adjutant, Major F. W. Manley; Division 
Quartermaster, Lieut. Colonel L. C. Bennett ; Ordnance Officer, 
Lieut. Colonel George Herring; Division Signal Officer, Major 

[3] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

C. L. Wyman ; Division Surgeon, Lieut. Colonel Peter C. Field ; 
Division Inspector, Major A. D. Cummings. 

Brigadier General J. B. McDonald succeeded Brigadier 
General Styer as commander of the 181st Brigade on May 6, 
1918. On the eve of the departure of the Division, General 
Greene was relieved and ordered to the Philippine Islands, and 
the 91st went overseas with Brigadier General Foltz as Com- 
manding General. 

The expiration of ten months of intensive training found 
the 91st preparing for the long-anticipated journey overseas. 
Orders were being issued almost daily, dealing with the count- 
less details involved in the transportation of the Division and 
the vast quantities of material across the continent and thence 
across the Atlantic to the shores of France. 

Late in June the troops began entraining. On June 19 the 
advance part- left Camp Lewis. General Foltz and staff and 
the Headquarters Troop and Detachment entrained on June 21, 
and the remainder of the Division followed as rapidly as 
possible. 

On their trip across the continent, the soldiers from the Far 
West had an excellent opportunity to acquaint themselves with 
the patriotic unity which ultimately was to bring about the 
defeat of Germany. After witnessing demonstrations from 
coast to coast, the men of the 91st felt that they were backed 
by an undivided nation. The motherly gray-haired old woman 
standing in front of her little cottage on the broad prairie of 
Montana, alternately waving a flag and brushing away the tears 
she could not restrain, contributed as much to this feeling as did 
the impromptu receptions tendered the men in the great cities 
through which they passed. 

The journey also gave many citizens, especially in the East, 
a better conception of the high quality of manhood the West 
was contributing to the United States Army. 

The 3rd Battalion of the 363rd Infantry Regiment, com- 
manded by Major, now Colonel, J. B. Woolnough, traveled 
through Canada en route to Camp Merritt, N. J. Everywhere 
it was greeted with wild enthusiasm. 

Approximately six days were required for the troop trains 
to reach their destination. Practically all of the Division arrived 
in Camp Merritt between June 24 and June 30. The train 

[4] 



TRAINING PERIOD 

carrying the staff and Headquarters Troop and Detachment 
arrived at midnight on the 26th. The morning of the 27th, the 
Commanding General embarked on a transport for France. 

The Division remained at Camp Merritt until July 5. The 
men were given complete new outfits, from steel helmets to two 
new pairs of hobnailed trench shoes. Most of the time in Camp 
Merritt was devoted to outfitting the men and giving them their 
final physical inspections. Officers and men alike submitted to 
these examinations and any man found unfit was compelled to 
remain behind. 

On the morning of the 6th of July the men were aroused 
earlier than usual. An early start was desired for the ferry 
which was to carry them to the docks where the ships were 
awaiting their complement of fighting men. One or two giant 
liners slid out from their docks during the day and started on 
the perilous voyage. These were vessels which depended on 
their speed instead of destroyers to protect them from sub- 
marines lying in wait. 

When the convoy put to sea the following morning it was 
accompanied by a formidable escort. Airplanes and dirigibles 
preceded the troopships, scanning the sea for miles for the 
enemy under-water craft then operating along the American 
coast. A number of cruisers and torpedo-boat destroyers added 
further to the security of the convoy. And mounted on each 
troopship were naval pieces of medium caliber, manned by 
American and British naval gunners. 

Due to the emergency, it was necessary to crowd soldiers 
into every available foot of space on the transports. This did 
not contribute in the least to the comfort of the men, but every- 
one understood the reasons for such conditions and made the 
best of it. 

It required twelve days for the convoy to cross the Atlantic, 
owing to the circuitous and zigzag course taken to baffle the 
submarines. After leaving the American coast the transports 
were convoyed by the cruiser San Diego, formerly flagship of 
the Pacific Fleet. The San Diego turned back on July 15. She 
did not, however, reach the United States, as she sank off Fire 
Island Light, near New York, following an explosion, attributed 
at the time to a mine or a torpedo. 

Twelve British destroyers met the transports on July 16 and 

[5] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

undertook the task of convoying them into Liverpool and Glas- 
gow. As the convoy entered the Irish Sea, the destroyers were 
augmented by British dirigibles and hydroplanes and submarine 
chasers. The dangerous passage through these waters was 
safely made. 

Anchor was dropped at 6 o'clock in the evening of July 17 
off the Liverpool docks. Thousands of civilians cheered as each 
ship made its way to its berth, while several of the Division's 
military bands played popular airs. Not all the transports in the 
original convoy docked at Liverpool, some putting in at Glas- 
gow, Scotland, one going to Southampton and others proceed- 
ing direct to La Havre, France. 

The men who landed at British ports went to English rest 
camps. In both Scotland and England the Americans were 
warmly received. The so-called rest camps were not what the 
men of the 91st anticipated after their long sea voyage. Here 
the soldiers discovered the true significance of the relentless 
submarine warfare the Germans had been waging in so far as 
it pertained to foodstuffs. 

The trip across Scotland and England by rail to points of 
embarkation was one which the men of the Division will long 
remember. 

At Southampton the men were embarked on channel boats 
for La Havre, France. It required ten hours to make the 
passage across the English Channel, which was infested with 
enemy submarines and mines. The trip was uneventful. This 
American contingent set foot on French soil for the first time 
on the morning of July 23. Several transports carrying men of 
the 91st had preceded the majority of the Division, however, 
by some days, landing the men at other French ports. 

Pleasant weather and plenty of good food made the stop at 
La Havre rest camp appreciated. Several days were spent here 
while the men recuperated from their month's journey. The 
last few days of July saw them entraining for the interior of 
France. This leg of the journey was made in the small "side- 
door Pullmans" known to every Allied soldier who has been 
in France as 8 : 40 trains. The box cars were stenciled 
"40 Hommes — 8 Chevaux." It was never anticipated the mili- 
tary authorities would have to crowd forty huskies of the 91st 
into them. By reducing the number assigned to each car to 

[6] 



TRAINING PERIOD 

about thirty-five it was possible to pack them in. Two nights 
and a day gave the men all the "chevauxing" they desired for 
a long time to come. 

By the first day of August the Division was settled in its 
training area in the Department of Haute Marne. Divisional 
Headquarters was established at Montigny-le-Roi. The units 
were billeted in the surrounding villages. The nature of the 
terrain could not be surpassed for training troops in the open 
warfare in which they were to participate later. Excellent 
weather was also a big factor in whipping the men into the 
best possible physical condition. 

The entire month of August was passed in this area while 
the Division received its final training. Incessant drilling, long 
marches and frequent exercises were the schedule for the entire 
Division. These were continued until the critical umpires from 
the Sixth Corps pronounced the Division competent for the big 
task for which it had been preparing during the past year. 

On August 29 Major General William H. Johnston came 
to the Division as its commanding general. Brigadier General 
Foltz returned to command of the 182nd Infantry Brigade. On 
September 7 the Division left the training area for "the front." 

From Montigny-le-Roi and vicinity the Division moved to 
the vicinity of Gondrecourt ; Post of Command, known in the 
Army as P. C, being established at the latter place. The Divi- 
sion was assigned as part of the reserve of the First American 
Army in the contemplated reduction of the St.-Mihiel salient, 
which opened five days later. The 91st proceeded by marching 
from Gondrecourt to the vicinity of Void, Pagny-sur-Meuse 
and Sorcy-sur-Meuse, and P. C. was established in Sorcy on 
September 11. Three days, September 11-13, were spent here, 
the Division being ready to support the Fourth American Corps 
or the Second French Colonial Corps. When the success of the 
drive from the south was determined, the Division was moved 
by truck train during the night to the Vavincourt area, west of 
St.-Mihiel, passing to command of Major General Hirschauer, 
Second French Army. At the end of three days the St.-Mihiel 
salient had been obliterated from the war maps and there was 
no further need for holding the Division in reserve. The Divi- 
sion Headquarters moved from Vavincourt to Autrecourt on 
September 17, under orders from the Second French Army, 

[7] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

placing it under Major General Garvier Duplessix, Ninth 
French Corps. 

While in Autrecourt the staff was acquainted with the big 
task ahead — the smash through the Meuse-Argonne — and 
learned definitely that the 91st would go over the top in the 
coming drive. On the 19th, P. C. was moved from Autrecourt 
to Vraincourt, having been assigned to the Fifth Army Corps, 
Major General George H. Cameron, U. S. A., then six miles 
from the front line held by the French. The troops were moved 
by night marches with great secrecy until all were safely 
bivouacked in the wooded section of the Foret de Hesse sur- 
rounding Cote 290, Bertrame Farm. P. C. was advanced to 
Cote 290 on September 20, the administrative staff remaining 
at Vraincourt. 

In order to foster the surprise element it was necessary to 
maintain the movement of troops as guardedly as possible. 
Whenever aircraft appeared overhead bugles sounded the alarm 
and cover was taken. The staff was located in dugouts on the 
southern slope of the hill. 

During this period, under orders of General Cameron, the 
French continued to hold the front-line trenches, it being con- 
sidered inadvisable for the Americans to take them over until 
the night before the attack was to be launched. Whenever it 
became necessary to send officers and men of the 91st into the 
line to acquaint them with the terrain over which they were 
shortly to battle, the Americans were garbed in the helmets and 
overcoats of the French. All brigade and regimental com- 
manders were directed by General Johnston to make such 
reconnaissance. 

Hostile artillery action was limited to the usual harassing 
fire, with the exception of two occasions when the sectors of 
the 35th Division and 79th Division were raided by strong 
German patrols. A barrage was thrown over to cover the raid, 
and several men of the 91st were wounded during the raid 
against the 35th Division. Despite the great efforts to veil the 
movement of the Americans into the sector, the unusually heavy 
traffic involved in moving up artillery, munitions and supplies 
caused the Germans to become nervous. Sensing danger, they 
made the raids mentioned, to obtain information. 

On September 24 orders were issued and the last prepara- 

[8] 




Picture taken in "No-man's land," showing havoc wrought by the 
American barrage. Taken in Bois dc Cheppy, two kilometers east 
of J 'aitqnois Mountain. 




Another machine gun strong point which zvas damaged by the artillery 
on the night of September 26, 1918. Taken 100 meters northwest 
of Pont des 4 Enfants. 



TRAINING PERIOD 

tions made for going into the line. Occasional showers to which 
the men had been exposed while held in the woods had not 
dampened their ardor. On the 25th the last orders were issued, 
designating September 26 as "D" day and 5 :30 as "H" hour. 
Troops moved after dark from bivouacs in the woods to posi- 
tions from which to "jump off" at "H" hour next morning. 
Few slept that night.. 

That afternoon General John J. Pershing, Commander-in- 
Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces and personally 
commanding the First American Army, visited the P. C. at 
Cote 290. He asked Major General Johnston to express his 
confidence that officers and men of the 91st would do their duty. 
This fact was made known to the Division late that day in the 
memorandum issued by the Division Commander and read to all 
troops before they marched to their attack positions. It pleased 
officers and men to know that the C.-in-C. was with them at the 
front and not merely dictating orders from some headquarters 
far in rear. 



[9] 



CHAPTER II 

MOVING TOWARDS BATTLE AREA FORMER ACTIONS IN MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

THE TERRAIN HOSTILE UNITS FACING THE 91ST DIVISION PREPARATION FOR ATTACK 

The events which led up to the Meuse-Argonne offensive 
must be briefly recounted, in order that the reader may 
appreciate the importance of the action itself, the difficul- 
ties of the terrain, and the role that the district played in the 
earlier part of the war. 

The St.-Mihiel sailent had been reduced September 12-13, 
and the staff at Chaumont was taking up the task of launching 
the attack in the Meuse-Argonne, which had been planned long 
before by General Pershing as the proper strategic move to 
terminate the war. 

It is necessary, first of all, to call attention to the vital 
relationship of this operation to the later retirement of the 
German Army. The withdrawal, when required, of the Ger- 
man forces was to be a vast pivoting movement based on Metz, 
having as its object a very considerable shortening of the front. 
It depended above all else for its success upon the holding of 
the pivot, and of the line in the vicinity of the pivot. Further, 
the railroad line skirting the Argonne to the north, through 
Montmedy and Sedan, represented nearly one-half of the 
supply and troop-moving power of the German line of com- 
munications. Never during the war had an essential German 
line been so seriously threatened ; and its threatened severance 
was the controlling cause of the retirement and request for an 
armistice. 

The front assigned for the American advance extended 
from the Argonne on the west to the Meuse on the east, a 
stretch of some eighteen miles. The country lying between 
these limits is hilly and broken, and a large part of it is heavily 

[10] 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

wooded. It may roughly be divided into three parts : On the 
west the great Argonne Forest; then the open valley of the 
Aire, a tributary of the Aisne, which, at this point, runs nearly 
parallel to it ; lastly the strip of country between the Aire and 
the Meuse, approximately equal in width to the other two. 
This section contains many large and thick woods, interspersed 
with small open valleys and rolling uplands. The Hill of Mont- 
faucon, topped by the town of the same name, is the highest 
point in the region and commands views over the entire district. 

Since the very beginning of the war this stretch of country 
had been the scene of hard righting. During the original Ger- 
man drive in August, 1914, the French were obliged to fall back 
down the Meuse and the Aire, Montfaucon was bombarded 
and taken, the enemy passed by Verdun and struck south. 
After their defeat on the Marne the Germans succeeded in 
checking their pursuers on a line from the Aisne to a little north 
of Verdun, and the long period of trench warfare opened with 
the two armies facing each other along it. During these early 
days the Argonne Forest itself had seen little or no righting, 
but when the "dig-in" commenced, the French, seeking every 
opportunity to pry their opponents loose from their new posi- 
tions, attempted to advance through the forest and turn the 
flank of the Germans before Verdun. This move precipitated 
a series of battles in the Argonne Forest, which lasted during 
the whole of the autumn of 1914 and most of the winter of 
1915; they flared up again in June and July, 1915. Although 
the net result in ground lost and won was small, these hand-to- 
hand battles in the ravines, underbrush and tangled trenches 
of the Argonne were not surpassed during the whole war for 
intensity of fighting. 

Another much-disputed bit of ground was the Hill of Vau- 
quois, lying between the Argonne Forest and the Bois de 
Cheppy. This hill, commanding as it did the valleys of the Aire 
and the Buanthe, was the scene of bitter struggles during the 
period of trench warfare. The little village on its summit early 
became a mere heap of bricks, captured, lost and recaptured 
first by one side, then by the other; finally, a series of mining 
operations blew it away and left the top of the hill a waste of 
craters and shell holes, an utterly barren No-man's-land with 
the opposing trenches and wire straggling across its sides. 

[in 



THE 91st DIVISION 

Ferocious and deadly as had been the fighting in the 
Argonne and about the summit of Vauquois, it is rendered 
almost insignificant in comparison with the battles which took 
place in 1916 a little farther to the east during the great Ger- 
man attack on Verdun. Checked at the end of February in his 
attempts to break the French line east of the Meuse, the Crown 
Prince turned his attention to the west bank, and on March 14 
opened his series of historic assaults against the "Mort Homme" 
and Hill 304. These attacks quickly spread to the west, the 
Bois de Avocourt was taken by means of a tremendous con- 
centration of flame-throwers and the towns of Esnes and Avo- 
court were pounded to ruins by continuous shelling. Pressed 
back at first by sheer weight of men and metal, the French 
doggedly held fast in the Foret de Hesse and across the slopes 
of 304 and the "Mort Homme." The German troops, watched 
by the Crown Prince from his observatory on Montfaucon, 
made less and less progress as the days went by. Finally, 
utterly worn out, and with no fresh divisions available to follow 
them into the slaughter, they came to a halt, dug in, and a new 
line was established. In the autumn of 1916, Nivelle and 
Mangin, by their famous surprise attack, overwhelmed the new 
army positions, captured thousands of prisoners, and drove 
the Boche back to and beyond the line that he had occupied 
before the great offensive. From this time on, the Argonne and 
Verdun sectors were the scene of routine trench warfare, with 
continual local attacks and counter-attacks, raids, sapping, 
mining, shelling and gassing. 

Such, very briefly, is the history of the Meuse-Argonne, 
where, during the middle of September, the American troops 
began to gather for their supreme effort. The 91st Division, 
as yet untested, but primed by the long months of training and 
eager to go forward, came in with the others and was placed 
in bivouac in the Foret de Hesse. A few days later, September 
21, came orders from the Fifth Corps, and the Division learned 
that on "D" day at "H" hour it was to attack almost due north 
between Avocourt and Vauquois, through the tangled Bois de 
Cheppy and on across the broken country beyond. 

The Foret de Hesse, in which the 91st took up its position 
for the attack, and the Bois de Cheppy, through which it passed 
on the first day, are easterly extensions of the Foret d'Argonne 

[12] 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

and, like it, are thick, heavily underbrushed and cut by numer- 
ous ravines. The district is wild, sparsely populated and poorly 
provided with roads. The French and German lines were sep- 
arated by the narrow valley of the Buanthe. To the south of 
the Buanthe the French held the heights of Mont des Allieux 
and Cigalerie Butte, which gave excellent observation across 
and along No-man's-land. The Germans, on the other hand, 
were in position on the north half of Vauquois Hill and com- 
manded from there to clear view down the whole front of our 
sector. Both sides were, however, protected by the heavy woods 
in which their front lines were located and correspondingly 
handicapped in their observation of one another's trenches. 

In spite of this, airplane photographs and the statements 
of prisoners showed the main German defenses in this sector 
to be composed of four lines. The first position consisted of a 
double line of trenches and wire, running along the south edge 
of the Bois de Cheppy on the high ground just north of the 
Buanthe creek. Between two and three kilometers farther north 
were the trenches, wire and dugouts of the "Hagen Stellung," 
considered by the Germans as an intermediate or first with- 
drawal position. In the 91st's zone this line followed the north 
edge of a narrow, flat-bottomed gully, called the Ravin de Lai 
Fuon, which could be thoroughly swept from the machine gun 
emplacements of the "Hagen" trenches. A little farther to the 
west, and on high ground, the formidable "Trenchee de la Sala- 
mandre," a continuation of the "Hagen Stellung," dominated 
the entire ravine of the Chambronne from the Bois de Chehemin 
to the valley of the Aire. This group of trenches and the small, 
strongly organized woods in its vicinity constituted a position 
of the greatest strength. 

The second main position, known as the "Volker Stellung," 
lay along a high ridge nearly four kilometers to the north. To 
the east of the 91st sector it encircled the fortress of Mont- 
faucon and town of Ivoiry; within our zone of action it pro- 
tected the towns of Epinonville and Eclisfontaine. Its trenches, 
wire and machine gun emplacements alone gave it great 
strength, but its principal value lay in the fact that it domi- 
nated broad stretches of rolling, open country and offered clear 
fields of fire down long, bare ravines. A further element of 
power was the presence, close behind the line, of a group of 

[13] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

small woods — Les Epinettes Bois, Les Bouleaux Bois, Bois de 
Baulny and Bois de Cierges. These gave admirable cover for 
artillery, for the massing of counter-attack troops and for 
centers of resistance in case of a break-through in the trench 
line itself. 

The fourth and last organized position, the "Kriemhilde 
Stellung," was five to seven kilometers to the north. This line 
was begun in October, 1917, and, while it was not entirely 
finished at the time of our attack, it had been thoroughly wired ; 
and like all German rear positions, possessed very great natural 
advantages. Aside from the above four main lines the entire 
country had been most completely equipped with subsidiary 
defenses in the form of minor lines and switch trenches, organ- 
ized woods and fortified farms, as well as isolated machine gun 
positions and nests so sited as to rake and cross-rake all avail- 
able approaches to the major positions. To accompany these 
physical barriers the enemy had developed a remarkably effi- 
cient system of ground observation posts, connected by wire 
with all his battery and most of his machine gun emplacements ; 
he was furthermore provided with balloon and aviation services, 
which, from the point of view of observation and liaison, left 
very little to be desired. Add to these things the broken nature 
of the country, the thickness of woods, the lack of roads, and 
it can be appreciated how great a task confronted the attacker. 

The sector assigned to the 91st Division ran almost exactly 
up the dividing line between the army group of the German 
Crown Prince to the west and the army group of General 
von Gallwitz to the east. On either side of this boundary lay 
a German divisional sector; the eastern one extending from 
about the south tip of Cheppy Wood east to Malancourt, and 
the western taking in the west half of Cheppy Wood, the 
valley of the Aire and the eastern border of the Forest of 
Argonne. These two sectors, which lay opposite the 91st Divi- 
sion front, had originally been held by the 53rd and 37th Ger- 
man Divisions. The 37th was relieved by the 117th Division 
during the night of September 12-13; on the 16th the 53rd 
sector was taken over by the 1st Guard Division. These facts 
were not discovered until the early morning of September 22, 
when, during a raid on the 79th Division, Fifth American 
Corps, a member of the attacking party blundered into the 

[14] 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

French trenches east of Avacourt. This man proved to belong 
to the 157th Regiment of the 117th Division. From him it was 
also learned that on the right of his regiment lay the 1st Guards, 
a unit whose presence had been suspected ever since the finding, 
in No-man's-land, on September 20 of the dead body of a 
second lieutenant of that division. This information indicated 
strongly that we should meet these two divisions on "D" day, 
for it seemed very unlikely that units which had come into line 
so recently would be themselves relieved prior to our attack. 
Our interest in them, their past history and their fighting quali- 
ties became, therefore, a very lively one. 

The 117th was rated as the best of the second-class divisions 
in the German Army. It had been raised in the second year of 
the war, had fought with credit in the successful Carpathian 
campaign on the eastern front and had particularly distinguished 
itself in Italy in October, 1917. During the spring offensives 
of 1918, the 117th was repeatedly used as a shock unit and 
each time acquitted itself well. In the British attack of August 
on the Somme the division had heavy losses, and was with- 
drawn to Sedan, where it rested and received replacements. 
Its morale, according to all available information, was excellent. 

The 1st Prussian Guard Division, as its name implies, be- 
longed to the elite of the German Army. It had come from 
Russia late in 1917 and had spent the whole winter in a long 
course of training in open warfare. During the great spring 
attack it was engaged a number of times, always very success- 
fully. One of its best efforts was its crossing of the Marne in 
the face of stubborn resistance by the French. All authorities 
ranked it as one of the best of the first-class shock divisions. 

While the American staff was carefully checking up the 
roster of enemy divisions in line and in reserve and was per- 
fecting the details of its own attack, the Germans were likewise 
busy preparing for defense and attempting to gain some inkling 
as to the direction and force of the blow which they felt was 
impending. After the St.-Mihiel attack the Boche, expecting 
a further drive on the stronghold of Metz, gathered near that 
place a number of divisions to assure its defense. Nothing 
happened there, but enemy planes flying by night far behind 
our lines reported an entirely abnormal traffic in the vicinity 
of Verdun. An attack directly east of the Meuse was foreseen 

[15] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

and planned for, but no efforts were spared by the commanders 
between the Meuse and the Aisne to feel out the Allied line 
and attempt to gain information as to what was going on along 
their particular front. As proof of this we have the statement 
of the man of the 117th, who said that ever since coming into 
line his regiment had been sending out nightly patrols for the 
purpose of capturing prisoners in No-man's-land; that these 
patrols had failed; and that the unsuccessful raid of Septem- 
ber 22, in which he was captured, had been launched to discover 
who lay behind the Allied wire. 

So, on September 23, the enemy were still drawing their 
deductions from what they could see and hear from their own 
trenches. The summary of information of the 1st Guard Divi- 
sion of September 23 says that brown uniforms had been seen 
opposite their front and that the presence of Americans was 
to be suspected. The same document, speaking of the 22nd and 
the night of 22nd-23rd, says : "During the daytime only circu- 
lation far in the rear could be observed, but at night great 
activity reigned along our front. The noise of narrow-gauge 
railways, motor trucks, the unloading of heavy material, loud 
cries, sirens and claxons could be heard through the whole 
night." As a result of this information the resting battalions 
of the 3d Guard Regiment were brought up to points south 
of the Very-Montfaucon line. 

On September 24 the idea that our blow would be farther 
to the east still held. This is proved by the following order 
of the 1st Guard Regiment of that date: 

VERY URGENT 

A strong enemy attack in the direction of Metz is 
expected tomorrow, September 25. The attack may 
extend to our front; consequently, patrols should be 
send out in the covering zone. Wherever possible 
these patrols should be equipped with sirens with 
which to alarm the troops in support; we must look 
for a surprise attack. 

(Signed) Eulenberg. 



[16] 




The ruins of the town of Avocourt. 



n 





Cross roads used as Division P. C. by 91st Division from September 
26 to September 28, 1918. This is about one-half kilometer south- 
east of I 'ery. 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

On September 25, however, the attack did not come. Some 
definite information as to the extent, the direction and force 
of the impending blow must have reached the headquarters of 
the various German divisions in the Argonne during the early 
morning of the 25th, for from that time until the actual launch- 
ing of our attack twenty-four hours later there was issued a 
flood of orders, messages and directions, all evidently designed 
to prepare the sector for a much greater and more deadly shock 
than had been previously foreseen. Some of these fell into our 
hands ; others we can guess from the conditions we found when 
we entered the German lines; of still others we were told by 
prisoners. 

The gist of them was that the front line should be aban- 
doned, that the "Hagen Stellung," or intermediate position, 
should become the first line of resistance, and that the artillery 
should be disposed in greater depth and so placed as to form 
the backbone of the defense of the "Volker Stellung." These dis- 
positions, however, were ordered so late that our attack struck 
the enemy in process of carrying them out; the "Hagen Stel- 
lung" was not thoroughly manned, the roads to the rear were 
crowded with traffic ; and, worst of all, the artillery was not soon 
enough in place to lend any effective support to the infantry be- 
fore the afternoon of the 27th. One further point must be noted, 
namely, that the Germans did not expect the attack to pass 
through the dense Bois de Cheppy and had therefore concen- 
trated their attention on the defense of the open country of the 
Aire Valley and the northeastwardly running Ruisseau de 
Chambronne. These things will help the reader to understand 
some of the events which happened during the next few days. 

The 91st, as it has been said above, came into the Foret 
de Hesse on the night of September 19-20. The P. C. was 
established in some French dugouts on the south slop** o» 
Hill 290, and the troops were biouacked in the wocd» a shorf 
distance behind the front trenches. These so-caiied trenches 
were not continuous, had been abandoned as trenches, and 
many of them were full of coils of wire, rendering them an 
obstacle rather than a line of protection from fire. The 91st 
Division, from September 20 to 25, occupied not only the sector 
from which it was to attack, but also half of the sector from 
which the 37th Division, after arrival, was to attack on the 

[17] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

right of the 91st. A regiment of French infantry occupied the 
line of surveillance, which consisted of a broken line of dugouts 
hundreds of yards apart, with small combat groups between 
the dugouts. It also included observation posts occupied each 
by one company of French infantry, one at La Cigalerie Butte, 
on the western edge of the 91st Division zone, and the other on 
the Cote le Hermont, which was within the sector later occupied 
by the 37th Division. From each of these observation posts, 
which were on elevations above the timber line, could be seen 
the area from which the Fifth Corps and a part of the First 
Corps were to attack. Uniformed as French, the Division 
Commander and Brigade and Regimental Commanders studied 
the ground over which they were to attack from these observa- 
tion posts for two or three days before the attack was made. 
In order to conceal the fact that many American divisions were 
forming up in the woods north of the Verdun-Clermont high- 
way, American troops were required to remain on the line of 
resistance about 800 meters south of the line of surveillance 
occupied by the French. Strict orders were issued to keep 
everyone under cover during the daytime, in order not to reveal 
their presence to the occasional hostile airplanes that slipped 
over the lines. 

Under the command of the 91st Division were French 
artillery units prepared to lay down barrages in case of raids 
by the Germans. These French artillery units were relieved 
gradually during the nights of September 20-25, and other 
heavy French artillery units were moved up to positions in the 
woods to participate in the bombardment. 

Considerable equipment, including machine gun carts and 
additional draft animals, was issued to the Division in Foret 
de Hesse. One hundred company officers who had been attend- 
ing a corps school at Gondrecourt joined the Division on 
September 24 in time to participate in the attack. Orders from 
the First Army and Fifth Army Corps forbade more than one 
vehicle being seen on any road at any time by daylight, and 
not more than a squad of men was permitted to move along 
the road or out of the woods at any time during the day. As 
the Division railhead was at Froidos, south of the Verdun- 
Clermont highway, all supplies, including rations and forage, 

[ 18] 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

were forwarded at night by truck and wagon, and noise as 
far as possible avoided. 

During our march forward we had passed column after 
column of troops of other divisions and interminable truck 
trains had rumbled all night through every billeting town that 
we occupied. And now, hidden in the Foret de Hesse, we 
began to be surrounded by an ever-thickening concentration 
of artillery, long-range rifles, stumpy howitzers, battery after 
battery of smaller guns. They came in night after night, and 
by daybreak each new increment had melted out of sight in the 
woods and high roadside hedges, or had disappeared under 
camouflage in the open. It seemed as if all the guns in France 
were gathered together in the crowded forest. 

On September 23 arrived the order from Fifth Corps Head- 
quarters, dated September 21. It said in part: "The First 
American Army attacks from the Meuse to La Hazaree ; Fifth 
Army Corps attacks at 'H' hour on 'D' day on the front Malan- 
court (Incl.) — Vauquois (Excl). The advance will be pushed 
by all divisions with the greatest vigor." The same order an- 
nounced that the Fourth French Army covered the left of the 
American Army and that the Second French Army held the 
Verdun sector, covering the right flank of the American Army. 
It also announced that the Third Army Corps (U. S.) on the 
right "attacks from the Meuse (exclusive) to Malancourt 
(exclusive), protecting the right of the American Army and 
assisting the advance of the Fifth Army Corps, later advancing 
in conjunction with the Fifth Army Corps." It announced also 
that "The First Army Corps on the left assists the advance of 
the Fifth Army Corps, by cutting off hostile artillery fire, and 
observation from the eastern edge of the Foret d'Argonne. It 
clears up the Forest of Argonne, and advances to the American 
Army objective in conjunction with the Fifth Army Corps." 
In other words, the Third Army Corps was to swing as a gate, 
pivoting with its right flank on the Meuse toward the east. 
The First Army Corps was to swing as a gate, pivoting in the 
Foret d'Argonne toward the west, thus assisting the Fifth 
Army Corps in its assault through the center. The plan was 
excellent, as it provided that after the Fifth Army Corps 
reached the corps objective, all three corps were to advance to 
the American Army objective. 

f 191 



THE 91st DIVISION 

The Fifth Corps formed with the 91st, 37th and 79th Divi- 
sions in the front line, from left to right, and the 32nd Division, 
part of which had just returned from the Paris group of armies, 
as corps reserve. The 166th Field Artillery Brigade was then 
in training area in France and did not join the 91st Division. 

Attached to the 91st Division were the following units: 
58th Field Artillery Brigade; one regiment of the 158th Field 
Artillery Brigade; one battalion of the 65th Regiment Coast 
Artillery Corps ; one battery of French artillery ; Company "B," 
First Gas Regiment, less one platoon; 104th Squadron, Air 
Service Corps, less one flight. Acting on the corps order the 
Commanding General made the following dispositions: The 
181st Brigade was to attack with its two regiments side by side ; 
the 182nd Brigade with one regiment infantry in advance and 
the other 500 meters in rear of first. The companies of the 
347th and 348th Machine Gun Battalions were attached to the 
different infantry battalions, thereafter being integral parts of 
the regiments. The machine gun company of each regiment 
was attached to and fought with the 1st Battalion of that regi- 
ment; the 347th and 348th Machine Gun Battalions sent two 
companies each to the regiments of their brigade and these were 
attached to the 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the regiments. Thus 
each of the six infantry battalions had with it throughout the 
action a machine gun company, excepting where orders required 
less than a company to be detached with liaison groups sent out 
on the flanks. Batteries of light field artillery were detailed to 
accompany the advance. The Commanding General of the 58th 
Field Artillery Brigade was ordered to designate two regiments 
of 75's as accompanying batteries and supports for infantry 
regiments, one battalion being designated to support each regi- 
ment. It was not until the fourth day that batteries were 
actually pushed to the front so as to have accompanying guns 
with front-line battalions. During the first day, no artillery was 
able to reach the positions north of Bois de Cheppy in time to 
assist the infantry advance. During the second and third days, 
from positions near Very crossroads and Epinonville, the artil- 
lery materially assisted the infantry without being able to push 
accompanying guns to the front line. 

The 316th Engineers was ordered to furnish one-half com- 
pany for pioneer duty with each infantry brigade, one company 

[20] 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

with the 58th Field Artillery Brigade, one company with the 
158th Field Artillery Brigade, consisting of only one light 
regiment, and one battalion for road repairs, attached to the 
trains. The 316th Field Signal Battalion was to assure com- 
munication. The trains were to be ready to advance along the 
Avocourt-Very road as soon as it should be captured and made 
possible. 

Division reserve (under command of Lieut. Colonel F. C. 
Endicott) consisted of the 346th Machine Gun Battalion 
(motorized) and one battalion of infantry with attached 
machine gun company from each of the infantry brigades. 
Each brigade commander detailed one battalion of infantry 
with machine gun company attached as his brigade reserve. 
One company of infantry and one machine gun company were 
detailed from the 182nd Brigade as a combat liaison force 
between the 91st Division and the 35th Division. This liaison 
force was to neutralize the German machine gun positions on 
the north slope of Vauquois Hill, covering the left flank of 
the 182nd Brigade, subsequently advancing in the direction of 
that brigade. Similarly, one company of infantry with one 
machine gun company detached from the 181st Brigade was 
to cover the right flank of the 91st Division and maintain 
combat liaison with the 37th Division. Thus, each colonel had 
in his command his regiment less one battalion, plus one 
machine gun company from his brigade machine gun battalion. 

An Advance Center of Information was established on 
Hill 274 (La Cigalerie Butte), 700 meters east of La Cigalerie 
Farm. The Signal Corps established wire communication from 
Division P. C. to this A. C. I. two days before the attack, and 
carried forward the wire from this position on the day of attack 
to Very crossroads, following the 182nd Brigade. The only 
thing withheld was the exact assignment of "D" day and "H" 
hour ; but everyone felt that this could not now be long delayed. 

That final word came on September 24. On the evening of 
September 25 the troops moved forward into the very front 
line, relieved by midnight the protecting screen of French, and 
took up their positions for the "jump-off." 

Orders having been given and reports received that troops 
were marching to their positions, the Division Commander with 
two aides, accompanied by four staff officers from General 

[211 



THE 91st DIVISION 

Headquarters, left the Division staff at Cote 290 near Bertrame 
Farm, the place designated by the Corps Commander as Divi- 
sion P. C, about 10 p. m., September 25, and walked to the 
advance center of information (La Cigalerie Butte), 4,000 
yards north of the Division P. C, before midnight. There was 
complete telephone communication throughout the night be- 
tween this A. C. I. and Division P. C. and the reserve. Through 
the Division P. C. there was wire communication with the 181st 
Infantry Brigade. By runner there was communication with 
the Headquarters of the 182nd Infantry Brigade, which, with 
the 364th Infantry, was at Mont des Aillieux, the 363rd In- 
fantry being in position on the southern slope of La Cigalerie 
Butte. 



[22 



CHAPTER III 

DETAILED ACCOUNT OF EACH DAY'S FIGHTING, SEPTEMBER 26 TO OCTOBER 4, 1918 

IN THE FIFTH CORPS RESERVE 

A t eleven-thirty that night {2Z l / 2 o'clock) the heavy long- 
l\ range guns of the army artillery opened fire on selected 
X J^. targets in the enemy country. This bombardment grew 
in power and in intensity throughout the night. At 2 :30 o'clock, 
all the guns of the corps and divisional artillery, silent up to that 
moment, went into action together. It is useless to try to 
describe that bombardment ; those who lay under it during the 
hours before the "jump-off" will never forget it. It was so 
vast, so stunning, and the noise was so overwhelming that no 
one could grasp the whole. The German trenches were marked 
in the darkness by a line of leaping fire, punctuated now and 
then by the higher bursts of some particularly heavy shell. The 
retaliatory fire by German batteries passed over the heads of 
our leading regiments. Although the 363rd Infantry found no 
trenches sufficient for protection, and as the night was warm 
the men preferred lying on the ground on the hill, no casualty 
occurred during the bombardment, as projectiles from the 
enemy and our own artillery passed well over the heads of the 
men. 

When the leading waves of the 363rd Infantry passed over 
La Cigalerie Butte, they entered the valley of the Buanthe into 
a cloud of smoke and mist which completely concealed them 
from the Germans on Vauquois Hill less than a half-mile to 
the west. Similarly, the 181st Brigade, advancing with the 
362nd Infantry on the right and the 361st on the left, was able 
to cross No-man's-land (the valley of the Buanthe) through 
this cloud of smoke and mist without suffering casualties. All 
of the 363rd waves and the liaison group between the 35th and 

[23] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

91st Divisions crossed No-man's-land thus concealed, the last 
elements leaving La Cigalerie Butte at 6 o'clock. 

The barrage lifted and rolled off through Cheppy Wood at 
the specified rate of 100 yards in every five minutes. The three 
leading regiments passed through the prepared lanes in the old 
French wire, deployed in No-man's-land and went forward 
without opposition. There was no delay in their movement. 

The 364th, with Headquarters 182nd Brigade, having 
encountered some difficulty in finding lanes through the wires 
between Mont des Aillieux and La Cigalerie Butte, reached the 
jumping-off line at 6:30 o'clock, moving forward at 7 o'clock, 
thus more than 500 meters behind the 363rd. The leading 
battalion, the 1st, although late, was able to cross No-man's- 
land without serious resistance; but when the 2nd Battalion, 
headquarters and machine gun companies w T ith Brigade Head- 
quarters reached the valley of the Buanthe, the mist and smoke 
had risen and they were subjected to machine gun fire from 
the northern slope of Vauquois Hill and later to artillery fire. 
This checked the rear elements of the 364th near La Fonderie 
Farm and many casualties were suffered, the wounded being 
evacuated to a dressing station south of La Cigalerie Butte. 
The temporary confusion was quickly corrected and the regi- 
ment went forward, reaching shelter from view in Bois de 
Cheppy. 

Throughout the morning the 364th pushed forward, the 
1st and 2nd Battalions on the left of the 363rd Infantry, some 
of its elements overtaking the 363rd near Very. Companies "C" 
and "F" were in brigade sector, others in the zone of the 35th 
Division. Colonel H. C. Jewett, 316th Engineers, was sent 
forward about 9 o'clock to relieve Brigadier General F. S. 
Foltz, and overtook and assumed command of the brigade near 
Very crossroads. The 182nd Brigade was assembled during 
the night. 

Meanwhile, the Division reserve, under Lieut. Colonel 
Endicott, had been ordered to move forward and cross No- 
man's-land near Pont des 4 Enfants, where engineers had 
built a small bridge over which machine gun carts could pass. 
Lieut. Colonel Endicott took the motorized 346th Machine Gun 
Battalion to Avocourt, to follow the Avocourt-Very road on 
the trucks, while the Division Commander and aides led the 

r 24 1 




363rd Infantry, 3rd Battalion, Companies I , K, and M , lying in reserve. 




Epinonville and vicinity from Hill 248. Taken from a point tzvo kilo- 
meters northeast of Very. 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

remainder of the Division reserve to Pont des 4 Enfants, over 
the shell-torn Cheppy Wood, overtaking the 181st Brigade 
south of the Ravin de Lai Fuon. The two infantry battalions, 
with machine gun companies attached, were stationed between 
the two infantry brigades, ready to support either. Many 
prisoners and machine guns were captured by the two brigades 
in passing through Bois de Cheppy. 

The battered enemy front-line trenches were found with 
few defenders, scattered with the debris of a hasty evacuation, 
probably carried out during the evening before. These trenches 
were left behind, and our first waves penetrated into the Bois 
de Cheppy. The smoke and fog were so thick that the deployed 
troops had great trouble in keeping their alignment and in- 
tervals. In spite of these things, our leading elements crossed 
the woods and arrived at the German positions at La Neuve 
Grange Farm and along the Ravin de Lai Fuon. 

As the machine gun nest was the backbone of the Boche 
defense, and as it was one of the principal obstacles that our 
troops had continuously to battle against for the rest of that 
day and during the three days following, it may not be amiss 
to describe it here. The nest may consist of one or several 
guns, sometimes set in prepared emplacements, sometimes 
merely tucked away in bushes or in the ruins of a house. In 
every case the guns themselves were carefully concealed, and 
there was usually some form of protection for the crew. The 
pieces seldom fired to their own front, but were so placed as to 
rake the front of other nests or of obstacles such as wire belts 
and woods. When the attackers are held up by machine gun 
fire, the shooting seldom comes from directly in the foreground, 
but from some position on the flank which they cannot easily 
locate. They are, therefore, unable to advance until the nest 
has been taken by maneuvering around it. This movement, on 
the other hand, is often also held up by fire from an entirely 
different nest, and so the whole line is stopped. As machine 
guns come into action suddenly and their killing power is 
terrific, they cannot be reduced by frontal attacks of waves of 
infantry, but must be either shelled out or held under our own 
infantry and machine gun fire until they can be stalked by little 
groups of determined men. These dash from cover to cover, 
or work around the emplacements by stealth, getting close 

[25] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

enough to put the gunners or the piece itself out of action. To 
ward off these attacks, the Germans placed snipers and bomb 
throwers in concealment close by the guns. Such were the nests 
that confronted our men as they reached the ravine of Lai Fuon 
and the open country to the north of Cheppy Wood. 

The machine guns along this line were overcome and the 
181st Brigade, having straightened its front along the ravine, 
pushed forward through the Bois de Very and the Bois Che- 
hemin. Before the 182nd Brigade lay somewhat more open 
country, but great trouble was encountered in the small woods 
along the Montfaucon-Cheppy road, where there were numer- 
ous strong points that had to be taken one by one. In this work 
the infantry and the guns of the 348th Machine Gun Battalion 
co-operated, and by noon the leading elements came over the 
hill and entered the wrecked village of Very, putting down the 
resistance of the Boche who remained^ and driving many more 
out of the houses and across the ridge to the northwest. 

About 4:30 p. m. (16:30 o'clock) the 122nd Field Artillery 
reported to the Division Commander at le Ravin de Lai Fuon, 
having passed the shell-torn village of Avocourt, and the road 
thence toward Very after repair by the engineers. He was 
directed to assign one battalion to support the attack of the 
181st Infantry Brigade over the Bois Chehemin, and to send 
the other battalion along the Avocourt- Very road to report to 
the 182nd Brigade near Very crossroads. Through some mis- 
take by the Artillery Commander, the battalion which had un- 
limbered and prepared to support the attack of the 181st 
Brigade was also detailed later to proceed to Very crossroads. 
As the 181st Brigade had fought its way to open ground and 
could see the German positions near Epinonville, about 2,000 
yards north, the Brigade Commander attacked, although the 
battalion of artillery which was ready to support him was 
diverted and thus did not fire. Their lines could be seen from 
the Division Commander's position near the Very crossroads, 
bravely advancing over open ground under heavy fire until 
checked at the ridge on which is Epinonville. Some troops 
penetrated Epinonville, but the brigade was obliged to fall back 
to the ravine south thereof for the night. 

The 363rd Infantry, after making numerous captures in 
Bois de Cheppy, encountered strong resistance on emerging 

r 26 1 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

from the Bois de Cheppy from La Neuve Grange Farm. After 
assaulting this position it advanced through Very to high 
ground north of the city, where it dug in for the night. The 
364th Infantry, on the left of and following the 363rd, ad- 
vanced beyond Very, digging in for the night southwest of, 
but near, the 363rd. The line occupied by the Division for the 
night extended from just south of Epinonville, which was the 
eastern limit of the Division zone, around the head of the Ravin 
des Balonvaux (Plank Road Hollow), thence along the west- 
ern slope of the ravine north of the city of Very, into the zone 
of the 35th Division. The Division P. C. was established 
at Very crossroads, 800 meters east of Very, at 18 o'clock 
(6 p. m.), the Division staff moving from Cote 290 later that 
evening; the 122nd and 124th Field Artillery taking position 
during the night near the Division P. C. 

The Division reserve was placed in the south of Very. The 
combat liaison detachment, Company "L," 364th Infantry, and 
one machine gun company had inclined to the west, endeavoring 
to gain touch with the 35th Division, and fought their way 
north actually in the area of the 35th Division, and in front 
of that division throughout the day. As heavy firing was heard 
at night to the west of the Very crossroads, orders were sent 
this combat liaison group to move toward Very and cover the 
left of the Division. This detachment rejoined the Division 
zone about daylight September 27. 

Although no tanks had been assigned to the 91st Division, 
a detachment thereof under Captain Ferrer, 348th Machine 
Gun Battalion, co-operated with some tanks in the attack near 
Cheppy, which resulted in the capture of a large number of 
Germans. They then moved on the Cheppy- Very road to Very. 
The first day's fighting had broken two German lines, pene- 
trated part of the third, and had realized an advance of eight 
kilometers. 

During the 26th the auxiliary services had also been work- 
ing fast and furiously. With the first wave went engineers to 
throw bridges over the Buanthe creek. Other engineers fell to 
work on the road from Avocourt across No-man's-land, which 
had, of course, been pounded out of existence during the past 
three years. Others pushed forward and cut detours around 
two great tank pits that the Germans had dug in the road 

[27] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

farther north. By noon the traffic was flowing, or rather 
bumping, over the old No-man's-land and into Cheppy Wood — 
first the combat wagons with their ammunition, then the artil- 
lery and finally the trucks of the Division supply trains. The 
vigor with which this work was accomplished and the speed 
with which the trains followed up over the extemporized road, 
full of shell craters and mudholes, played an extremely im- 
portant part in allowing the Division to continue its successful 
drive of the first day. The signal troops, then as later, were 
always with the advancing infantry and machine guns, and 
telephone communication, without which no modern battle can 
be waged, was quickly established. The lines, however, were 
continually cut by shells and had to be patrolled and repaired 
under heavy fire day and night. 

In addition to the lines established by the 316th Field Signal 
Battalion, the 181st Brigade found insulated German wire in 
the Bois de Cheppy and used that wire in its advance, as did 
the Division Commander for communication with the Division 
P. C. at Cote 290. 

Second Day, September 27 

The night of the 26th-27th was spent in ascertaining loca- 
tion of units of the Division and issuing orders to renew the 
attack. The passage through the Bois de Cheppy and the hard 
fighting of the preceding afternoon had naturally resulted in 
the mixing of men from unit to unit and the displacement of 
companies and battalions from their proper sectors. The dis- 
positions taken up at this time for the morn's advance were 
as follows: Both brigades were to attack towards the Eclis- 
fontaine-Epinonville line. The two infantry battalions with 
machine gun companies attached which had served as Division 
reserve were returned to their brigades, so that each regiment 
might attack in column of three battalions. The 181st Brigade 
attacked the strong ridge on which Epinonville was located, 
with the 362nd Infantry on the right of the 361st. Three 
separate assaults on Epinonville were made, but each was re- 
pulsed, and by night the brigade was at the foot of the ridge 
of Epinonville, which town had been entered on the 26th and 
three times on the 27th. 

[28] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

farther north. By noon the traffic was flowing, or rather 
bumping, over the old No-man's-land and into Cheppy Wood — 
first the combat wagons with their ammunition, then the artil- 
lery and finally the trucks of the Division supply trains. The 
vigor with which this work was accomplished and the speed 
with which the trains followed up over the extemporized road, 
full of shell craters and mudholes, played an extremely im- 
portant part in allowing the Division to continue its successful 
drive of the first day. The signal troops, then as later, were 
always with the advancing infantry and machine guns, and 
telephone communication, without which no modern battle can 
be waged, was quickly established. The lines, however, were 
continually cut by shells and had to be patrolled and repaired 
under heavy fire day and night. 

In addition to the lines established by the 316th Field Signal 
Battalion, the 181st Brigade found insulated German wire in 
the Bois de Cheppy and used that wire in its advance, as did 
the Division Commander for communication with the Division 
P. C. at Cote 290. 

Second Day, September 27 

The night of the 26th-27th was spent in ascertaining loca- 
tion of units of the Division and issuing orders to renew the 
attack. The passage through the Bois de Cheppy and the hard 
fighting of the preceding afternoon had naturally resulted in 
the mixing of men from unit to unit and the displacement of 
companies and battalions from their proper sectors. The dis- 
positions taken up at this time for the morn's advance were 
as follows : Both brigades were to attack towards the Eclis- 
fontaine-Epinonville line. The two infantry battalions with 
machine gun companies attached which had served as Division 
reserve were returned to their brigades, so that each regiment 
might attack in column of three battalions. The 181st Brigade 
attacked the strong ridge on which Epinonville was located, 
with the 362nd Infantry on the right of the 361st. Three 
separate assaults on Epinonville were made, but each was re- 
pulsed, and by night the brigade was at the foot of the ridge 
of Epinonville, which town had been entered on the 26th and 
three times on the 27th. 

r 28 1 






io modem battle can 






per lectors. The dis- 
the foot of the 



t.mi mi [ 



*-|th 




THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

When the attack moved forward it met an enemy reinforced 
and strongly located in a multitude of machine gun nests, sup- 
ported also by a well-directed and cruel artillery fire that grew 
in intensity throughout the day. The 361st passed through 
Epinonville, clearing out groups of the enemy as it went, but 
when an attempt was made to debouch from the town and the 
road leading west from it the troops were met by such a hail 
of machine gun bullets from the woods and orchards beyond 
that no progress could be made. The fighting on this wing 
kept up all day, our troops endeavoring to get beyond the town, 
but being driven back again and again. Hostile shelling became 
very severe, both upon the assaulting troops and also upon the 
supports who had dug themselves in on the slopes south of the 
town. This fire was accurate and persistent and was almost 
constantly regulated by low-flying enemy planes. About noon 
the advance of the division on our right was checked and their 
men fell back under severe shelling between Epinonville and 
Ivoiry to positions behind our right flank. 

On the left somewhat greater advance was possible. The 
182nd Brigade attacked with the 364th Infantry, on the right 
of the 363rd Infantry. Colonel G. McD. Weeks was relieved 
by Lieut. Colonel J. J. Mudgett, 364th Infantry, before the 
attack. The advance was delayed by hostile artillery, guided 
apparently by hostile planes which hovered over the brigade 
all morning. The 364th maintained contact with the 361st, but 
the 363rd inclined so far toward the west in an endeavor to 
gain touch with the 35th Division that some units thereof 
crossed the Varennes-Eclisfontaine road, moving toward Seri- 
eux Farm, and came under artillery fire, probably that of the 
35th Division, as the 363rd had moved into the zone of that 
division. 

The 364th was held up in front of the town of Eclisfontaine 
before broad belts of wire swept by machine guns. With the 
help of our artillery, however, they managed about four-thirty 
in the afternoon to break through, capture Eclisfontaine and 
Les Bouleaux Bois and organize those positions for the night. 
The 363rd reached the ravine running southwest from Eclis- 
fontaine about noon. The Eclisfontaine-Varennes road on the 
other side of the ravine was strongly held by the enemy, and it 

[29] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

was some time before it was finally taken and the regiment was 
enabled to push on into Les Bordeaux Bois. 

The total day's advance had reached a line running through 
Epinonville, Eclisfontaine and Les Bouleaux Bois. This posi- 
tion was being organized when notice came from Corps Head- 
quarters that a barrage of army artillery might be laid down on 
the Eclisfontaine-Varennes road during the night. It was ac- 
cordingly necessary to withdraw the troops of the 182nd 
Brigade south of that road and out of the town of Eclisfontaine. 
As shells from distant heavy artillery were falling south of the 
road and on Epinonville, the main line for the night was estab- 
lished a little farther to the south, outposts holding practically 
all the territory gained during the day. Many casualties had 
resulted in taking Cote 231 and Eclisfontaine, and it was dis- 
appointing to give up this place because another division had 
failed to keep abreast of the 91st. 

Third Day, September 28 

On the morning of the 28th the advance was renewed, the 
181st Brigade attacking with the 361st in front of the 362nd 
through Epinonville, two battalions of the former in the front 
line with the remainder of the regiment in support. The 362nd 
formed the brigade reserve. This brigade passed through 
Epinonville, seized Les Epinettes Bois and the Bois de Cierges. 
During this advance Major Oscar F. Miller, leading the ad- 
vance battalion, 361st Infantry, was wounded three times be- 
fore he gave up. He died the next day. A Medal of Honor 
was awarded him and delivered to his widow, for his heroic 
conduct above and beyond duty. 

The 182nd Brigade, on the left, the 364th leading with two 
battalions in front line and remainder in support, pushed the 
attack, and again the troops were obliged to work well out of 
their sector and into the zone of the 35th Division on their left, 
in order to overcome machine gun nests that were taking them 
in flank. Starting from their line south of and roughly parallel 
to the Eclisfontaine-Varennes road, they reached the road and 
Eclisfontaine without great opposition, but were there held by 
fire from Serieux Farm on their left and from Les Bouleaux 
Bois, into which the enemy had returned during the night. It 
was noon before the farm was captured and the woods were 

[30] 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

again thoroughly cleared. Then came the task of taking Ex- 
morieux Farm, a strong center of resistance that was causing 
great trouble. This accomplished, the attack of the 364th and 
363rd pressed on, took the Bois de Baulny, Tronsol Farm and 
the slope north of the latter. 

During the day, while the 364th had been pushing to the 
north, the 363rd had been drawn more and more into a north- 
westerly course, into the zone of the 35th Division. The neces- 
sity of taking Serieux Farm had inaugurated this movement, 
and the loss of touch with the 35th Division on the left had 
made it imperative to hold the ever-lengthening flank exposed 
by the advance of the 364th. Thus at nightfall the 363rd, in 
contact in the neighborhood of Tronsol Farm with the 364th, 
was facing almost due west and was reaching out, so to speak, 
to the southwest for contact with the 35th Division. Contact 
was reported with the 35th Division that afternoon, but the 
troops proved to be a combat liaison group, the main body of 
the 35th Division being farther south. 

The 91st Division, as far back as Serieux Farm, was ex- 
posed to attack from the west, and as far back as the southern 
edge of Bois Emont, to attack from the east. Much machine 
gun fire came from Bois Emont and artillery fire from Cierges 
and Grange aux Bois Farm. 

On the right of the 91st sector somewhat the same con- 
dition pertained. The 361st, having taken the Bois de Cierges, 
gained contact on its left with the 364th; but its right was in 
the air, the left regiment of the 37th Division being still south 
of the Bois Emont, although it had been reported that the 37th 
had taken Cierges at noon that day. The 362nd, however, lay 
behind the 361st and was so placed as to repel any attempt to 
encircle our advanced units. Headquarters had moved to 
Epinonville in the early afternoon and the Division reserve dug 
itself in at the orchard southwest of Epinonville. 

The artillery fire had become much more severe from morn- 
ing on; it continued throughout the night. A heavy rain had 
also come on and increased as darkness closed in. The men had 
been fighting steadily for three days, had had no blankets to 
protect them from the cold September nights, and because of 
their rapid advance it had been impossible to serve them any hot 
food since before the jump-off. The first ambulances reached 

[31] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

the Division P. C. on the 29th at Epinonville. To that time, 
trucks and wagons at night were the only transportation for the 
wounded. They had been caught in the jammed Avocourt- 
Very road behind artillery, trucks, etc. There were not 
sufficient ambulances to evacuate wounded until September 30. 
During the first four days men who could walk found their 
way back to our or other field hospitals, but others were 
sheltered in German dugouts subject to shell fire and fed as 
well as circumstances permitted. Some merely sat against trees, 
waiting for transportation. The Division on the 29th, however, 
showed how little the soldiers of the 91st were affected by the 
conditions. 

Fourth Day, September 29 

At 23 o'clock (11 p.m.), September 28, the Corps Com- 
mander directed renewal of the attack at 7 a. m. the next day, 
adding : "2. Divisions will advance independently of each other, 
pushing the attack with utmost vigor and regardless of cost." 
The 91st Division obeyed this order on that memorable Sunday 
with renewed energy and inspiration, believing each division 
would be prompted by the same impulse to "do or die" for the 
Fifth Corps which inspired the 91st when assigned the im- 
portant task of "carrying the ball through the center of the 
First American Army." Division orders at 23 :30 o'clock 
directed heavy artillery fire on Gesnes, support of each brigade 
by a light regiment (75's), and advance by each brigade in its 
proper zone toward the American Army objective (line of hills 
north of the Gesnes-Exermont road). 

On request of the Commander of the 182nd Brigade, the 
1st Battalion, 316th Engineers, was ordered to join that brigade 
by 4 o'clock, September 29. 

At 17 :36 o'clock, September 28, the Corps Chief of Staff had 
informed the 91st Division that the 35th Division was in 
Exermont. 

The 362nd Infantry passed through the 361st, moving at 
7 o'clock north through Bois de Cierges toward Gesnes. Reach- 
ing a line abreast of Grange aux Bois Farm, the 362nd received 
artillery and machine gun fire from that place (in zone of the 
37th Division) and from hills northeast and northwest of 
Gesnes. It was forced to retire to positions held all night by 

[32] 




The tozvn of J 'cry 




Looking north toward Epinonville Ridge, showing ground held by 
iSist Brigade, September 26-jy, igi8. Taken from Tranchee de 
Crocodile, one-half kilometer south of Epinonville. 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

the 361st. At 10 o'clock advance was renewed with similar 
check and retreat. The 181st Brigade was then ordered by 
the Division Commander to take Grange aux Bois Farm to 
cover the right flank of the Division. With the help of accom- 
panying guns, 122nd Field Artillery, machine guns, etc., a bat- 
talion of the 361st Infantry occupied this farm. Another 
covered the right flank, facing Bois Emont. 

Major George W. Farwell, 361st Infantry, was fatally 
wounded in this operation. A Distinguished Service Cross was 
awarded later and delivered to his widow. 

The 363rd Infantry, with two companies of the 316th Engi- 
neers, was directed to pass through the 364th and to cross the 
open ground north of Bois de Baulny. It was checked at the 
road Tronsol Farm-Grange aux Bois Farm by fire from the 
latter place. This resulted in orders from the Division Com- 
mander to the 181st Brigade to take Grange aux Bois Farm, as 
mentioned above. 

Some of the 364th remained unrelieved at the north edge of 
Bois de Baulny. Lieut. Colonel Mudgett, commanding the 
364th, was severely wounded about noon, Major Gregory suc- 
ceeding to command. Major A. B. Richardson, commanding 
1st Battalion of the 364th, was wounded during the afternoon. 

Holding Tronsol Farm, just in zone of the 35th Division, 
and Grange aux Bois Farm, just in zone of 37th Division, the 
91st at 14:30 o'clock was ready to advance farther. Both 
farms were to be held. The 181st Brigade was directed to 
advance toward Gesnes, and the 182nd Brigade, as soon as its 
right was covered by the 181st Brigade, to advance across the 
Exermont-Gesnes road toward the American Army objective. 

The Commanding General of the 181st Brigade at 15:30 
o'clock reported that the 74th Brigade (37th Division) had 
retired at 14:10 o'clock south and east of Bois Emont. Never- 
theless, he directed his brigade, less two battalions of the 361st 
protecting his right, to take Gesnes. The 362nd Infantry, in 
three lines, with two companies of the 347th Machine Gun 
Battalion, advanced, Colonel J. H. Parker leading the advance 
battalion. The 2nd Battalion, 361st, followed the 362nd. 
Artillery preparation preceded the attack, and a rolling barrage 
preceded the leading battalion. 

It was met from the jump-ofT by a terrific artillery counter- 

[33] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

barrage, accompanied by the hardest sort of machine gun fire 
from the front and right flank. It went forward grimly, 
nevertheless, passed across the open field, and in spite of large 
casualties reached Gesnes and drove out the enemy, one bat- 
talion of the 362nd reaching Hill 255. The 2nd Battalion, 361st 
Infantry, passed beyond the town and up the slopes to the 
northwest, reaching the army objective behind the battalion of 
the 362nd. At nightfall this position was being consolidated, 
and the 361st, less one battalion, was covering the exposed 
right flank where it was severely pounded by artillery from the 
northeast. 

During the afternoon of this day conditions on the left of 
the Division were becoming alarming. A great concentration 
of Germans was reported at Exermont. The 70th Brigade, 
35th Division, on the left, had fallen back toward Baulny and 
almost reached that place at 15:50 o'clock. Furthermore, 
bodies of German troops were actually beginning to emerge 
from a wood on our left flank. The guns of the 348th Machine 
Gun Battalion, posted south of Tronsol Farm, instantly caught 
and broke up this gathering and a counter-attack by our 
engineers temporarily assured the safety of the flank. At the 
same time, some troops of the 182nd Brigade pushed forward 
to the north, and patrols crossed the Gesnes creek and reached 
the south edge of the Bois de la Morine, close to the extreme 
left of the 362nd. 

Just before news of this success (by runner from Major 
Bradbury near Gesnes) reached the Division Commander he 
received report from the 91st Division liaison officer at Head- 
quarters, 35th Division (Cheppy), of the retirement of the 
70th Brigade to Baulny, and that the Commanding General of 
the 35th Division was returning to Cheppy. The 74th Brigade, 
37th Division, had been seen retiring about noon toward Ivoiry. 
Thus, if the remainder of the infantry, 91st Division, moved 
forward to join the advance elements at the American Army 
objective, there would remain insufficient support for the 
remainder of the 58th Field Artillery Brigade, still in the ravine 
south of Epinonville, and the line of communication through 
Epinonville and Very might be cut by German forces on our 
left, driving the 70th Brigade to Baulny, and the German forces 
in Bois Emont and Cierges on our right, which had repulsed 

[34] 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

and driven back the 74th Brigade, 37th Division. The advance j 
elements of the 91st Division were four kilometers ahead of 
the 74th Brigade on their right and about six kilometers ahead 
of the 70th Brigade on their left. Message was sent to the 
Commanding General, 35th Division, asking him to cover the 
58th Field Artillery Brigade and the Epinonville-Very road. 
Liaison officer of the 91st Division reported the Commanding 
General, 35th Division, could not, as he was asking help from 
divisions on his right and left. Message was sent by an aide 
to Commanding General, 37th Division, asking him to order 
the 74th Brigade forward to occupy Bois Emont, or at least to 
resume its morning positions so as to permit all the 91st ; 
Division infantry to occupy the army objective then held by 
only two battalions. The Commanding General, 74th Brigade, 
at Ivoiry, to whom the message was shown, said his brigade 
had suffered fifty per cent loss, and he could not make it go 
forward. Later, the Commanding General, 37th Division, sent 
message that his division could not move up to support the 
91st Division or cover its right flank. 

Orders were then sent to prevent the 361st and 364th 
advances, and to elements farther ahead to hold their positions. 
The situation was reported to Headquarters, Fifth Corps, and 
permission received to hold any positions deemed suitable 
which could be held. As the entire infantry of the 91st 
Division could not be advanced to the hills north of Gesnes, it 
was necessary to order withdrawal of the advanced elements 
of each brigade to the line along the northern border of the 
.Bois de Baulny and Bois de Cierges, holding the two farms 
named above as centers of resistance. 

A glance at the map will show the actual extent of our front 
at dark on the 29th. Instead of a scant two kilometers (the 
width of the division sector just north of Gesnes) which the 
91st would have been responsible for if its neighbors had been 
abreast of it, the line ran from the middle of the east edge of 
the Bois de Cierges through Grange aux Bois Farm, up to and 
around Gesnes, across the south tip of the Bois de la Morine, 
south around Tronsol Farm, across the Ravine de la Mayche 
and again south as far as Serieux Farm, a total distance of 
eight kilometers. This was, of course, an impossible situation. 
Our attenuated line was open to attack from either flank and 

[35] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

we risked having our forward troops, or, indeed, the whole 
Division, cut off and surrounded. Orders were accordingly 
sent to the 362nd and 363rd to withdraw during the night. The 
Division reserve, consisting of only the 346th Machine Gun 
Battalion, was placed on the road toward Serieux Farm to 
cover the artillery and road to Very, thus assuring the safety 
of the left flank. Before morning a new and shorter line of 
resistance, ordered by Headquarters, Fifth Corps, was organ- 
ized. It ran from the middle of the Bois de Cierges southwest 
through Les Bouleaux Bois. The dearly won terrain to the 
north of this line was not, however, entirely given up, as troops 
still held Grange aux Bois Farm, Bois de Cierges, Bois de 
Baulny, Tronsol Farm and the country from there south to 
Serieux Farm. Our patrols guarded the country up to Gesnes 
and the enemy never again re-entered that town in force. All 
through the night of September 29-30 wounded were carried 
back to Bois de Cierges. 

This attack was very costly to the 362nd Infantry. Colonel 
Parker and Major Bradbury of the 362nd were wounded, a 
number of valuable officers were killed, the total loss of the 
regiment in killed and wounded being at least five hundred. 
On the night of September 29 a few rolling kitchens per regi- 
ment were drawn up into the woods. The men were able, in 
turn, to go back to the kitchens and get the first warm food 
they had had since the evening of September 25. It was 
impossible to use these kitchens in the daytime without exposing 
the vicinity to heavy shell fire. Some of the men serving the 
kitchens were killed and wounded, and some men going to the 
kitchens for hot coffee were wounded, but the kitchens re- 
mained in the woods until the withdrawal on the morning of 
October 4. 

In four days the Division had lost 8 field and 125 company 
officers and 3,000 men. 

Fifth Day, September 30 

The line of resistance described above was ordered by the 
Headquarters, Fifth Corps, for possible defense against a 
strong force of enemy reported arriving at Exermont. The 
Division Commander directed that the 361st cover the line of 
surveillance in front of its brigade, and the 363rd the line of 

[361 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

surveillance in front of its brigade. The 362nd was assembled 
in a stone quarry north of Exmorieux Farm between the Bois 
de Cierges and the Bois de Baulny. At 3 o'clock that morning, 
while wounded were being evacuated from Gesnes, the Division 
received orders that the attack of the Fifth Corps would not 
be continued on September 30, but efforts would be made for 
resumption of the offensive on October 1. The Division reserve 
was placed near Eclisfontaine, and the battalion of engineers 
which had been with the 182nd Brigade rejoined the reserve, 
which then consisted of the 346th Machine Gun Battalion and 
the 316th Engineers (less one company, still engaged in repair- 
ing the road between Epinonville and Very). 

At 9 a. m., the Division Commander found only five hun- 
dred men of the 362nd present. Others rejoined from the 
Bois de Cierges during the day, and more wounded were car- 
ried that night from Gesnes, having concealed themselves in 
dugouts and cellars throughout the 30th. 

Lieut. Colonel L. C. Bennett, Division Quartermaster, was 
assigned to the 364th Infantry when Lieut. Colonel Mudgett 
was wounded on September 29, and joined the regiment in the 
afternoon of September 30 while it was establishing the defen- 
sive line prescribed by the Corps Commander. 

Colonel W. D. Davis, 361st Infantry, who had been wounded 
on September 28, still insisted on retaining command of his 
regiment and was coolly stationing his units on the line of 
surveillance with his arm in a sling. One battalion of the 
363rd Infantry, covering Bois de Baulny, lost ten per cent on 
this day. The 361st Infantry, finding the Bois de Cierges full 
of gas, moved forward to the ridge north of the Bois de Cierges, 
and occupied shell holes made by the German counter barrage 
on the 29th, but had no overhead shelter. Hostile artillery 
shelled the entire Division area from 10 o'clock this day until 
8 o'clock the next day. The 58th Field Artillery Brigade 
shelled Gesnes and the Gesnes-Exermont road, to prevent 
traffic, at intervals during the day. 

Sixth Day, October 1 

The 91st, having evacuated its wounded and rested and fed 
its men, was ready to advance again and orders therefor issued, 
but corps orders required that we wait till the 37th Division 

r 37 1 



THE 91st DIVISION 

had been relieved by the 32nd and the 35th by the 1st Division. 
During the day the lines of the 32nd could be seen advancing 
in brilliant form north of Ivoiry, having relieved the 37th 
Division units, and moving up into Bois Emont and east there- 
of. On the west, elements of the 1st Division advanced with 
equal brilliancy beyond the positions to which the 35th had 
retired, and combat liaison was established with the 1st Divi- 
sion near Serieux Farm. A combat liaison group from the 
182nd Brigade moving with a battalion of the 1st Division 
suffered heavy losses as it advanced. 

Many men were suffering from diarrhea due to exposure 
for five days without warm food or overcoats and blankets. 
Most officers and men had raincoats, and some had found 
German blankets in dugouts. The men built shelter from 
small-arms fire by excavating the northern edges of shell holes. 
But they were observed by hostile planes and subjected to 
heavy fire (shrapnel and shell) from German artillery in the 
Argonne and northeast of Gesnes. Although many casualties 
resulted the morale was undisturbed. 

Seventh Day, October 2 

Troops were still under orders to hold positions awaiting 
corps orders for attack. A hostile airplane was brought down 
by an Allied plane in front of the 364th Infantry. A machine 
gun company of this regiment in position west of Tronsol Farm 
fired on the enemy in front of the 1st Division as it was march- 
ing up on the left of the position held by the 91st. Troops 
were warned at 20 o'clock (8 p. m.) to be ready for advance 
on the morning of October 3. Other divisions not being ready 
the anticipated attack order was not issued. The Germans 
attempted to move two companies up the ravine west of Bois 
de Baulny, but machine gun fire turned down the ravine 
stopped the movement. The woods north of Tronsol Farm 
were cleaned up and occupied until the Division was relieved. 
On the right the advance of the 32nd Division through the 
Bois Emont protected the 91st from machine gun and snipers' 
fire, but all parts of the areas were subjected nearly all day to 
heavy artillery fire. 

After the armistice two chaplains with divisional burial 
parties were sent back to this zone from Belgium by truck to 

[381 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

search for graves of officers and men still carried as missing. 
One of these chaplains found on Hill 255 a German observation 
post from which every road in the Division zone as far as Very 
could be plainly seen and every house in Epinonville (Division 
Headquarters). At this time 2 colonels, 2 lieutenant colonels, 
8 majors and 123 company officers of infantry were required 
to replace officers killed and wounded during the six days of 
advance. The total casualties at that time amounted to nearly 
150 officers and 4,000 men. 

About 18 o'clock (6 p. m.) twenty-eight German bombing 
planes made a raid on the Division Headquarters, 58th Artillery 
Brigade, and some engineers in the ravine between Epinonville 
and Very. The first bomb dropped in front of the little brick 
cottage on the hill occupied by the Division Commander. It 
killed one orderly and wounded First Lieutenant A. S. Mac- 
Donnel, aide, and one enlisted man. Almost immediately there- 
after, hostile artillery shelled Division Headquarters and the 
ravine occupied by the artillery and engineers. Our losses were 
35 killed and 115 wounded, in one hour. Although anti-aircraft 
guns and machine guns from reserve fired upon these bombing 
planes, none of them fell in our zone. This happened about 
half an hour after a squadron of Allied planes had passed over 
Division Headquarters moving toward the Argonne Forest. It 
is no reflection upon our air service that such a raid was 
possible. It was realized by Division Headquarters that it was 
impracticable to have Allied airplanes over the Division con- 
stantly. They frequently passed over the zone of the Division 
and almost invariably German planes returned half an hour 
after the Allied planes had left. 

The Division P. C. had been located in a splinter-proof on 
the north slope of a depression where it was protected from 
artillery fire on the south, but not from the north. It was 
utilized mainly for protection from rain and was one of the 
few shelters in Epinonville available. Almost all houses had 
been destroyed. This splinter-proof was struck at 21 o'clock 
(9 p. m.) by high explosive entering the room occupied as 
"message center," killing two men, liaison runners, and wound- 
ing two officers and one man. This man later died. One of 
the officers wounded was liaison officer from the 1st Division. 
The other officer was in charge of the message center for the 

[39] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

night. About this time another high-explosive shell hit the 
stone ruins in which members of the Headquarters Troop and 
horses were sheltered, killing seven horses. Division P. C. 
with telephone switchboard was then moved to a cellar under a 
ruined building in Epinonville, which had since the 29th been 
used as Headquarters, 58th Artillery Brigade. The German 
dugouts along the Epinonville-Eclisfontaine road which had 
been functioning since the night of the 29th of September as 
First Aid station operated by the 363rd Ambulance Company, 
were not struck, although plainly exposed to fire from the north. 

Eighth Day, October 3 

There was little hostile activity until 10:40 o'clock. From 
that time until 20 o'clock hostile artillery was more violent than 
at any time during the previous engagement. This was doubt- 
less due to observation by the enemy that divisions on the right 
and left of the 91st had been relieved, and the enemy was 
undoubtedly shelling the entire front of the Fifth Corps as well 
as the First Corps to cover the withdrawal or break-up forma- 
tion of the relieving divisions. Throughout the past few days 
the plank road between Very and Epinonville received high- 
explosive shells frequently, and two companies of engineers 
were kept busy repairing holes in order that rations and ammu- 
nition might go forward at night and the wounded be evacuated 
to the rear, either by ambulance, truck or wagon. Three ambu- 
lance companies were at established stations along the ravine 
from Epinonville to the south. Field hospitals were in the 
neighborhood of Very and east thereof. Machine guns of the 
346th Machine Gun Battalion from the orchard near Epinon- 
ville frequently fired upon hostile planes. The 32nd Division 
relieved a battalion of the 361st Infantry which had held 
Grange aux Bois Farm since September 29. By this time the 
361st Infantry had lost 36 officers and 793 men. 

The 362nd Infantry after retiring from Gesnes had held 
the stone quarry between the 181st and 182nd Brigades and on 
the line of resistance the Division was ordered to hold. Lieut. 
Colonel J. B. Woolnough had succeeded to command of that 
regiment after Colonel Parker was wounded. The regiment 
was unable to advance under the corps order, but suffered 
heavy losses because of lack of overhead shelter. 

[40] 



iM- 




La Neuve Grange Farm from Hill 197. La Neuve Grange Farm is 
approximately two and one-half kilometers northw&s-t of Vauquois 
Mountain. <**+ 




Panorama from German strong point south of Epinonville. Taken 
about one-fourth kilometer south of Epinonville. 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

Later in the afternoon instructions were received from 
Headquarters, Fifth Corps, stating that the 91st Division, less 
the 58th Artillery Brigade, would be relieved by midnight, by 
an extension of front of the 32nd Division toward the west. 
The 91st Division was ordered to assemble as corps reserve at 
Bois de Very and Bois de Cheppy, south of the Cheppy-Mont- 
faucon road. The 91st Division units were moved straight to 
the rear after being relieved, leaving the roads and trails at the 
disposal of the 32nd Division. The Commanding General of 
the 64th Brigade reached the headquarters of the 91st Division 
about 6 p. m. and guides from all units of the 91st Division 
were assembled there by dark, to conduct units of the 64th 
Brigade to positions held by the 91st Division. This movement 
seemed to be suspected by the enemy, as all roads and especially 
road crossings were subjected to heavy artillery fire throughout 
the night. 

Ninth Day, October 4 

At 4 o'clock the 64th Brigade reported that all units of the 
91st Division had been relieved. Division Headquarters then 
moved back to Very crossroads. A general attack had been 
ordered for about 5 o'clock. The complete relief of the 181st, 
however, was not effected until 9:30 o'clock. During the 
morning of the 4th the 3rd Battalion of the 363rd was relieved, 
and by noon of the 4th the elements of the 363rd Infantry and 
348th Machine Gun Battalion still holding the lines of surveil- 
lance in front of the Boix de Baulny and at Tronsol Farm were 
relieved. During the morning the elements which had not been 
relieved remained at their posts until relieved, notwithstanding 
they knew they should have been relieved at midnight. The 
German artillery fire directed against the general advance of 
the First and Fifth Corps caused fifty casualties in the 91st 
Division on October 4. By afternoon of that date the units 
had been assembled in the woods designated above. It was 
possible to supply all with warm food, mail from the States 
was distributed and the men rested, although under long-range 
artillery fire. 

On October 5 and 6 the Division rested as corps reserve, 
and arms and other equipment lost in action were largely 
replaced. 

[41] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

On the afternoon of Sunday, October 6, order were received 
for the Division to march to Dombasle and Jouy en Argonne, 
which places were south of the Fifth Corps Headquarters. The 
march was necessarily to be conducted at night, leaving Ravin 
de la Fuon by 19 o'clock. After the 182nd Brigade had formed 
for the night march, orders were received from Headquarters, 
Fifth Corps, to detach one infantry brigade, leaving it in its 
present position and reporting it to the Chief of Staff, First 
Army Corps, for further orders. From that time until the 
181st Brigade rejoined the Division on October 16, at Revigny, 
that brigade, as will be later described, served with the 1st 
Division, First Corps, and the 32nd Division, Fifth Corps, and 
later with the 1st Division, Fifth Corps. The remainder of the 
Division on October 9, 10 and 11 marched south to the Nettan- 
court area headquarters at Contrisson. 



[42] 



CHAPTER IV 

SECOND PARTICIPATION OF 181ST BRIGADE ASSIGNMENT TO FIRST DIVISION 

HEAVY CASUALTIES SUFFERED COMMENDATION BY COMMANDING GENERAL, FIFTH ARMY 

CORPS COMMENDATION BY COMMANDING GENERAL, FIRST DIVISION HOSTILE UNITS 

MATERIEL CAPTURED 

The 181st Brigade, having been left at the Bois de Cheppy 
the Commanding general, First Army Corps, was later 
on the night of October 6-7 under orders to report to 
placed, October 7, under the Fifth Army Corps. A letter from 
the Commanding General, Fifth Corps, attached one regiment 
of infantry and the brigade machine gun battalion to the 32nd 
Division and the remaining regiment of infantry to the 1st 
Division. The units attached to the 32nd Division were ordered 
to take up positions on the left of the line occupied by that 
division to relieve elements of the 32nd Division northwest of 
Gesnes in the Bois de Chene-sec. The 362nd Infantry was 
ordered to take position in Le Bouleaux Bois as Division 
reserve. These movements were accomplished during the night 
of October 7-8. The Brigade Commander reported to the 
Commanding General, Fifth Corps, for further orders, as 
result of which he reported to the Commanding General, 1st 
Division. At 18 o'clock, October 8, the 362nd Infantry (and 
the 1st Division as well) passed to the control and direction of 
the Fifth Army Corps, and the entire Brigade was assigned by 
the Fifth Corps to the 1st Division. Brigade Headquarters 
were established at Eclisfontaine. Thus, this brigade of the 
91st Division, after two days' rest, found itself back in the line 
between the 1st Division and the 32nd Division, in front of the 
position formerly held by the 182nd Brigade. 

The brigade was not to advance unless specially ordered to 
do so. It developed that, while the portion of the line turned 

[43] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

over to the 181st Brigade by relieved elements of the 32nd 
Division was supposed to be the line from Hill 269 to Hill 255 
(on American Army objective formerly reached by the 91st 
Division, September 29), the elements of the 32nd Division 
relieved were actually on a line one and one-half kilometers 
south of the line joining those two crests, both of which were 
highly organized and defended by machine gun nests. Some 
machine gun positions were at the mouths of tunnels opening 
out of the southern slopes of the hills. A strong concrete 
blockhouse was discovered just to the north of Hill 255. The 
defenses of both hills flanked the approaches to each other and 
were protected by well-directed artillery barrage from the 
north. General McDonald personally reconnoitered the situa- 
tion, and after ascertaining that the line he was supposed to 
hold could only be taken by advancing while the 1st Division 
attacked on his left and the 32nd on his right, he was then 
ordered by the Commanding General, 1st Division, to advance, 
seize and hold the line indicated, at "H" hour, October 9. The 
361st Infantry and the 347th Machine Gun Battalion advanced 
at 9 :40 o'clock, October 9, the right assault battalion reaching 
the base of Hill 255 under heavy artillery and machine gun fire 
from the two crests north of them. Many casualties were suf- 
fered. At 1 1 o'clock wounded men from the right flank combat 
liaison detachment reported that the 125th Infantry (32nd 
Division), on the right of the 181st Brigade, had not advanced 
abreast of them. Further advance being impossible the new 
line was held, the men digging in and waiting until the resist- 
ance from Hills 269 and 255 could be reduced by artillery. 
Meanwhile Hill 269 was reconnoitered by patrols and was 
attacked by the 1st Battalion, 361st Infantry. The crest was 
seized and held at 16 o'clock. Under artillery-fire protection 
the 3rd Battalion, 361st Infantry, seized Hill 255, after fighting 
all afternoon, about 18 o'clock and dug in. During the night 
of October 9-10 the concrete blockhouse on the northern slope 
of Hill 255 continued to harass the troops. The attack orders 
from the 1st Division assigned to the 181st Brigade the thor- 
ough mopping up of the triangular sector with the line Hills 
255-269 as a base and La Tuilerie Farm as apex, at which latter 
point the boundaries of the 1st and 32nd Divisions joined, con- 
verging on it from the south and southwest respectively. 

[44] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

over to the 181st Brigade by relieved elements of the 32nd 
Division was supposed to be the line from Hill 269 to Hill 255 
(on American Army objective formerly reached by the 91st 
Division, September 29), the elements of the 32nd Division 
relieved were actually on a line one and one-half kilometers 
south of the line joining those two crests, both of which were 
highly organized and defended by machine gun nests. Some 
machine gun positions were at the mouths of tunnels opening 
out of the southern slopes of the hills. A strong concrete 
blockhouse was discovered just to the north of Hill 255. The 
defenses of both hills flanked the approaches to each other and 
were protected by well-directed artillery barrage from the 
north. General McDonald personally reconnoitered the situa- 
tion, and after ascertaining that the line he was supposed to 
hold could only be taken by advancing while the 1st Division 
attacked on his left and the 32nd on his right, he was then 
ordered by the Commanding General, 1st Division, to advance, 
seize and hold the line indicated, at "H" hour, October 9. The 
361st Infantry and the 347th Machine Gun Battalion advanced 
at 9 :40 o'clock, October 9, the right assault battalion reaching 
the base of Hill 255 under heavy artillery and machine gun fire 
from the two crests north of them. Many casualties were suf- 
fered. At 11 o'clock wounded men from the right flank combat 
liaison detachment reported that the 125th Infantry (32nd 
Division), on the right of the 181st Brigade, had not advanced 
abreast of them. Further advance being impossible the new 
line was held, the men digging in and waiting until the resist- 
ance from Hills 269 and 255 could be reduced by artillery. 
Meanwhile Hill 269 was reconnoitered by patrols and was 
attacked by the 1st Battalion, 361st Infantry. The crest was 
seized and held at 16 o'clock. Under artillery-fire protection 
the 3rd Battalion, 361st Infantry, seized Hill 255, after fighting 
all afternoon, about 18 o'clock and dug in. During the night 
of October 9-10 the concrete blockhouse on the northern slope 
of Hill 255 continued to harass the troops. The attack orders 
from the 1st Division assigned to the 181st Brigade the thor- 
ough mopping up of the triangular sector with the line Hills 
255-269 as a base and La Tuilerie Farm as apex, at which latter 
point the boundaries of the 1st and 32nd Divisions joined, con- 
verging on it from the south and southwest respectively. 

[44] 




Jump-off of gist Division in Argonne offensive, September 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

Liaison with both divisions was established before "H" hour, 
and during the morning of October 10 the line between Hills 
269 and 255 was taken by the 361st Infantry, reinforced by six 
companies of the 362nd Infantry, both crests being entirely 
cleared of the enemy. At 11 o'clock General McDonald received 
a report from Headquarters, 1st Division, that troops of that 
division were in liaison with the 32nd Division at La Tuilerie 
Farm, said to be actually occupied by the 32nd Division. This 
left for the 181st Brigade the apparently simple problem of 
mopping up the triangle to the apex. The occupation of La 
Tuilerie Farm was apparently incorrect. At any rate, a for- 
midable center of resistance was encountered on Hill 288, run- 
ning over the crest of this hill in a general east and west line, 
a horseshoe-shaped defensive position chiefly organized from a 
sunken road with sheer walls between twenty and thirty feet 
high ; perfectly concealed machine gun positions, tunneled from 
the south slope to the road to the south slope of the crest, 
enabled hostile machine gun fire not only to sweep the line of 
the 181st Brigade, but to enfilade the lines of the 1st and 32nd 
Divisions on its flanks. During the night of October 10-11 the 
181st Brigade remained about 400 meters south of the crest of 
Hill 288. 

At 21 o'clock, October 10, the 181st Brigade was trans- 
ferred from the 1st Division to the command of the 32nd 
Division ; and orders from the latter division directed a renewal 
of the attack on October 11, the 181st Brigade to attack on the 
left of the 32nd Division. Although the attack was initiated, 
little advance was made; the defenses of Hill 288 proved too 
great an obstacle for the combined efforts of the 181st Brigade 
and the divisions on the right and left of it. A concentration 
of heavy artillery was put down for fifty minutes, 13 o'clock to 
13 :50 o'clock. Major Hanson, 347th Machine Gun Battalion, 
went forward with patrols after the artillery concentration and 
reported that no material effect had been gained against the 
defenses of Hill 288, only a few shells of small caliber falling 
on positions. During the night of October 11-12 units of the 
181st Brigade were relieved by units of the 32nd Division, 
relief being completed at 9 o'clock, October 12. 

During this second participation by the 181st Brigade in the 
Meuse-Argonne its officers and men were operating under 

[45] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

adverse conditions. They had had but two nights' sleep between 
the two participations, and many of the men were weakened by 
diarrhea. Most of the men had not yet received blankets or 
winter underwear, or any change of clothing. Nevertheless, 
there was no indication of faltering or weakening on the part 
of officers or men. 

After relief, the brigade marched to rejoin the remainder 
of the Division via Dombasle (morning of October 13), Ippe- 
court (October 14), Lamermont Farm (October 15), Revigny 
(October 16). 

During the participation of the 91st Division in the Meuse- 
Argonne, the following casualties were suffered: 

Killed Wounded Total 

Officers 39 168 207 

Men 980 3,748 4,728 



1,019 3,916 4,935 

Note. — This does not include casualties in the 58th and 158th Field 
Artillery Brigade, nor in the auxiliary arms attached. When the 91st 
Division attacked, September 26, its total strength, including noncom- 
batant arms, was a little less than 20,000. Hence the number killed and 
wounded represented about one-fourth of the Division, during seventeen 
days' engagement. 

According to the records of the Division, only eleven men 
were captured by the Germans during the Meuse-Argonne, and 
one man later in Belgium. The Central Records Office, 
A. E. F., on June 3, made a report showing that the 91st Divi- 
sion had lost twenty-eight men captured. Although application 
was made to the Adjutant General of the Army for the names 
of men in excess of twelve reported alleged to have been cap- 
tured, the Division Commander was informed that no general 
compilation had been made at the War Department, and the 
records of the American Expeditionary Forces, then en route 
to the United States, had not been received. The only expla- 
nation for this discrepancy is that men formerly with the 91st 
Division who had been evacuated to the rear, or had lost their 
way, might, after being relieved from hospitals, have rejoined 
other divisions after the 91st Division was transferred to Bel- 
gium. These sixteen men whose names have not been procured 
may possibly, after recovering from wounds and rejoining 

[46] 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

other divisions, have been captured. According to the records 
of the Division, however, twelve men known to have been cap- 
tured were returned after the armistice. 

The following letter of recognition from the Commanding 
General of the Fifth Army Corps was received by the Division 
Commander during the night of October 3-4, while relief by 
the 32nd Division was being effected : 

Headquarters Fifth Army Corps 
American Expeditionary Forces 

France, 3rd October, 1918. 

From: Commanding General, V Army Corps. 
To: Commanding General, 91st Division. 

Subject: Relief of 91st Division. 

Under orders from the First Army, the 91st Division will be relieved 
from the front line tonight and placed in Corps Reserve. 

The Corps Commander wishes you to understand that this relief 
results solely from a realization by higher command that your Division 
has done its full share in the recent success, and is entitled to a rest for 
reorganization. This especially as, during the past three days, it has 
incurred heavy casualties when circumstances would not permit either 
advance or withdrawal. 

At a time when the divisions on its flanks were faltering and even j 
falling back, the 91st pushed ahead and steadfastly clung to every yard I 
gained. 

In its initial performance, your Division has established itself firmly 
in the list of the Commander-in-Chiefs reliable fighting units. Please 
extend to your officers and men my appreciation of their splendid 
behavior and my hearty congratulations on the brilliant record they 
have made. 

George H. Cameron, 
Major General, Commanding. 



[47] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

From the Commanding General, 1st Division, was received 
the following letter in appreciation of the services of the 181st 
Infantry Brigade : 

Headquarters First Division 
American Expeditionary Forces 

France, October 12, 1918. 

From: Chief of Staff, 1st Division. 

To: Commanding General, 181st Infantry Brigade. 

Subject: Appreciation of Services. 

1. The Commanding General, 1st Division, wishes me to express to 
you and to the officers and men of your command his appreciation and 
the appreciation of this division for the services rendered by the 181st 
Infantry Brigade while attached to the 1st Division during the opera- 
tions between the Argonne and the Meuse, October, 1918. 

2. This division as a whole fully appreciated the difficulties of the 
position of your brigade. Fatigued by a week's combat and forced by 
the necessities of the situation to re-enter the battle under the staff and 
with the artillery support of another division, the willingness and 
energy with which you executed the missions assigned to you are worthy 
of the best traditions of the service. 

J. N. Greely, 
Chief of Staff. 

The following notes on enemy order of battle are drawn 
from incomplete sources, the German orders captured, while 
the 91st was in line, not yet being available. They are based 
on prisoner identifications, made during the fighting, the rapid 
questioning possible at the time, and upon certain inferences 
which may safely be drawn from the current of events. 

Opposite our front on the morning of September 26 lay 
(west to east) the 2nd Guard Regiment, 1st Guard Regiment, 
both of the 1st Guard Division, and the 157th Regiment of the 
117th Division. Farther to the east was the 450th Regiment 
of the 117th Division (prisoners from that unit were brought 
to our cage by soldiers of the 37th American Division). Judg- 
ing from the sequence in which prisoners arrived, from their 
statements and from a few captured documents, it is clear that 
the three battalions of each regiment were echeloned in depth 
with the support battalions drawn in fairly close, possibly as 
far as the subsidiary defenses which lay between the Hagen 

[48] 




Dugout, used as Division P. C, which was struck by shell. This build- 
ing was used as 91st Division P. C. from September 28 to October 3, 
1918. Taken at Epinonville. 



■'■'" : :' - 



•v^fi 




Kit ins in town of Cicrges 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

Stellung (middle of Cheppy Woods) and the Volker Stellung 
(Epinonville-Eclisfontaine line). Our actual front, then, was 
held by one battalion of the 1st Guard Regiment and one of 
the 157th Regiment, with our extreme left opposing the extreme 
left of one battalion of the 2nd Guard Regiment. In reserve, 
behind the 1st Guard Division, was the 5th Guard Division, and 
behind the 117th Division seem to have been attached Land- 
strum battalions — Reutlingen and Gottingen. 

From the number of prisoners captured and from the fact 
that it was soonest reinforced, it would appear that our blow 
fell most heavily upon the 1st Guard Regiment, for by the late 
afternoon of the 26th our left, south of Eclisfontaine, was 
encountering elements of two new regiments (20th Infantry 
and 3rd Grenadier) of the 5th Guard Division. 

During the fighting of the 26th and 28th, while we were 
forcing our way up to and through the woods defending the 
rear of the Volker Stellung, the battle order of the enemy was 
much confused. We took prisoners from the original front- 
line regiments, the reinforcing 5th Guard Division, and also 
men from a new unit, the 212th Reserve Regiment, 45th 
Reserve Division (September 27, Eclisfontaine). It is obvious 
that the enemy was not sure of the line-up of his own troops, 
reserves having been thrown in here and there and having 
become mixed with groups of the original defenders. It is 
equally certain, however, that during these two days he took 
advantage of our partial check to reorganize, to draw together 
the scattered parts of his various regiments, and to present 
again on September 29 a more orderly line. This was done by 
withdrawing the entirely exhausted 1st Guard and 117th Divi- 
sions, and by moving to the west the 5th Guard and 45th 
Reserve Divisions. A new line, along our front at least, was 
based on the Kriemhilde Stellung and its forward zone was 
taken over by fresh troops, the 243rd Regiment of the 
53rd Reserve Division and the 173rd Regiment of the 115th 
Division. 

Our attack of September 29 netted us prisoners from these 
two units ; w r e found that they had both been brought in hastily 
during the two preceding days, the former from Buzancy 
(where it had been in process of dissolution) and the latter 
from Etain, east of the Meuse, via Dun. Renewed American 

[49] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

pressure on September 29 and the shrinkage of effectives forced 
a still further strengthening of the line, and another new divi- 
sion, the 52nd, appeared during the night of the 29th-30th. It 
appears from statements of prisoners of this division that 
some of its elements entered a gap and did not relieve other 
troops. 

During the period of inaction which the 91st was forced to 
undergo from September 30 to October 3, the enemy was 
enabled to organize his badly strained front beyond Gesnes and 
in the Bois de la Morine. Each night our patrols heard sounds 
of digging along the hostile outposts and each day air reports 
indicated new emplacements and deepened trenches. When 
the 91st was finally relieved, there were in line opposite its 
general front the 173rd and 171st Regiments of the 115th 
Division and the 170th Regiment of the 52nd Division. 

In addition to the above major units, prisoners were taken 
from the following attached and subsidiary groups : 

233rd Pioneer Company — attached to 117th Division. 

Landstrum Battalion, "Reutlingen" — attached to 117th Di- 
vision. 

Landstrum Battalion, "Gottingen" — attached to 117th Divi- 
sion. 

1st Guard F. A. Regiment — attached to 1st Guard Division. 

Foot Artillery Battery No. 88 — attached to 1st Guard Divi- 
sion. 

Foot Artillery Battery No. 964 — attached to 1st Guard Di- 
vision. 

Landwehr Foot Artillery Battalion No. 54 — corps artillery. 

Schallmess Truppe No. 57 — sound and flash ranging. 

Sachrichten Abteilung No. 9 — signal-liaison detachments. 

Starkstrohm Co. No. 128 — electric power company. 

Wirtschaft Co. No. 163 — commissary troops. 

Armierung Battalion No. 185 — ordnance troops. 

Feldbahnbetrief Abteilung — narrow-gauge railway troops. 

The total of prisoners passed through the 91st Division 
cage was 11 officers and 2,360 men. This summary does not 
include captures made by the 181st Infantry Brigade during its 
second participation, as those prisoners passed through the 
cages of the 1st and 32nd Divisions. 

[SO] 



THE MEUSE-ARGONNE OFFENSIVE 

The following are the approximate quantities of hostile 
material taken by the 91st Division during the Meuse-Argonne : 
440 Machine Guns 
24 Field Guns, caliber 77 
1 Field Gun, caliber 105 
6 Field Guns, caliber 150 
5 Minnewerfers 
500 Rifles, Mauser 
266 Rifles, Luger 
46 Pairs Field Glasses 
1,105,000 Rounds Rifle Ammunition 
963,000 Rounds Machine Gun Ammunition, in belts 
12,000 Rounds Field Gun Ammunition, Caliber 77 
1 Tank 
5,000 Hand Grenades 



51 



CHAPTER V 

REPLACEMENTS RECEIVED IN FLANDERS WELCOMED BY KING ALBERT DISPOSI- 
TIONS FOR ATTACK TERRAIN EAST OF LYS 

On arrival at the Nettancourt area (Division Headquar- 
ters at Contrisson) 7 officers and about 4,000 men from 
the 85th Division joined as replacements. These men 
had been exposed to influenza and many were suffering from 
the disease. The medical officers advised that they be cared 
for in separate towns in the billeting area in order to prevent 
spread of the disease throughout the Division. It was neces- 
sary to detail Lieut. Colonel A. D. Cummings, and a number 
of second lieutenants recently appointed from the corps schools, 
besides other officers of the Division, to care for these 4,000 
new men. Although they were assigned on paper to various 
units, they were not permitted to join, excepting those for the 
182nd Infantry Brigade. Orders were received permitting cer- 
tain men to go to leave areas. Winter underwear was issued to 
the 182nd Brigade and the replacements. One detachment of 
250 men for leave area had left by train on the morning of 
October 15, and some officers and men, hearing that the division 
was in the neighborhood, escaped from hospitals and rejoined, 
believing themselves sufficiently recovered from wounds and 
anxious to avoid being evacuated farther to the rear. Some 
additional equipment was received, but the wants of the 181st 
Infantry Brigade could not be ascertained as they were still 
three days' march from Contrisson. At noon, October 15, 
orders by telephone were received from Headquarters, First 
Army, directing the Division to move by rail to Belgium, en- 
training at three points, including Revigny, the following day. 
The same orders indicated that the 53rd Field Artillery Bri- 
gade, which had been fighting in the Meuse-Argonne with the 

r 52 1 



IN BELGIUM 

28th Division, was to move independently by rail, joining the 
Division in Belgium. The Ammunition Train of the 53rd Field 
Artillery Brigade was to remain with the First Army Corps, 
and a portion of the Motor Transportation of the 91st Division 
was to be sent to join the First Corps. One company of the 
316th Ammunition Train was left with this motor transporta- 
tion under orders to join the First American Army. 

On the evening of October 16 the 182nd Brigade began to 
entrain. The movement was in charge of the French Army, 
and trains were furnished so promptly that the 181st Infantry 
Brigade was obliged to entrain before issuing clothing. Motor 
transportation of the Division moved under its own power. 
No one in the Division was informed of the route to be fol- 
lowed, or as to the point of destination, except that Dunkerque 
was to be the regulating station for the Division after arrival 
in Belgium. The Division Commander and Division Staff left 
for Belgium October 17. Each Brigade and Regimental Com- 
mander, with staff, followed by motor transportation as soon 
as the elements of his command had been entrained. As it 
was necessary for officers proceeding by motor transportation 
to follow the trains through various regulating stations, it 
required two days for any automobile to reach Dunkerque in 
order to ascertain where the Division was to be detrained. 

Of the four thousand replacements received from the 85th 
Division it was necessary to leave five hundred in hospital at 
Revigny. Several officers and men, in addition, had become so 
sick from exposure that they were left in hospital. The re- 
placements who had not yet joined the 181st Brigade followed 
on additional trains to overtake the Division in Belgium. 

The Division left the area of the First Army with less than 
15,000 of its own men and about 3,500 replacements. Its Field 
Artillery Brigade and five companies Ammunition Train had 
not yet joined. Two companies, "A" and "C," of the Ammu- 
nition Train had been with the Division in the Meuse-Argonne, 
but only Company "C" accompanied the Division to Belgium. 

The Division detrained at four detraining points and was 
bivouacked the 18th and 19th of October in the devastated 
district about Ypres. On arrival, the 91st had been placed at 
the disposition of H. M. the King of the Belgians, commanding 
the Group of Armies in Flanders. This army was made up of 

[53] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

Belgian, French and British troops, the French Army of Bel- 
gium being now reinforced by two American divisions, the 
37th and the 91st. 

The advance echelon from Division Headquarters reached 
Dunkerque on October 18 and 19. As the latest information of 
the destination of various trains had been obtained at the mouth 
of the Somme River on the 18th at the vicinity of Ypres, and 
as it was learned at Dunkerque that Headquarters of the 
Group of Armies in Flanders was at a small village on the 
Belgian coast east of Dunkerque, the Division Commander 
reported at that headquarters on the morning of October 19 
to Major General J. M. J. de Goutte, then acting as Chief of 
Staff of the Group of Armies under the command of the King 
of the Belgians, from whom it was learned that, in a day or 
two, the 91st Division with 53rd Field Artillery Brigade at- 
tached would be attached to the French Army of Belgium, 
under Major General de Boissoudy. It was also learned that 
the Belgian Army, consisting of about 100,000 men, was on the 
left of the group, the French Army of Belgium in the center 
and the Second British Army on the right. 

The French Army of Belgium consisted of three corps, in 
line from north to south as follows: Thirty-fourth Corps, 
Thirtieth Corps, Seventh Corps. Each French corps consisted 
of three French divisions. The 37th Division was later to be 
assigned to the Thirtieth French Corps and the 91st Division 
to the Seventh French Corps. 

In the afternoon the Division Commander and staff found 
that twenty-four trainloads of the 91st Division had already 
been detrained, regardless of regiment and brigade, at four 
points in the neighborhood of Ypres. Neither of these detrain- 
ing points was in the vicinity of any houses. The only shelter 
from the weather was afforded by dugouts and elephant houses 
formerly occupied by the British during their long defense of 
the Ypres sector. As brigade and regimental commanders had 
not yet reached the vicinity of Ypres, as they were moving by 
automobiles, the only method of assembling the Division was 
to direct every battalion and company to march to the vicinity 
of Roulers, as General de Goutte had given the Division Com- 
mander permission to occupy all available billets in the area 
just west of Roulers, within a very few miles of where the 

[54] 



IN BELGIUM 

French were fighting. Accordingly, orders were issued October 
19 for every unit to move over certain roads, one of which 
passed over the noted Paschendaele Ridge, captured early in 
the war by Canadian troops. Throughout the march of ten to 
twenty miles for the various units, there were no buildings 
standing; locations of former towns were marked by sign- 
boards placed by the British, the English signs being very 
welcome to our troops. 

By evening of October 20 all units of the 91st Division, 
excepting the motor truck trains, had reached places where 
they could bivouac just west of Roulers. Very few houses 
could be occupied and most of the officers and men slept on the 
ground under shelter tents. The ground on which these camps 
could be established had not yet been relieved of the dead 
French and Germans. One of the first duties of the 91st was 
to bury the dead. 

On October 20 the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade, which had 
entrained near Clermont, south of the Meuse-Argonne, arrived 
at the detraining point on the battlefield of Ypres. Elements 
of that brigade moved to the vicinity of Sleyhaege and Ver- 
gelderhock on October 21. 

Division Headquarters had been established October 20 in 
one of the very few buildings in Oostnieuwkerke. The railhead 
was still St.-Jean d'Ypres. The remainder of the casuals, 
under Lieut. Colonel A. D. Cummings, joined October 20 and 
21, 1918, and were then for the first time assigned to organiza- 
tions of the 181st Brigade and other Division units. 

On October 21, Brigadier General V. A. Caldwell joined 
the Division under orders assigning him to the 182nd Brigade. 
On October 22 Colonel H. J. Brees was relieved as Chief of 
Staff of the Division and succeeded by Colonel H. C. Jewett. 
Colonel Brees was shortly afterward detailed as Chief of Staff, 
Seventh Army Corps. On October 23, Colonel F. W. Coleman, 
Assistant Chief of Staff (G-l), was relieved by orders from 
Headquarters, A. E. F., to proceed to the United States 

On October 22 the Division Commander sent forward 
officers of the 316th Engineers to reconnoiter the roads east of 
Roulers over which the 91st Division would soon march to 
relieve certain French units. One lieutenant on a motorcycle 
riding along a plain Belgian highway, failing to observe the 

r 55 1 



THE 91st DIVISION 

French line of surveillance, drove with the motorcycle into 
No-man's-land, where he halted to examine his map. He was 
fired on from short range by the Germans, wounded, and his 
motorcyclist killed. 

Service in Belgium was different from that in France. 
Advancing in France, American troops encountered few French 
citizens, most of the population having been driven back before 
the Germans retreated. In Flanders, however, large numbers 
of Belgians remained in their homes, even in the zone of opera- 
tions. They fled to their cellars when firing occurred, but they 
were apparently so used to warfare that they did not care to 
move when the Germans evacuated their villages or farms. 

On October 25 the Division was moved to an area south of 
Roulers with Headquarters at Chateau-Rumbeke. Here King 
Albert of the Belgians called on October 26 to express his 
welcome to the Americans. Major General de Goutte called 
the same day, and on the following night the Division Com- 
mander and Chief of Staff were invited to call at a chateau 
near Bruges occupied by the King of the Belgians as his head- 
quarters. 

Meanwhile, each organization was training replacements, 
issuing clothing and renewing ammunition supplies. A field 
hospital had been established in Roulers in a convent which the 
German officers had used as an officers' club. All the wood on 
the third, fourth and fifth stories had been removed, apparently 
for fuel. On the first and second floors, however, 500 men of 
the 91st Division were cared for by a field hospital company, 
most of them afterward being able to join the Division in time 
for its "jump-off." 

On October 27, the Division having been attached to the 
French Army of Belgium (Headquarters, Roulers) and there- 
after attached to the Seventh French Corps (Headquarters, 
Iseghem), orders were issued at Division Headquarters moving 
the infantry brigades to cities west of Iseghem, and the 53rd 
Field Artillery Brigade behind the infantry. Division Head- 
quarters was established at Chateau-Iseghem. 

On October 29 orders were received from Major General 
Massenet, commanding the Seventh French Corps, to relieve 
the 164th Division (French), then near the Lys River, by send- 
ing one battalion of infantry that night to relieve the leading 

[56] 




View of ruins of Tronsol Farm and terrain. Taken from western edgt 
of Bois Cunununal de Baulny, one and one-half kilometers north- 
west of Eelisfoutaine. 








German prisoners captured near Avo court in the offensive on the Ver- 
dun sector by the 91st Division. American aeroplane overhead. 
Near Rarccourt, Meuse, France, September 26, igiS. 



IN BELGIUM 

units of the French, and by sending field artillery forward to 
the Lys River with orders for their officers to reconnoiter the 
ground west of the front of the French Army in order to locate 
positions for the artillery. On October 30 the remaining units 
of the 91st Division moved to a position assigned by the French 
Corps Commander at Desselghem, just east of the Lys River. 

From October 27, German planes raided the area occupied 
by the Division, and hostile artillery as well as Allied artillery 
could be heard day and night a few miles to our east. No 
casualties were suffered from either. The proximity of the 
enemy, indicated by these raids, had a tonic effect upon the 
Division, and its morale was of the highest when its units 
moved up into the attack positions October 30. It was very 
short of company officers, most companies of infantry having 
not more than two officers per company, although sixty second 
lieutenants recently commissioned after graduation from corps 
schools had joined the Division after it left the Meuse-Argonne. 
Between October 19 and 20 a large number of men and some 
officers who had been wounded in the Meuse-Argonne were 
either forwarded by orders to Dunkerque by rail or escaped 
from hospitals in rear of the Argonne and reached Dunkerque. 
These were re-equipped, forwarded by rail to Roulers, and 
thence by motor truck or on foot rejoined their regiments. 
Before the armistice, at least one thousand members of the 
Division formerly sick or wounded in hospitals had reached 
their organizations. 

The "French Army of Belgium," read the field orders of 
the 30th of October, "will attack the enemy and drive him east 
of the Scheldt River." 

It was to participate in this offensive that the 91st Division 
had been brought from the Argonne. The Division was in line 
by midnight of the 30th of October, relieving the 164th French 
Division. 

Belgian forces held the sector to the north of the French 
Army of Belgium and British to the south thereof. The order 
of battle of the French Army of Belgium, October 30, 1918, 
from north to south, was as follows: Thirty-fourth Corps, 
Thirtieth Corps, Seventh Corps. After the 164th French Divi- 
sion had been relieved by the 91st, the Seventh Corps front was 
held by the 128th Division (French), 91st Division (Amer- 

r 57 1 



THE 91st DIVISION 

ican), with Escadrille 72 and Balloon 73 attached, and 41st 
Division (French), in the order named, from left to right, the 
91st Division holding a front of about four kilometers, extend- 
ing from Waereghem (inclusive) to Steenbrugge (exclusive). 
The 164th Division (French) after relief by the 91st Division 
was placed in second line at the disposition of the King. Briga- 
dier General Gaucher of that division remained with the 91st 
Division. 

The Seventh Corps was directed to attack on the front 
between Warande and Heirweg, both inclusive. The 91st was 
directed to attack at "H" hour, October 31, on the front Waere- 
ghem (inclusive) to Steenbrugge (exclusive). The direction 
of the attack carried the 91st Division north of, through and 
south of a series of low hills on which there were nurseries and 
farms but which, according to most of the maps, consisted of 
a wood called Spitaals Bosschen, thence inclining slightly to 
the south toward the Scheldt River and the direction of Klei- 
hoek-Audenarde. The zone of action of the 128th French 
Division on the north and the 41st Division on the south was 
so shaped that before arrival at the Scheldt (Escaut) River 
their zones disappeared, the 91st Division reaching the Scheldt 
River next to the 37th Division (American). 

The plan of encounter involved encircling Spitaals Bosschen 
from the north and continuing the attack in the direction of 
Audendarde, the final objective. 

First Objective: High ground north and south through 
Stuivenberghe. 

Second Objective: Heights of Waalem and Kleihoek. 

Final Objective: Scheldt River, north and south of Aude- 
narde. 

The Division Commander assigned to the 182nd. Brigade 
zone of action from the southern limit of the 128th French 
Brigade to include the southern edge of Spitaals Bosschen, 
Stuivenberghe and Audenarde (exclusive). The 181st Brigade 
was assigned zone of action from the southern edge of Spitaals 
Bosschen and thence to the Scheldt River south of Audenarde. 
A separate detachment, consisting of one battalion, 364th 
Infantry, and two machine gun companies, 182nd Brigade, was 
detailed to mop up Spitaals Bosschen under command of Major 
William A. Aird, 348th Machine Gun Battalion. 

[58] 



IN BELGIUM 

The 363rd Infantry, having been designated by the Brigade 
Commander, was to attack north of Spitaals Bosschen in 
column of battalions. The 364th Infantry, less one battalion, 
the 346th Machine Gun Battalion, and the 316th Engineers, less 
two companies, under command of Colonel L. C. Bennett, 364th 
Infantry, were designated as Division reserve. On the south of 
Spitaals Bosschen the Brigade Commander designated the 
362nd Infantry, two battalions in front line followed by the 
remainder in support for the attack. The 361st Infantry fol- 
lowing as reserve. 

To the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade, under Brigadier Gen- 
eral W. G. Price, were attached the 59th and 264th French 
Field Artillery Regiments. One platoon of field artillery was 
placed on each front-line battalion of infantry. After passing 
the first objective (east of Spitaals Bosschen), one regiment of 
field artillery was placed at the disposal of each Brigade Com- 
mander. 

Each Infantry Brigade Commander detailed one company of 
infantry and one machine gun platoon on the second-line battal- 
ion of his organization to maintain combat liaison with the 128th 
and 48th French Divisions on the right and left, respectively. • 

While taking these positions on the night of October 30-31, 
the area occupied by the Division was subjected to heavy bom- 
bardment by hostile artillery. Casualties suffered were mainly 
in the Division reserve (364th Infantry). 

Spitaals Bosschen, a wood of thin and scanty growth of 
approximately 1,500 meters in diameter, extends across the 
central part of the Division zone of action, the western edge of 
which was within 500 meters of the "jumping-off" line of the 
Division. The terrain to the west of the second objective is 
rolling and sparsely wooded. To the east of this point the 
terrain is comparatively open, in general slopes toward the 
Scheldt River, and is in most part visible from the heights 
southeast of Audenarde. Intensively cultivated fields, numer- 
ous farmhouses and small hamlets, together with several vil- 
lages of considerable size, all offered favorable positions for 
the enemy to place machine guns in concealment. Many civ- 
ilians remained in the sector during the action and took refuge 
in cellars and dugouts. As these included men, it was difficult 
to distinguish them from Germans. 

[59] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

The first objective passed north and south through the 
heights of Stuivenberghe, immediately east of the Spitaals 
Bosschen. The heights of Waalen and Kleihoek, about five 
kilometers east of the "jumping-off" line, formed the second 
objective, while the final objective was the Scheldt River. The 
dividing line between the brigade zones of action followed the 
southern edge of Spitaals Bosschen and thence in a generally 
southeastern direction to the northern outskirts of Audenarde. 



60 



THE 91st DIVISION 

The first objective passed north and south through the 
heights of Stuivenberghe, immediately east of the Spitaals 
Bosschen. The heights of Waalen and Kleihoek, about five 
kilometers east of the "jumping-ofT" line, formed the second 
objective, while the final objective was the Scheldt River. The 
dividing line between the brigade zones of action followed the 
southern edge of Spitaals Bosschen and thence in a generally 
southeastern direction to the northern outskirts of Audenarde. 



[60 



CHAPTER VI 

ACCOUNT OF THE FOUR DAYS' FIGHTING, OCTOBER 31 TO NOVEMBER 3, 1918 

SECOND PARTICIPATION YPRES-LYS, NOVEMBER 9-11 CASUALTIES PRISONERS AND 

MATERIEL CAPTURED HOSTILE UNITS COMMENDATIONS 

The 53rd Field Artillery Brigade, to which had been 
attached the 59th and 264th French Artillery Regiments, 
supported the division in its attack at 5:30 a.m. this 
day. It was arranged in four groups : One under Lieut. Colonel 
Dellaleau, French artillery, composed of five batteries of 75's, 
at disposition of 182nd Infantry Brigade on the north; one 
under Colonel R. C. Burleson, 107th Field Artillery, composed 
of four batteries of 75's supporting the 181st Infantry Brigade 
on the south ; Lieut. Colonel Marty commanded Group "C," six 
batteries of 75's under the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade, sta- 
tioned near Desselghen, Division Headquarters; the fourth 
group, "D," under Colonel E. St. J. Greble, consisting of the 
108th Field Artillery (heavy), was also at Desselghen, under 
the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade. One platoon of 75's was 
attached to each infantry first-line battalion as "accompanying 
guns." All the artillery prepared the attack by firing on all 
sensitive points at 5 :25 a.m. After "H" hour, which was 5 :30 
a.m., Groups "A" and "B" were to protect the advance of their 
respective infantry brigades by a rolling barrage, beginning 
300 meters in front of the leading infantry elements. Rate of 
advance, 100 meters each four minutes. One battalion of the 
108th Field Artillery and one battalion of the 59th (French) 
were used in connection with aerial observers for firing at long 
range on temporary targets. A smoke screen was laid along 
the north and south sides of Spitaals Bosschen, and it was con- 
templated by the Corps Commander that the two infantry bri- 
gades, advancing one north and one south of this strong posi- 

[61] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

tion, would isolate the Germans then defending it, and by the 
time they had reached the eastern extremity of Spitaals Boss- 
chen, which was estimated to be one hour and forty minutes, 
the mopping-up detail under Major Aird would have little 
trouble in making prisoners of all left on those hills. 

As the leading battalions (two of the 362nd on the south, 
and one of the 363rd on the north of Spitaals Boschen) jumped 
off from their positions west of the Waereghem-Steenbrugge 
road at 5 :30 a.m., they were met by heavy machine gun fire, 
both from their fronts and from concealed positions in Spitaals 
Bosschen. The leading battalion of the 363rd Infantry was 
able to make more rapid progress than the leading line of the 
362nd. This was due to fire from a strong German position 
near Chateau-Anseghem in the zone of the 41st French Divi- 
sion. Artillery and machine guns from the hill Anseghem were 
fired accurately from the right along the flank of the front line 
of the 362nd, while machine guns from Spitaals Bosschen were 
fired along the front line from the left. As a result, by 9:30 
o'clock the leading battalion of the 363rd had advanced 3,000 
yards, while the leading battalion of the 362nd had advanced 
only 1,000. The mopping-up detachment moved forward at 
the appointed time, 6:50 o'clock. Instead of finding German 
troops and material available for capture, it met very strong 
resistance as soon as it reached the Waereghem-Steenbrugge 
road and by 9 :30 had progressed only 500 yards. This detach- 
ment was then reinforced by one battalion of the 364th In- 
fantry from the Division reserve and by the 37-mm. guns of 
the 364th Infantry and by two batteries of 75's. The leading 
battalion of the 363rd Infantry had almost reached the first 
objective, while the 362nd was still suffering heavy losses from 
Germans in front of the 41st Division. Later in the afternoon 
the 362nd forced an advance with considerable losses until it 
reached the eastern extremity of Spitaals Bosschen. It was 
necessary to order the Brigade Commander to withdraw his 
right flank and entrench for the night with his left near the 
southeast corner of Spitaals Bosschen and his right flank near 
Steenbrugge. At that time the 41st Division held its left flank 
near Steenbrugge and its right flank west of the hill Anseghem, 
which was still held by the Germans. The mopping-up detach- 
ment, after severe fighting, forced its way through Spitaals 

[62] 



YPRES-LYS OFFENSIVE 

Bosschen and was able to occupy the eastern edge thereof by 
18 o'clock. At that hour the 182nd Brigade had pushed for- 
ward in advance of the first objective and occupied a line from 
the vicinity of Nokere, which was occupied by the 128th French 
Division, to the northeast corner of Spitaals Bosschen, includ- 
ing thus the hill on which was the Chateau-Stuivenberghe. It 
was learned during the day that a portion of the British 2nd 
Army south of the 41st French Division had forced its way 
southeast and east of the hill Anseghem, advancing along the 
road Courtrai-Audenarde. Although casualties had been heavy, 
especially in company officers, the troops maneuvered with 
better liaison and under greater control by their leaders than 
during the Meuse-Argonne, showing the benefit of the experi- 
ence they had gained in France. The evacuation of wounded 
was reported by all unit commanders as perfect. Before the 
Division advanced to participate with the French Army of 
Belgium, forty-one American ambulances had been driven by a 
part of our Sanitary Train from Marseilles, thus replacing the 
small Ford ambulances which had been assigned to the Division 
during the Meuse-Argonne. In addition to evacuation of our 
own wounded, our Sanitary Train evacuated to our field hos- 
pitals many French wounded and several Belgian citizens 
wounded because they remained on their farms as we drove the 
Germans toward the Scheldt. 

The 72nd Aero Squadron (French) rendered excellent serv- 
ice in furnishing the Division Commander information of the 
location of units and location of targets for our artillery. The 
French officer at Division Headquarters frequently called up 
the commander of this squadron ordering a reconnaissance to 
the front, and usually within forty minutes a message was 
dropped at Division Headquarters showing the advance units or 
giving information of hostile targets. 

There were attached also to the Division twenty-five men 
of the French cavalry. They were utilized as mounted couriers 
stationed with Brigade and Division Headquarters. It was 
necessary also to order some of them to watch the Flemish 
windmills, as the Corps Commander reported some of these 
windmills were used by Flemish citizens to communicate with 
the Germans. 

Detachments of military police were on duty with each 

[63] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

Brigade Headquarters to be used for conducting prisoners to 
the rear. 

Signal corps lines were well maintained in spite of heavy 
bombardment, and communication between Division and Corps 
Headquarters, and between the Division and Brigade Head- 
quarters, was never better. 

When the Division joined the French Army of Belgium, 
permission was given to march during the day, and graze ani- 
mals also during the day. The French Commanders stated that 
German planes would think we were British, as the color of 
uniform was similar. This plan saved the animals of the 
Division from unnecessary fatigue, and they soon improved in 
condition. As an evidence that the movement of our units and 
trains did not give information to the enemy of the presence of 
a large American force, Lieutenant John H. Smith, 107th Field 
Artillery, while endeavoring to establish a forward observation 
post near Spitaals Bosschen, October 30, was shot by a sniper 
and reported killed, by the sergeant who had been with him. 
On October 31 a German prisoner reported that no knowledge 
had reached them of the presence of Americans until an Amer- 
ican artillery officer had been brought to a dressing station 
wounded the day before. Lieutenant Smith was later found in 
a hospital in Antwerp. 

Second Day, November 1 

In compliance with orders received from the Seventh Corps, 
Division orders were issued about midnight that the 128th 
French Division on our north, instead of falling into the reserve 
as originally planned, would continue its attack, on our left, in 
the direction of Eyne. The 91st Division would resume its 
attack at 6:30 o'clock. The northern boundary of the 91st 
Division zone was somewhat changed. We moved south to- 
ward the railroad fork one kilometer north of Audenarde. 
Since the 41st French Division had failed to reduce the strong 
German position on the hill Anseghem, it was impracticable to 
cause the 362nd to move any farther. It was therefore ordered 
that the 361st Infantry move through the Spitaals Bosschen 
behind the mopping-up detachment of October 31, passing 
around the left flank of the 362nd lines to the eastern edge of 
Spitaals Bosschen, where it would deploy with two battalions 

r 64i 



4 




-"y-jv 



View of Chateau-Rumbeke, used by gist Division as P. C. 




Soldiers of the 91st Division in Ypres, Belgium. Ruins of the famous 
Cloth Hull in background. 



YPRES-LYS OFFENSIVE 

in the front line in time to move from the woods at 6 :30. The 
363rd Infantry, being already at the first objective, was to 
incline to the south so as to cover the entire front of Spitaals 
Bosschen and gain contact with the 181st Brigade. The remain- 
der of the 364th Infantry was ordered to join the two battalions 
which had cleaned up Spitaals Bosschen and become the Divi- 
sion reserve. The 37-mm. guns of each front-line regiment and 
one platoon of field artillery were ordered to accompany each 
leading battalion. A rolling barrage from the 59th and 264th 
French Artillery was ordered placed in front of the leading 
lines 300 yards at the rate of 100 yards in four minutes. 

The 361st Infantry was delayed somewhat by its long march 
around the left flank of the leading regiment and did not emerge 
from Spitaals Bosschen until 8 o'clock, at which time it was 
one kilometer behind the right flank of the 363rd, which was 
advancing in column of battalions. 

Flemish citizens reported that hostile artillery near Chateau- 
Stuivenberghe had been withdrawn at noon the day before and 
machine guns at 4 o'clock that morning. Division Headquar- 
ters ordered the 182nd Brigade P. C. to Oycke at 10 :50 o'clock, 
the brigade to occupy line of resistance running from Oycke to 
Wortegem, with a line of surveillance farther east, and that 
only patrols should advance as far as the Scheldt River. These 
instructions were due to orders from the Corps Commander 
that the 91st Division would not advance all of its forces into 
the valley of the Scheldt that day. As soon as the 361st 
emerged from the Spitaals Bosschen it inclined to the righi, 
covered the southern half of the Division sector and advanced 
rapidly, endeavoring to get touch with the 363rd Infantry of the 
other brigade. This touch was gained by 10 o'clock. Very little 
resistance from machine guns was encountered, but both bri- 
gade lines were shelled heavily by hostile artillery from the 
hills west of the Scheldt opposite Audenarde. The 181st Bri- 
gade Headquarters moved to Wortegem at noon. As with the 
other brigade, instructions were sent not to move the entire 
brigade down to the river, but to occupy a line of resistance on 
the high ground overlooking Audenarde, sending battalions for- 
ward to reconnoiter the situation. It was learned that the 
Germans had destroyed bridges over the three canals which the 
Scheldt River forms around and through Audenarde. The 

[65] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

falling of these bridges into the canals of the Scheldt had 
caused a flood of the western bank of the Scheldt, so that it 
seemed to be impracticable to move to the Scheldt, and throw 
pontoon bridges until a point near Eyne, considerably down the 
stream northeast of Audenarde, was reached. This was out- 
side the area of the 91st Division. The 181st Brigade occupied 
Bevere by 4 o'clock, November 1, sending scouts across the first 
canal and reconnoitering the city of Audenarde, in which were 
many machine guns firing from the houses. During this 
advance Colonel W. D. Davis, 361st Infantry, and Captain 
Hughes, commanding the leading battalion of the 361st, were 
killed by shrapnel near the village of Mooreghem on the line of 
observation which had been ordered occupied by the Corps 
Commander. Colonel A. D. Cummings, who had been pro- 
moted just after the Meuse-Argonne and attached to the 361st, 
assumed command of the regiment. Some troops, having 
reached the vicinity of the Scheldt on the flooded area, occu- 
pied the outskirts of the city of Audenarde. One company of 
the 361st had crossed the first canal, where a platoon of engi- 
neers was constructing a bridge. The country was open and 
German artillery from the hill of Fort Kezel, southeast of 
Audenarde and across the Scheldt, shelled the entire area 
throughout the afternoon. 

During the night Captain Leavell, 316th Engineers, attached 
to the 181st Brigade Headquarters, with a small detachment, 
penetrated farther into Audenarde, making reconnaissance of 
all the bridges which had been destroyed, returning to Brigade 
Headquarters by daylight. Division P. C. was moved to 
Chateau-Stuivenberghe at 4 o'clock. 

Third Day, November 2 

During the night of November 1-2 the 41st Division 
(French), which had been able to advance over Anseghem hill 
as soon as the 91st Division appeared east of that hill, had 
pushed forward to the river south of the area of the 91st and 
attempted a crossing on rafts. They were driven back. In a 
similar manner the 128th French Division, north of the 91st, 
attempted to push a detachment across the river near Eyne. 
They too were unsuccessful. One battalion, 361st Infantry, 
with machine gun company attached, moved from street to 

[66] 



YPRES-LYS OFFENSIVE 

street searching the houses and captured many German pris- 
oners and some snipers and machine guns in the second stories 
of houses. Machine guns were placed covering the destroyed 
bridges, but it was not until night that the entire city of Aude- 
narde had been patrolled. During this morning Captain Leavell, 
with a detachment of the 316th Engineers, made another recon- 
naissance before daylight to ascertain the most feasible point 
for construction of a bridge. He encountered a large detach- 
ment of Germans emerging from a cellar near the Cathedral. 
Firing on them and killing five, he captured a Belgian citizen 
who was attempting to guide these Germans out of the city 
without being captured. He was awarded the D. S. C. for 
this feat. 

Information having been received that in the area of the 
37th Division, where the ground was higher and the branches 
of the Scheldt united into one canal, troops of that division had 
been able to cross on fallen trees and light footbridges to the 
east bank of the Scheldt, message was sent to the Commanding 
General, 37th Division, asking permission to push a detachment 
across the Scheldt in his area. The 364th Infantry, with one 
company of engineers, then at the eastern edge of Spitaals 
Bosschen as reserve, was designated for this flank movement 
and ordered to move at once to the west bank of the Scheldt 
between Eyne and Heurne. The 348th Machine Gun Battalion, 
less two companies, was stationed along the railroad northeast 
of Bevere to cover the advance of the 364th Infantry along 
the east bank toward Mount Kezel after effecting its crossing. 
The 181st Brigade was directed to occupy Audenarde with a 
strong detachment, making demonstration of purpose to cross 
by machine gun fire at all the broken bridges, and be ready to 
cross to support the attack of the 364th from the northeast. 
Artillery was prepared to lay a barrage south of the 364th 
Infantry after its crossing and as it proceeded toward Mount 
Kezel. 

Fourth Day, November 3 

So much time was required to receive permission from the 
37th Division to make this movement through that area that 
orders did not reach the 364th until midnight. The march was 
then taken up by the regiment. Instead of effecting its crossing 

[67] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

before daylight, it merely reached the banks of the Scheldt 
between Eyne and Heurne about daylight November 3. The 
Regimental Commander, believing that the secrecy of the move- 
ment would be betrayed by throwing bridges after daylight, and 
being already attacked by German airplanes on the bank of the 
Scheldt, concealed his regiment as far as practicable and sent 
report back to Division Headquarters that he believed he could 
effect the movement better by remaining there throughout the 
day and crossing after dark that evening. Before this message 
reached Division Headquarters at Chateau-Stuivenberghe 
orders were received from the Seventh Corps Headquarters 
that, because other corps to the north were not yet ready to 
cross the line of the Scheldt, further advance would be sus- 
pended, the 91st Division withdrawn to billets west of the 
Spitaals Bosschen, and the 41st Division, by extending its front 
toward its left, would cover the front then occupied by the 
91st Division, namely, the city of Audenarde and the line of 
the river as far as Eyne. The relief by the 41st Division was 
to take effect during the night of November 3-4. 

The commanding officer, 364th Infantry, was directed to 
remain concealed near the river until dark and then to withdraw 
to the billeting area assigned. Some elements in the rear were 
ordered to withdraw by daylight, the Division P. C. being 
established at Oostroosboke by 12 o'clock, November 4. The 
detachment of the 37th Division which had crossed the Scheldt 
River and established a bridgehead was also withdrawn and 
that division sent back to billets. 

It was never quite understood by the American divisions 
why the crossing of the Scheldt having been accomplished by 
a small detachment of the 37th Division, and the crossing by 
the 364th Infantry and 361st Infantry being probable before 
daylight November 4, the advance of the Army should be held 
any longer. The 91st Division believed that the fighting up to 
that point had been only preliminary and that the real fight 
would come on forcing the Scheldt River. There was probably 
some good reason why the French Army of Belgium or the 
Group of Armies in Flanders did not wish to press the advance 
at that date. The Division fell back to the billets assigned, 
remaining in those billets from the afternoon of the 4th until 
the 8th, renewing ammunition and rations, giving the men baths 

[68] 



YPRES-LYS OFFENSIVE 

in certain delousing establishments formerly used by the Ger- 
mans, and preparing for further attack. 

Meanwhile, on the 6th, orders were received from the 
French Army of Belgium detaching the 91st Division from the 
Seventh Army Corps and placing it at the disposal of the Com- 
manding General, Thirtieth Army Corps (French), under 
Major General Penet. On November 7 Major General Mas- 
senet sent to the Division Commander a special order com- 
mending the service of the Division, which was published to 
the command, expressed as follows : 

Seventh French Corps 
Staff 

SPECIAL ORDER 

Transported from the Argonne to Flanders, the 91st American Divi- 
sion has again been thrown into the battle, a few hours after its arrival. 

Under the energetic influence of its Commander, Major General 
Johnston, the 91st American Division reached all its objectives on the 
31st October and 1st November, with remarkable dash and energy. 

In spite of the determined resistance of the enemy, in spite of the 
artillery and machine gun fire which opposed them, the troops of the 
91st American Division captured Spitaals Bosschen by a clever flanking 
movement, reached the Scheldt, and penetrated into the town of Aude- 
narde, from now onwards delivered from the yoke of the invader. 

The General Officer commanding the Seventh French Corps heartily 
congratulates General Johnston, and the officers and men of his division, 
on the excellent results obtained. 

When, in a few days' time, the battle for the passage of the Scheldt 
takes place, the 91st American Division will be called upon to furnish a 
further effort. 

The brilliant way in which this division has just fought is a sure 
guarantee that it will gather fresh laurels during the next operations. 

Hdqrs., 4th November, 1918. 
Commanding General, Seventh Corps. 

(Signed) Massenet. 

After the Division Commander had conferred with Briga- 
dier General Bablon, commanding the 41st Division (French), 
instructions were issued for the gradual approach of the 91st 
Division to relieve the 41st Division in the new front assigned 
the Thirtieth French Corps. The 91st Division front was to 
include Audenarde to the railroad junction about one kilometer 

[69] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

northeast of Bevere. The 361st Infantry was sent forward to 
relieve the 128th French Infantry. The command of the sector 
passed to the 91st Division November 10 at 20 o'clock. We 
had later field orders from the Thirtieth French Corps, dated 
November 9, directing the 91st Division to relieve also the 12th 
French Division from railroad junction one kilometer north- 
east of Bevere to Eyne. The commanding officer, 364th 
Infantry, went to Chateau-Cruyshautem, to confer with the 
Commanding General, 12th Division. 

Orders for the new movement announced that the French 
Army of Belgium would effect a crossing of the Scheldt and 
push energetically forward to occupy the plateau between the 
Scheldt and the Dendre. The Thirtieth Corps was to attack 
on the front between Heurne and Audenarde, both inclusive. 

The 132nd French Division was to be on the left and the 
41st French on our right. 

The 182nd Brigade, occupying the left half of the 91st 
Division sector, was to attack in line of regiments, the 364th 
on the left with two battalions on the front line, and the 363rd 
on the right with one battalion in front; one battalion of the 
363rd was designated as Division reserve. 

The 181st Brigade was to attack in column of regiments, 
the 362nd following the 361st. Division engineers were to 
throw two footbridges over the Scheldt for each front-line 
battalion. One platoon of light artillery was placed at the dis- 
posal of each front-line battalion. The Division reserve, con- 
sisting of the 346th Machine Gun Battalion and one battalion 
of 363rd Infantry, were to stand in readiness near Oycke. 
Division Headquarters was to open at Chateau-Nokere at noon, 
November 10. 

After these dispositions had been effected, and while troops 
were marching thereto late in the afternoon of November 9, 
information was received that the enemy had commenced to 
retire from the east of the Scheldt, and that detachments with 
small groups of the 41st and the 12th French Division had 
gained possession of the eastern bank of the river. Operations 
Orders No. 63, Thirtieth Army Corps Headquarters, directed 
the 12th and 41st Divisions to continue the pursuit; that only 
one brigade of the 91st Division would pass through the French 
elements east of the river as soon as they met opposition, and 

[70] 



YPRES-LYS OFFENSIVE 

thereafter pursue and maintain contact with the enemy. The 
remainder of the Division was to remain in position west of 
the river. To carry out this order the 182nd Brigade was 
ordered to cross the river at 6 :30 o'clock, November 10, sup- 
ported by one regiment of light field artillery. Thus the 
crossing of the river was effected about twelve hours earlier 
than the original plan. Foot troops of the 182nd Brigade 
crossed the Scheldt at Audenarde over improvised bridges con- 
structed by the 316th Engineers. The animals of the machine 
gun battalion accompanying crossed the river by swimming. 
The 109th Field Artillery crossed near Eyne and took up a 
position to support the advance of the 182nd Brigade. The 
French elements, 41st Division, continued in front of the 182nd 
Brigade, although they were to be relieved at Audenarde. It 
was later learned that the instructions were that the French 
would continue until resistance was met, at which time the 
American troops would pass through the French and take up 
the advance. It was not until the evening of the 10th that the 
Commanding General, 41st French Division, having about that 
time met some resistance, was willing to permit the 182nd Bri- 
gade to pass through his lines and occupy the sector. Very 
few casualties were suffered this day. In the afternoon Divi- 
sion Headquarters advanced to Audenarde. One battalion 
107th Field Artillery crossed the Scheldt at Audenarde over 
bridges constructed by the engineers. By night the leading 
elements of the 91st had relieved the 41st French and occupied 
a line in touch with the Germans running through Noorebeck- 
Ste. Marie. Orders were issued, and the Division prepared to 
attack at daylight November 11. However, during the night 
the following message was received from the Commanding 
General, Thirtieth French Corps: 

The G. A. F. telephone thus. On account of delay in delivery of 
ammunition, operations foreseen for this morning, November 11, will 
be postponed until further notice. No action will take place the morning 
of the 11th. 

Later, about 8:30 o'clock, message by telephone to the 
French liaison officer directed that the 91st Division make no 
offensive this morning. Troops were informed that by orders 
from Marshal Foch hostilities would cease along the front at 
11; the line of outposts reached at that hour would be held. 

[71] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

All communication with the enemy was forbidden. 

Later, orders were issued from the Thirtieth Army Corps 
permitting an advance until 11 o'clock "provided no opposition 
was encountered." It was impracticable at that hour to reach 
the elements of the command which had been ordered to estab- 
lish the outpost line, and occupy billets, in time for formations 
to be resumed for any attack by 11 o'clock. The line held at 
that hour (11 o'clock) extended from the heights north of 
Boucle St. Blaise to the heights east of Benteveld. It was about 
one kilometer west of the Roosebeke bridge, from which the 
last hostile fire had been received the night before. 

During its engagements in the Ypres-Lys offensive the total 
casualties suffered by the 91st Division were: 

Officers Men Total 

Killed 14 201 215 

Wounded 40 674 714 

Killed and wounded 54 875 929 

These do not include casualties in the 53rd Field Artillery 
Brigade, nor the two French artillery regiments, Escadrille 72 
and Observation Balloon 73, which were attached for duty with 
the Division during the Ypres-Lys. 

Only 41 prisoners were captured, of whom one was a com- 
missioned officer. 

Materiel captured: 

Artillery, 150-mm 1 

Artillery, 75-mm 1 

Machine Guns 26 

Rifles 23 

Ammunition several thousand 

Motor Truck 1 

On November 2 the French Army and Corps Commanders 
visited Division P. C. at Chateau-Stuivenberghe and asked if 
the Division Commander was not discouraged by his heavy 
losses. They were told that the losses thus far were far less 
in proportion than the Division had suffered in the Meuse- 
Argonne; that the morale of officers and men was excellent, 
and the Division had just struck its gait. The losses of the 
American divisions were heavier than the French. This may 
be ascribed to the greater strength of the American divisions, 

[72] 



f 




w of destroyed railroad track's at Waereghem, Belgium. These 
tracks were destroyed by mines before the Germans retreated from 
the city. Men working in picture are from Company A, 316th 
Engineers. 



11 




Cathedral Saint-Walburga, showing damage done by shell fire. This 
church was first built in the thirteenth century and later added to 
in the sixteenth century. Audenarde, Belgium. 



YPRES-LYS OFFENSIVE 

as well as to the fact that they fought boldly in the open and 
advanced much more rapidly than the French. 

It was with much regret that the Division received orders 
November 3 to withdraw just after its preparations for cross- 
ing the Scheldt had been completed. There were evidently 
other reasons why the general advance was not desirable at that 
time. 

Hostile Units in Front of the 91st Division 
October 31-November 11, 1918: 

At the time of the attack of October 31 the following enemy 
units were in line opposite our front (north to south) : 
98th Regiment, 207th Division. 
209th Reserve Regiment, 207th Division. 
228th Reserve Regiment, 49th Reserve Division. 
225th Reserve Regiment, 49th Reserve Division. 
During the fighting of October 31 and November 1, pris- 
oners were taken from all these units, as well as from the 
following artillery regiments: 
75th Foot Artillery. 
49th Foot Artillery. 

On November 1 (night) the 207th Division and the 49th 
Reserve Division were withdrawn, and the line of the Scheldt, 
opposite our front, was held (north to south) by the 6th 
Bavarian Reserve Division (20th Bavarian Regiment) and the 
15th Reserve Division (25th Regiment). These divisions ap- 
parently remained in line until November 11, although regi- 
mental reliefs may have taken place. 

From November 11 to 18 the Division remained in billets on 
both sides of the Scheldt River in the vicinity of Audenarde. 
A large factory had been converted by the Germans into a 
delousing and bathing establishment with 64 showers. Although 
the plumbing had been destroyed by the Germans before retreat- 
ing, it was repaired by the 316th Engineers, and the troops of 
the 91st Division were marched in turn to Audenarde by bat- 
talion, each man getting a hot bath while his clothing was 
being deloused under supervision of the 316th Sanitary Train. 

On the 13th, Commanding General, Thirtieth French Corps, 
received a review of the 361st Infantry at Audenarde. He later 

[73] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

published the following order concerning the service of the 
91st Division while attached to the Thirtieth French Corps : 

Thirtieth Army Corps H. Q. Nov. 24, 1918. 

General Staff 

From : The General of Division Penet, commanding the Thirtieth Army 

Corps. 
To : The Commanding General of the 91st Infantry Division, U. S. A. 

The General Commanding the Thirtieth Army Corps does not want 
to part with the 91st Infantry Division without expressing to its Chief, 
its officers, its splendid units, all his appreciation of the fine military 
qualities they have shown during the length of their attachment to the 
Corps. 

By abandoning the line of the Scheldt, the enemy did not allow the 
putting in execution of the plan of attack which was so cleverly pro- 
moted. The efforts made by the officers and the troops in order to have 
all necessary materials at their disposal when and where needed, the 
strict discipline which presided over all preliminary movements and 
which were a certain presage of success, are nevertheless deserving of 
the greatest praise. 

The Commanding General of the Thirtieth Army Corps takes great 
pleasure in sending this letter as a proof of his appreciation to the 
General Commanding the 91st Division and thanks him for his intelligent 
and faithful co-operation. 

(Signed) H. Penet. 

Still later, Major General de Goutte, who had resumed com- 
mand of the Sixth French Army after the dissolution of the 
Group of Armies of Flanders, published the following General 
Order concerning the services of the 37th and 91st Divisions in 
Belgium : 

VI French Army H. Q., 11th December, 1918. 

GENERAL ORDER NO. 31 

In addressing the Divisions of the United States Army who covered 
themselves with glory in the Chateau-Thierry offensive, I said that orders 
given by the Commanding Officers were always accomplished irrespective 
of the difficulties arising thereby or the sacrifices to be made. 

I have found the same spirit of duty and discipline freely given in 
the 37th and 91st Divisions, U. S. A., which brings about valiant soldiers 
and victorious armies. 

On the heights between the Lys and the Escaut the enemy was to 
hold "to the death." The American troops belonging to these divisions, 
acting with the French Divisions of the Flanders Army Group, smashed 

[74] 



YPRES-LYS OFFENSIVE 

them in October 31, 1918, and after hard fighting threw them back upon 
the Escaut. 

Then, in an operation of extraordinary daring, the American units 
crossed the Escaut under the enemy fire and maintained themselves on 
the opposite bank, notwithstanding counter-attacks. 

Glory to such troops and to such commanders. They have bravely 
contributed to the liberation of a part of Belgian territory and to the 
final victory. 

The great nation to which they belong can be proud of them. 

The Commanding General of the Army, 
(Signed) De Goutte. 

On November 17, Major General De Boisoudy, command- 
ing the French Army of Belgium, and Major General Massenet, 
commanding the Seventh French Corps, to which corps the 
Division had just been returned for the march toward the 
Rhine, visited Division Headquarters in Audenarde, and ex- 
pressed admiration of the method by which bridges had been 
constructed over the canals of the Scheldt for the further 
advance of the army. 

Later, the same afternoon, His Majesty the King of the 
Beigians visited Division Headquarters without notice, and 
expressed his thanks and admiration for the action of the 
Division in the Group of Armies in Flanders. After meeting 
the Division Staff he drove to the city hall to call upon the 
Burgomaster and appeared to be very much pleased when the 
people assembled in the plaza in front, an American band play- 
ing the Belgian national air and later the Marseillaise, the people 
in the plaza singing the words. He visited also the hospital in 
which the 316th Sanitary Train had assembled all the sick of 
Belgium, moving them from cellars to which they had been 
moved during the bombardment, and restoring the convent, 
which had been occupied as a hospital during the German rule, 
to proper order for the care of the sick. His Majesty expressed 
appreciation of the method by which the Division had cleaned 
the streets and moved the debris of the bombardment and 
assisted in re-establishing civil government in Audenarde. 



[75] 



CHAPTER VII 

MARCH TOWARDS RHINE RETURN TO DUNKERQUE IN FRANCE AGAIN COM- 
MENDATION BY COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF DIVISION NAME AND EMBLEM DEMOBILIZATION 

On November 16, the 91st Division was detached from 
the Thirtieth French Corps and attached to the Seventh 
French Corps for the proposed march to the Rhine. 
The Group of Armies in Flanders was dissolved. General de 
Goutte was placed in command of the Sixth French Army, con- 
sisting of the Seventh, Thirtieth and Thirty-fourth Corps. The 
French army was to march on two roads : The Seventh French 
Corps, to which the 91st Division was attached, was to move on 
the Audenarde-Bruxelles road, followed by the Thirtieth Corps. 
The Thirty-fourth Corps, to which the 37th American Division 
was attached, was to move toward Bruxelles on a road approx- 
imately parallel, but a few kilometers north of the Audenarde- 
Bruxelles road. The Second British Army was moving along 
roads south of the French. The difficulty of handling the 
transportation of three corps on these two roads proved great. 
After moving east about two days the two American divisions 
stopped, and it seems probable that the Commander-in-Chief, 
American Expeditionary Forces, did not wish them to go far- 
ther toward the Rhine in that sector. The French Commander 
decided to send only the Seventh French Corps to the Rhine, 
leaving one French corps in Belgium and sending the other 
back to the vicinity of Dunkerque. 

While the Division was billeted in the Audenhove-Ste. 
Marie area, with headquarters at Chateau-Michelbeke, a bat- 
tery of the 53rd Field Artillery Brigade was sent to Bruxelles 
to represent the 91st Division. A battalion of infantry from 
the 37th Division, as well as a battalion of the 5th and 164th 
French Divisions, was sent to Bruxelles, all these troops to act 

[76] 



EVENTS FOLLOWING ARMISTICE 

as escort for His Majesty the King of the Belgians on Novem- 
ber 22, the date of his re-entry into his capital. About twenty- 
five officers from each of the American divisions were invited 
to witness the entry of the King. 

Meanwhile the 91st Division received orders attaching it to 
the Thirty-fourth French Corps while marching through the 
area of that corps in Belgium toward Dunkerque, France. 
After the armistice all colors were uncased and bands marched 
at the heads of their units and played while such units were 
passing through Belgian cities. On the march westward the 
Division was halted in the neighborhood of the Lys River, with 
headquarters at Denterghem, from November 25 to December 
5. On December 5, 6 and 7 the Division, marching westward 
via Roulers, crossed the devastated Ypres area and occupied 
billets south of Dunkerque, with headquarters at Rousbrugge, 
to await rail transportation to Le Mans area, France. While 
the Division was retiring to Dunkerque, General de Goutte, 
then commanding the Sixth French Army, ordered the Com- 
manding Generals of the 37th and 91st Divisions, about fifty 
officers, and all the regimental and national colors of the 37th 
and 91st Divisions to proceed to Aix-la-Chapelle (called by the 
Germans "Aachen"). This detachment spent one night at 
Louvain, entertained by a French division of the Seventh 
Corps. The next day they crossed the border from Belgium 
into Germany, spending the night at Eupen. On the morning 
of December 7, with the leading elements of the Seventh French 
Corps, the detachments of these two American divisions, with 
their colors, entered Aix-la-Chapelle. All of the colors with 
their escorts, their regimental and brigade commanders, with 
colors of the Seventh French Corps, formed facing the cathdral 
at Aix-la-Chapelle. For more than a thousand years this cathe- 
dral had formed the tomb of the Emperor Charlemagne. Arms 
and colors were presented to the remains of the old Emperor. 
The national anthems of America and France were played by 
a French band. General de Goutte dipped the colors of France 
toward the tomb of Charlemagne, advising him that the French 
had returned to redeem his remains from the possession of 
Germany in the following eloquent address : 
"Soldiers of France: 

"In the year 814 of our era, Charlemagne, Emperor of the 

[77] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

Gauls, the greatest monarch in the history of France, died at 
Aix-la-Chapelle. He rests in this cathedral. 

"During his long life he fought in Spain, in Italy and in 
Switzerland, but the greatest enemy of this mighty emperor, 
as in Caesar's time, so in all time, was the Germanic people. 

"That is why he made Aix-la-Chapelle the capital of his 
Empire. That is why he created the 'defensive marches' of 
the Rhine, which were always ready to throw back the ever- 
menacing, barbarous invasion, always ready by the force of 
arms to subdue the turbulent and pillaging Germanic tribes 
living on the right bank of the Rhine. 

"Ten centuries after Charlemagne, after the wars of the 
Revolution and of the Empire, Napoleon made Aix-la-Chapelle 
the capital of a French department for the same reason. At 
the beginning of these wars the German invasion was stopped 
there by the soldiers of France, as it has again been stopped in 
Champagne. 

"A study of history will show that all the wars and inva- 
sions which for the last two thousand years have flooded 
Europe with blood can be traced to the thirst for conquest of 
the Teutonic people or of the Germans. Let us not forget this. 

"During these struggles, lasting centuries, imposed by the 
Germans upon the French, they finally destroyed the Celtic, 
Gaelic and French population which inhabited the left bank of 
the Rhine. They took their place and established military bases 
in readiness for further invasions towards the west. I will not 
mention them, they are too numerous ; I will only remind you 
of the German invasion of 1870, which, for forty-eight years, 
separated us from Alsace and Lorraine, now again conquered. 

"Finally, in 1914, exactly eleven centuries after the death 
of Charlemagne, William of Hohenzollern, Emperor of Ger- 
many, concentrated his formidable armies in the territory of 
the Rhine provinces, then Germanized, and violated, in spite of 
treaties, the neutrality of Belgium. Through this infamous 
deed, the waves of barbarians spread themselves throughout 
the rich provinces of northern and eastern France, to tear those 
provinces from us and this time to exterminate their population. 

"But the soldiers of France, of Charlemagne's France, 
weakened by the loss of territory, but still strong, thanks to the 
valor of her children, were ready. 

[78] 



EVENTS FOLLOWING ARMISTICE 

"After the first surprise, the invading wave was checked 
at the Marne and thrown back upon the Aisne. During four 
years of hard fighting, from the North Sea to Switzerland, on 
the Yser, on the Somme, on the Aisne, in Champagne and at 
Verdun, the enemy was checked. And when, last May and 
July, he gathered together his forces liberated from the East 
and threw them against us in a desperate effort, the soldiers 
of France again broke up their attacks in Champagne and on 
the doubly sacred river Marne. 

"Then came the great hundred-day epoch through which 
you have just lived; when the armies of France, striking the 
enemy everywhere, giving him no respite, threw him out of 
the Vosges, from the Marne, from the Oise and from the 
shores of the Yser to the Rhine. 

"Now that the goal has been reached., the poilus of France, 
which future generations will perhaps recognize as greater 
than the grognards of Napoleon and the knights of Charle- 
magne, come to give homage to the emperor named Charles 
the Great by the historians of France because he conquered 
the Germans. 

"And now, when the German Emperor, author of this war 
which has cost humanity twenty million men and France so 
many sacrifices, so much devastation and mourning, now, when 
this vanquished and dethroned Emperor awaits nearby a just 
punishment, the victorious flags and standards of the descend- 
ants of Charlemagne's knights bow down before the tomb of 
their great ancestor. 

"His ashes will thrill with joy at the touch of the French 
tricolor, the symbol of the warlike virtues which are his legacy. 

"The traditions of tenacity, of energy, of the valor of our 
ancient race, have been preciously preserved for more than 
eleven centuries. 

"The heroes of the great war are here to-day to prove it. 

"The American flags wave near ours. They represent jus- 
tice and righteousness. 

"The great nation which holds us as a beloved sister came 
to help us throw back the German invasion. At the cost of 
much sacrifice she is victorious and has grown greater thereby. 
Her task is now accomplished. With France she pays homage 
to the great Emperor; she has followed his example in check- 

[79] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

ing the barbarians of modern times from across the Rhine and 
in beating the Huns. The French thank her." 

Following this ceremony, a review was held of the Seventh 
French Corps, the American colors and color guards following 
the French cavalry regiment which led the corps. Most of the 
Germans kept off the streets. The equestrian statue of William 
the Second was draped in mourning, but the few Germans on 
the streets uncovered as the colors passed. The Commanding 
Generals of the 37th and 91st Divisions rode with the Seventh 
Corps Commander, and the other American officers formed on 
the left of the French staff during the march past. On the 
following day the Seventh French Corps continued its march 
toward the Rhine and the American detachments moved by 
motor transport, rejoining their divisions south of Dunkerque, 
after visiting such interesting points as Liege, Namur, Bru- 
xelles, Bruges and the battlefield of Waterloo. 

Throughout almost all of the month of December the 91st 
Division was billeted in very uncomfortable quarters in Bel- 
gian and French villages south of Dunkerque. On December 
9 the 91st Division was assigned to the Second American Corps, 
Major General G. W. Read, whose headquarters were then at 
Bonnetable in Le Mans area. There was little ground near 
Rousbrugge on which to train troops. Rain fell daily. Most 
of the billets were without heat or light, and the nights were 
long. The troops were exercised along the roads and given 
leaves to visit Calais, Boulogne, Dunkerque, and the battlefield 
south of Ypres over which the British had struggled for four 
years. 

Lieut. General Bernheim visited the 91st Division December 
17 and decorated 150 members with the Belgian Croix de 
Guerre. 

Some changes in the staff had occurred. Colonel P. C. 
Field, formerly Division Surgeon, was sent to a hospital in 
Paris soon after arrival in Belgium, and Major J. G. Strohm 
acted as Division Surgeon throughout the operations in Bel- 
gium. Major H. L. Mack succeeded Colonel Coleman as As- 
sistant Chief of Staff (G-l) about October 22, and until 
November 4, when Colonel W. A. Burnside joined the Division 
under orders for assignment as Assistant Chief of Staff (G-l). 
Lieut. Colonel B. L. Bargar, I. G. D., formerly with the 37th 

[80] 




Placing abutment for bridge over canal in town of Audcnarde. City 
was badly damaged by shell fire. 



* mm*tikk£$ : '-k4'r% m^m 








Men of Company A, 316th Engineers, marching over completed pon- 
toon bridge const/meted over River Scheldt. Taken on outskirts of 
Audenarde, Belgium. 



EVENTS FOLLOWING ARMISTICE 

Division, was assigned as Division Inspector about November 
25. At least one thousand officers and men formerly wounded 
rejoined the Division during its stay in Belgium. 

On December 28 removal by rail from Rousbrugge and 
Rexpoede was commenced. Three officers had been sent ahead 
to La Ferte Bernard area to select billets, establish signal corps 
communication and receive replacements of the Division, which 
began to arrive in the La Ferte Bernard area one month before 
the Division was able to obtain trains. Commencing December 
28, the last element of the 91st Division, including the 53rd 
Field Artillery Brigade, left Belgium January 9. 

On arrival in the Le Mans area the Division, including the 
53rd Field Artillery Brigade, which was billeted seventy-five 
miles west of Division Headquarters, remained under the Com- 
manding General of the Second Corps until January 31. On 
February 1, the Second Corps was dissolved, and General Read 
took command of the American Embarkation Center, head- 
quarters at Le Mans. At the same time, the 53rd Field Artil- 
lery was detached and ordered to join its proper Division 
(28th). 

During the stay in the La Ferte Bernard area, about Jan- 
uary 1 to April 1, five hours daily were devoted to drill. Ath- 
letics and other games occupied each afternoon, and halls or 
tents were arranged for most of the forty villages at which 
billets were occupied, and entertainments were given in the 
evening. Hot baths were established in every village. Much 
attention was paid to washing of clothing, training the men in 
ceremonies, and in keeping them occupied to prevent home- 
sickness. 

On January 27 the Commander-in-Chief inspected and re- 
viewed the Division in a field near the village of Belleme. Snow 
had fallen all the day before. The roads were full of mud and 
the fields of mud covered by melting snow. Organizations 
which were billeted more than ten miles from the review 
grounds were moved by trucks. With great trouble it was 
possible to assemble the entire Division, less wagon trains, at 
the review grounds. General Pershing, after the inspection and 
before review, personally decorated a large number of officers 
and men with the Distinguished Service Cross and two enlisted 
men with the Medal of Honor. Some time after his return to 

[81] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

his headquarters, he sent the following letter to the Division 
Commander : 

American Expeditionary Forces 

Office of the Commander-in-Chief 

France, February 20, 1919. 

Major General William H. Johnston, 
Commanding 91st Division, 
A. E. F. 

My dear General Johnston : 

It gives me great pleasure to extend to you and the officers and men 
of the 91st Division my compliments upon their splendid record in 
France. 

Arriving on July 12, the Division was thrown into the active fighting 
in the Meuse-Argonne offensive without previous training in the line. 
From September 26 to October 3 it was actively engaged in this offensive, 
making an advance of thirteen kilometers against strong opposition, cap- 
turing the towns of Very, Gesnes and Epinonville. When the Division 
was withdrawn on October 3, the 181st Brigade remained in the battle 
line until October 12, its units operating with the 32nd and 1st Divisions. 
In the middle of October the Division was attached to the Seventh 
French Army Corps of the Sixth French Army in Flanders. Between 
October 31 and November 2, the Division made an advance of eleven 
kilometers, capturing the town of Audenarde. Crossing the Scheldt 
River, on November 10 and 11, the Division was in pursuit of the enemy 
when the armistice ended hostilities. 

It was gratifying to see your troops in such good physical shape, but 
still more so to know that the moral tone of all ranks is so high, which 
it is hoped will continue even after their return to civil life. 

Sincerely yours, 
(Signed) John J. Pershing. 

During the stay of the Division in the La Ferte Bernard 
area, the 160th Field Artillery Brigade (85th Division) was 
attached to the 91st Division and billeted south of La Ferte 
Bernard from February 14 to 20, when it was detached and 
returned to its proper division. 

Several organizations of the Division organized theatrical 
troupes which, after touring the area of the Division, were 
sent outside of that area to play for other commands. Night 
schools were organized under the Senior Chaplain, and 3,600 
men of the Division were attending school most of the time 
from January 1 to March 31. About March 1, the Division 
was permitted to select 250 officers and men, most of whom 
were sent to the University of Beaune, Department of Cote 

[82] 



EVENTS FOLLOWING ARMISTICE 

d'Or. Some officers and men were sent to various universities 
in France and England to take special courses. All of these 
were to remain three months, pursuing educational courses and 
returning after the Division. 

Under orders from the Commander-in-Chief, each division 
in the A. E. F. was directed to conduct a horse show. That of 
the 91st Division, managed by Lieut. Colonel T. A. Driscoll, 
Assistant Chief of Staff (G-2), was held at Nogent le Rotron 
in the afternoon of March 1. It consisted not only of riding 
and jumping, but of exhibition of various kinds of transporta- 
tion with which the Division was equipped. Prizes worth 
about $500 were purchased in Paris from the Division athletic 
fund. 

On March 8 Brigadier General J. B. McDonald decorated 
six officers and men with the Distinguished Service Cross and 
about 75 with the French Croix de Guerre. Some of the 
officers and men recommended for these decorations had been 
detached for service with the Army of Occupation, and several 
others were posthumous awards. 

On March 16 a representative of each unit of the 91st 
Division met at La Ferte Bernard, and the "91st Division Asso- 
ciation" was organized. All officers and men who had ever 
honorably served with the 91st Division were declared eligible 
to join. 

Throughout the service of the 91st Division in France and 
Belgium, representatives of the Y. M. C. A., American Red 
Cross, Knights of Columbus, had been with the Division, con- 
tributing to the welfare of officers and men. This welfare work 
was very much increased after the armistice, and materially 
served to reduce homesickness and to render the officers and 
men contented while awaiting orders to return to the United 
States. 

All units were inspected carefully by representatives of the 
American Embarkation Center before leaving the La Ferte 
Bernard area for the coast. After all the units had been pre- 
pared, and while some of them were being inspected, one thou- 
sand additional casuals joined the Division. These were billeted 
in separate towns, organized as a casual battalion, supplied 
with sufficient of the company funds to improve their messes, 
and officers of the Division were attached to them to prepare 

[83] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

their records and prepare the men for embarkation. They 
included a few men who had formerly served with the Division 
and had been evacuated to the hospitals in the rear. The other 
men had been serving in hospitals in the rear and then on guard 
duty in the service of supplies. They were very glad to join 
any division and lose their casual status. 

So diligently did the officers of the 91st Division take care 
of equipping and clothing these casuals that by the time other 
organizations had left by train for the coast this casual battalion 
was ready to leave on one of the last trains. The movement 
went forward on one or two trains daily, troops sailing from 
St.-Nazaire as fast as vessels were available. As a result of 
the congestion in the camp at St.-Nazaire, the movement by 
rail was interrupted from March 25 to 30. The Division sailed 
from St.-Nazaire between March 19 and April 6. 

Before leaving St.-Nazaire, at which place Division Head- 
quarters remained from April 1 to 6, the Division Commander 
received the following letter from Major General G. W. Read, 
commanding the American Embarkation Center: 

Headquarters, American Embarkation Center, 
A. P. O. No. 762, American E. R, 
April 1, 1919. 

From : Commanding General. 

To: Commanding General, 91st Division. 

Subject: Service of 91st Division. 

1. I desire to express to you upon the departure of your Division 
my appreciation of the character of the service of the Division with this 
command as well as with the Second Corps. 

2. It is gratifying to note in an organization the willingness to 
perform the necessary duties out of the line with the same enthusiasm 
and devotion to duty as characterized its service in active operations. 

3. The efficient manner in which the casuals who were sent to the 
Division, upon the eve of its departure, were taken care of, is an example 
of the service of an organization for the good of others less fortunately 
situated. 

4. The service of your Division with us will be remembered with 
pleasure and satisfaction. 

(Signed) G. W. Read, 

Major General, U. S. A. 

While the Division was serving in Belgium orders were 
received to submit to the Commander-in-Chief a pattern and 
description of a divisional distinctive insignia to be worn on 

[84] 



EVENTS FOLLOWING ARMISTICE 

the left shoulder of the blouse. The insignia recommended 
was a fir tree of green cloth, inscribed within a triangle with 
base of two inches and altitude two inches. This having been 
approved, orders were issued in December announcing the 
insignia and directing the Quartermaster to furnish the proper 
number for each officer and man. 

While the Division served at La Ferte Bernard the fol- 
lowing orders were issued to announce the name by which the 
Division was popularly known, the distinctive divisional in- 
signia and motto: 

Headquarters 91st Division, 
A. E. F. 

January 29, 1919. 
GENERAL ORDERS : 
No. 7. 

1. 1. The name "Wilo^\Vest. Division/^ by which this Division has 
been known since the "a f ays~oFits organization at Camp Lewis, Wash- 
ington, in 1917, is officially recognized as the distinctive divisional name. 

2. _Th e distinctive divisional design, a green fir tree, adopted as a 
personal badge, to be worn by each officer and man of the Division 
(G. O. 57, 91st Division, 1918), is emblematic not only of the foliage 
found in each State from which the personnel of this Division was 
selected, but the ever green and ever useful character of this foliage is 
emblematic also of the state of readiness and the degree of usefulness 
which has characterized, and should continue to be the aim of, each 
unit of the Division. 

3. Since this Division was ready to participate in the St.-Mihiel 
Salient operation while standing in the reserve of the First American 
Army; since it was ready to attack in the front line of the Fifth Army 
Corps, from Foret de Hesse, when the Commander-in-Chief launched 
his attack against the enemy's line of communications between the Meuse 
River and the Argonne Forest ; since some of its units were already 
entraining for Belgium before others, marching from the firing line, had 
reached the railroad; since its units never hesitated to attack the most 
formidable of the enemy's defenses in Belgium; and since its members 
are now ready, either to return to the United States and resume the 
pursuits of peace, or to continue their service wherever ordered by the 
Commander-in-Chief, the phrase "Always Ready" is adopted as the 
divisional motto. 

By command of Major General Johnston: 

Henry C. Jewett, 
Colonel, General Staff, Chief of Staff. 
Official : 
(Signed) D. J. Coman, 

Major, A. G., Adjutant. 

[85] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

Before the Division moved from American Embarkation 
Center to St.-Nazaire, the following letter was received from 
the Chief Signal Officer, American Expeditionary Forces, con- 
cerning the service of the 316th Field Signal Battalion, and 
announced as shown below: 

GENERAL ORDERS : 
No. 20. 
II. 1. The following letter, showing appreciation by the Chief 
Signal Officer, American Expeditionary Forces, of the services rendered 
by the 316th Field Signal Battalion, is published for the information of 
all officers and men of the Division : 

American Expeditionary Forces 
Office of the Chief Signal Officer 

March 5, 1919. 
From : Chief Signal Officer, A. E. F. 
To: Commanding Officer, 316th Field Signal Battalion. 

Subject: Separation of organization from American E. F. 

1. On the departure of your organization for the United States the 
Chief Signal Officer of the American E. F. desires me, in saying fare- 
well to yourself, your officers and your men, for him, to express his 
deep gratification over the fact that they have conducted themselves at all 
times while on a foreign soil in a manner true to the traditions of an 
American organization. 

2. The career of the 316th Field Signal Battalion with the 91st 
Division, and the splendid work performed by it, have been closely fol- 
lowed by the Chief Signal Officer. Division, Corps and Army Com- 
manders have been most lavish in their praise of the accomplishments of 
the Signal Corps in this war, and our Commander-in-Chief has placed 
himself on record as saying that without the aid of this service the 
successes of our armies would not have been achieved. The 316th Field 
Signal Battalion, on the record of its task well done, can look with pride 
on its share in the credit that has been reflected on this Corps. 

3. In their return home and to their pursuits in civil life, the Chief 
Signal Officer wishes that all good fortune may attend yourself and the 
members of your command. 

(Signed) Roy H. Coles, 

Lieut. Colonel, Signal Corps, 
Acting C. S. O. 

2. During the three offensives, St.-Mihiel Salient, September 12-13 ; 
Meuse-Argonne, September 26-October 12; and Ypres-Lys, October 20- 
November 11, officers and men of the 316th Field Signal Battalion con- 
tributed very materially to the splendid record made by this Division. 

[86] 



EVENTS FOLLOWING ARMISTICE 

Without the communication furnished by this Battalion within the Divi- 
sion and communication between the Division and other units, tactical 
control of units of the Division would have been very much impaired, if 
not impracticable. Its officers and men displayed gallantry in action, in 
establishing and maintaining wire and wireless communication, equal to 
that displayed by units whose function was to deliver fire and shock 
action. It usually requires more bravery to serve under fire, without 
returning the fire, than to discharge firearms at a visible enemy. The 
members of this Battalion may contemplate with pride, not only their 
technical service, but their soldierly conduct under fire, and their excel- 
lent morale, maintained throughout hostilities and since actual hostilities 
have ceased. 

By command of Major General Johnston: 

WHJ 

18:00-18:30 

Official: Henry C. Jewett, 

Colonel, General Staff, Chief of Staff. 

(Signed) D. J. Coman, 

Lieut. Colonel, A. G., 

Adjutant. 
General Distribution. 

Upon arrival in New York harbor the various units of the 
91st Division were sent to either Camp Merritt, N. J., Camp 
Mills or Camp Upton, N. Y. The personnel at that time in- 
cluded officers and men from nearly every State of the Union. 
Orders from the Port of Debarkation, Hoboken, directed the 
transfer of officers and men to the camps nearest their homes 
at the time they entered the service. The headquarters of each 
unit, with men whose residences were in the neighborhood, were 
sent to either Fort D. A. Russell, Wyoming; Camp Lewis, 
Washington; Camp Kearny, California; or Presidio of San 
Francisco. Officers and men belonging to such units whose 
homes were beyond the fixed limit were sent to other camps. 
Thus the records of the units of the 91st Division reached four 
different points of demobilization on the Pacific Coast. From 
those points, after demobilization was completed, regimental 
and national colors were sent to the States which had furnished 
the plurality of enlisted men for the various organizations at 
the time of the organization of the Division. Division Head- 
quarters were at first sent to Presidio of San Francisco. In 
May the Division Adjutant, Lieut. Colonel D. J. Coman, one 
sergeant and the records were transferred to Camp Lewis, 

[87] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

Washington, as that was the station of the Division Com- 
mander. From Camp Lewis considerable correspondence was 
conducted with former members of the Division and with the 
War Department. 

The places and dates at which various units of the Division 
were demobilized, and the States to which their colors were 
sent, appear below: 

PLACES AND DATES OF THE DEMOBILIZATION OF THE 
DIFFERENT UNITS OF THE 91ST DIVISION 

PRESIDIO OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 

363rd Infantry May 2, 1919 

348th Machine Gun Battalion May 3, 1919 

Headquarters Troop and Detachment May 5, 1919 

316th T. H. & M. P May 5, 1919 

316th Engineers May 6, 1919 

316th Supply Trains May 13, 1919 

316th Ammunition Trains May 14, 1919 

CAMP KEARNY, CALIFORNIA 

316th Field Signal Battalion May 2, 1919 

364th Infantry • • • A P ri l 23 > I 919 

FORT D. A. RUSSELL, WYOMING 

362nd Infantry April 29, 1919 

364th Machine Gun Battalion April 29, 1919 

CAMP LEWIS, WASHINGTON 

347th Machine Gun Battalion May 2, 1919 

316th Sanitary Train May 4, 1919 

361st Infantry April 30, 1919 

STATES WHICH RECEIVED THE COLORS OF THE 
DIFFERENT UNITS OF THE 91ST DIVISION 

91st Divisional Pennant California 

Headquarters Troop Guidon California 

361st Infantry Washington 

362nd Infantry Montana 

363rd Infantry California 

364th Infantry California 

346th Machine Gun Battalion Montana 

347th Machine Gun Battalion Idaho 

348th Machine Gun Battalion California 

316th Engineers California 



[88] 



ADDENDA 

COMPARISON WITH OTHER COMBAT DIVISIONS OFFICERS WHO HAVE SERVED WITH 

THE 91ST DIVISION OFFICERS AND MEN WHO RECEIVED AMERICAN DECORATIONS 

OFFICERS AND MEN WHO RECEIVED BELGIAN DECORATIONS OFFICERS AND MEN WHO 

RECEIVED FRENCH DECORATIONS THOSE WHO HAVE FALLEN 

I 

COMPARISON OF 91ST DIVISION'S SERVICE IN THE LINE 
WITH THAT OF OTHER COMBAT DIVISONS 

Revised statistics showing the total major casualties suffered 
by thirty American divisions in the battles of St.-Mihiel, the 
Meuse-Argonne, Flanders, and other operations on the West- 
ern Front have been made public by the War Department. The 
figures also give the latest official tabulations on the number of 
light and heavy artillery guns and machine guns captured by 
each division, the number of replacement troops sent to re- 
inforce them, and the number of prisoners captured by these 
divisions during the war. 

Div. Casualties Div. 

2nd 5,260 79th 

1st 5,248 27th 2,194 

28th 3,890 78th 

3rd 3,617 30th 

32nd 3,213 35th 

4th 2,986 33rd 

42nd 2,950 91st 

26th 2,864 82nd 

77th 2,692 90th 

5th 2,504 89th 1,525 88th 66 

Total Major Casualties 59,393 



ualties 


Div. 


Casualties 


2,389 


80th ... 


1,355 


2,194 


37th ... 


1,250 


1,825 


29th ... 


1,117 


1,772 


36th ... 


869 


1,772 


93rd ... 


489 


1,738 


7th ... 


326 


1,702 


81st ... 


270 


1,592 


92nd ... 


211 


1,585 


6th ..., 


122 



[89] 



THE 91st DIVISION 
Following are the number of artillery pieces captured : 



Div. No. 
2nd 343 


Div. 
77th . 

90th . 
91st . 
79th . 
37th . 
42nd . 
35th . 
29th . 

table i 

Div. 

33rd .. 
77th .. 
82nd ., 
36th .. 
79th .. 
37th .. 
29th .. 
90th .. 

risoners 

Div. 

5th .. 
27th .. 

3rd .. 
32nd ., 
90th ., 
80th ., 
37th . 
42nd .. 


No. 
44 


Div. 

32nd .... 
26th .... 


No. 
21 


89th 127 


42 


16 


5th 98 


33 


28th .... 


16 


33rd 93 


32 


82nd .... 
36th .... 


11 


80th 88 


29 


9 


30th 81 


25 

24 


78th .... 


4 


3rd 51 


Div. 

32nd 

26th 

35th 

28th 

78th 

4th 

7th 

>ws: 

Div. 

28th 

82nd 

35th 

77th 

36th 

78th 

79th 

7th 




4th 44 


21 




The machine gun 

Div. No. 
3rd 1,501 


Total. 

olio ws : 

No. 
414 


1,257 

No. 
190 


2nd 1,350 

5th 802 

80th 641 

42nd 495 

91st 471 

89th 455 

30th 426 

The number of p 

Div. No. 

2nd 12,026 

1st 6,469 


323 

311 

294 

275 

263 

250 

230 

Total. 

captured folic 

No. 

2,405 

2,355 

2,240 

2,153 

1,876 

1,813 

1,495 

1,317 

Total. . 


132 

85 

63 

43 

31 

28 

9,073 

No. 

921 

845 


89th 5,061 

33rd 3,985 

30th 3,848 

26th 3,148 

4th 2,756 

'91st 2,412 


781 

750 

549 

398 

392 

68 




60,063 



The following shows the number of replacements sent to 

each division : 

Div. No. Div. No. Div. No. 

2nd 35,343 91st 12,530 7th 4,112 

1st 30,206 35th 10,605 36th 3,397 

3rd 24,033 82nd 8,402 78th 3,190 

28th 21,717 89th 7,669 92nd 2,920 

32nd 20,140 37th 6,282 6th 2,784 

4th 19,599 79th 6,246 30th 2,384 

42nd 17,253 33rd 5,413 81st 1,984 

26th 14,411 27th 5,355 88th 731 

77th 12,728 29th 4,977 

5th 12,611 80th 



[90] 



Total 352,517 



Below is shown 

Div. No. 

77th 77V, 


A 
the kil 

Div. 

89th 
91st 
37th 
30th 

5th 
90th 

4th 
36th 
78th 


,DDEN] 
ometers 


DA 

advanc 

No. 

.. 36 
. . 34 

.. 3024 
.. 29^ 
.. 29 
.. 28^ 
.. 24y 2 
.. 21 
.. 21 


ed in action: 

Div. 

79th 


No. 

. 19 1 A 


2nd 

42nd 


.... 62 

.... 55 
.... 51 
.... 41 
.... 37 
.... 37 
.... 36 
.... 36 


82nd 

84th 


.. 17 
. 12^ 


1st 




27th 

28th 

92nd 

29th 

81st 


. 11 


3rd 

26th 




.. 10 
.. 3 


80th 




.. 7 


32nd 


Total. . 


.. sy 2 


33rd 


7th 


3 A 






... 767 



The 91st Division entered the Meuse-Argonne sector Sep- 
tember 20, 1918, suffering a few casualties due to raids by the 
Germans between that date and September 26, and assumed the 
offensive September 26. Nearly every division employed in the 
Meuse-Argonne had (before such offensive action) served 
either in offensive or in some sector of the line on the defensive. 
The 91st had no such preliminary experience under fire. In 
less than two months the armistice terminated hostilities. The 
tables above show that while the 91st was actually engaged dur- 
ing a much shorter period than many of the divisions, it cap- 
tured more artillery, machine guns and prisoners, and advanced 
a greater distance under fire, than several divisions with much 
longer experience in offensive action. 

The first table indicated that, notwithstanding this creditable 
record in personnel and material captured, the battle casualties 
(killed, or died of wounds received in action) were only 1,702. 
The Division ranking No. 17 in battle casualties. 

When the Division transferred from the firing line in the 
Meuse-Argonne to Belgium, by rail, 3 officers and more than 
400 men were carried as missing. This number included some 
who had been evacuated to the rear through hospitals other than 
those of the Division ; some who had been fighting with other 
units than their own and who rejoined their companies before 
moving by rail; but also a large number killed in action who 
could not be reported as such for lack of evidence of actual 
burial. 

An expedition by truck was sent from Belgium to the 
Meuse-Argonne battlefield in November, as a result of which 
the graves of two officers and more than 100 men (carried as 
missing) were located. 

[91] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

Another expedition was sent from La Ferte Bernard, 
France, in February, 1919, to map and photograph the Division 
zone of action, as a result of which twenty-five graves of those 
carried as missing were located in the areas of other divisions. 

Whenever any soldier returned to duty from wounded or 
sick in hospital, the list of men missing was shown him, and 
frequently men carried as missing were thus located in various 
hospitals in France. 

When the Division left France in April, 1919, Lieutenant 
Batterton, 361st Infantry, and 13 men of various units were 
still carried as missing. The War Department has since re- 
ported that four of the enlisted men returned to the United 
States, wounded, and were discharged, the graves of two others 
had been located and Lieutenant Batterton and 7 men trans- 
ferred from "missing" to "killed in action," as a result of inves- 
tigation by the Graves Registration Service. 

Although the Division included on its rolls from the time 
it left the United States until it returned nearly 40,000 officers 
and men, every officer and man has been accounted for. 

II 

AMERICAN DECORATIONS 

Congressional Medals of Honor 
MILLER, OSCAR F., MAJOR, 361ST INFANTRY. For conspicuous 
gallantry and intrepidity, above and beyond the call of duty, in action 
with the enemy near Gesnes, France, September 28, 1918. 

After two days of intense physical and mental strain during which 
Major Miller had led his battalion in the front line of the advance of 
the American Army through the Argonne Forest, the enemy was met 
in a prepared position south of Gesnes. Although practically phys- 
ically exhausted, Major Miller reorganized and personally reformed 
his battalion with great energy. In order to take the position, he 
ordered an advance but immediately upon moving into the open was 
met by heavy machine gun fire from the front and flanks and by 
direct artillery fire. The men began to hesitate, whereupon Major 
Miller, at the immediate risk of his life and with utter disregard for 
the danger, personally led his command group forward between his 
front line companies and by this conspicuous gallantry and personal 
bravery beyond the call of duty he inspired his men to push the attack 
in a charge that carried the position in spite of all resistance. As 
the Major led the attack he was shot through the right leg but never- 
theless staggered forward at the head of his men. He was again shot 
in the right arm, but continued the charge personally, cheering on 

[92] 



ADDENDA 

the troops through the heavy machine gun fire. As the objective was 
about to be reached, he received a wound through the abdomen which 
compelled him to fall to the ground. From this position and in spite 
of what proved to be his fatal wounds he encouraged to the attack 
the officers and men who passed him, telling them to leave him where 
he was and to push on to the next ridge. These acts of distinguished 
gallantry, intrepidity and self-sacrifice furnished an inspiration to his 
battalion, not only during the attack just described, but throughout 
the Argonne offensive. 

Next of kin: Mrs. Oscar F. Miller (wife), 1727 West Fifty-first 
Street, Los Angeles, California. 
KATZ, PHILLIP C, SERGEANT, CO. C, 363RD INFANTRY. For 
conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity, above and beyond the call of 
duty, in action with the enemy near Eclisfontaine, France, September 
26, 1918. 

After his company had withdrawn for a distance of 200 yards on 
a line with the units on its flanks, Sergeant Katz learned that one of 
his comrades had been left wounded in an exposed position at the 
point from which the withdrawal had taken place. Voluntarily cross- 
ing an area swept by heavy machine gun fire, Sergeant Katz advanced 
to where the wounded soldier lay and carried him to a place of safety. 

Next of kin: Mrs. Jennie Katz (mother), 173 Parker Avenue, 
San Francisco, California. 
SEIBERT, LLOYD M., SERGEANT, CO. F, 364TH INFANTRY. 

For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the 
call of duty, in action with the enemy, near Epinonville, France, Sep- 
tember 26, 1918. 

Suffering from illness, Sergeant Seibert remained with his platoon 
and led his men with the highest courage and leadership under heavy 
shell and machine gun fire. With two other soldiers, Sergeant Sei- 
bert charged a machine gun emplacement in advance of his company, 
he himself killing one of the enemy with a shotgun and capturing 
two others. In this encounter he was wounded, but he nevertheless 
continued in action and when a withdrawal was ordered, he returned 
with the last unit, assisting a wounded comrade. Later in the even- 
ing he volunteered and carried in wounded until he fainted from 
exhaustion. 

Next of kin: George Seibert (father), R. F. D. N®. 1, Salinas, 
California. 
WEST, CHESTER H., SERGEANT, CO. D, 363RD INFANTRY. 
For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity, above and beyond the call 
of duty, in action with the enemy in the Bois de Cheppy, France, 
September 26, 1918. 

When his platoon, advancing through a thick fog, was stopped 
by heavy fire from two machine guns, Sergeant West dashed for- 
ward alone under fire and killed the two enemy machine gunners, 
who were concealed in a nest, after a hand-to-hand encounter. 

Next of kin: Mrs. Mary A. Thornton (mother), Idaho Falls, 
Idaho. 

[93] 



THE 91st DIVISION 
DISTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS 

MAJOR GENERAL 

Johnston, William H Commanding Division 

BRIGADIER GENERAL 

McDonald, John B 181st Infantry Brigade 

COLONELS 

Cavenaugh, Harry LaT 363rd Infantry 

Cummings, Avery D 361st Infantry 

Davis, William D. (Deceased) . . . 361st Infantry 

Jewett, Henry C Chief of Staff 

MAJORS 

Aird, William A 348th Machine Gun Battalion 

Bradbury, Arthur W 362nd Infantry 

Farwell, George W. (Deceased) . . 361st Infantry 

Swenson, Karl J 316th Sanitary Train 

CAPTAINS 

Ackley, Ward M 363rd Infantry 

Burke, Campbell (Deceased) . . . 361st Infantry 

Chenoweth, Charles E 363rd Infantry 

Cohn, Eugene S 364th Infantry 

Coyle, William J 363rd Infantry 

Doudna, John F. M. C 362nd Infantry 

Fletcher, Allen 362nd Infantry 

Griffin, Robert A 364th Infantry 

Leavell, John H 316th Engineers 

Mitchell, Edward J 363rd Infantry 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Anderson, Walter N 363rd Infantry 

Bailey, Henry S 363rd Infantry 

Burgard, John C 362nd Infantry 

Cohn, David H. (Deceased) . . . 363rd Infantry 

Hill, Lloyd G 363rd Infantry 

Jansen, Louis B. (Deceased) . . . 361st Infantry 

Lee, Arthur T 364th Infantry 

Merel, Robert French Mission 

Strain, James F 363rd Infantry 

Swift, Joseph (Deceased) .... 362nd Infantry 

Vincent, James A 363rd Infantry 

Yantis, Ernest M 363rd Infantry 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS 

Van Voris, Howard H. (Deceased) . 364th Infantry 
Worthy, Elmer T 362nd Infantry 



[94] 



ADDENDA 

BATTALION SERGEANT MAJORS 

Bolin, Herald E Hdqrs. Co., 363rd Infantry 

Craven, Howard Hdqrs. Co., 361st Infantry 



FIRST SERGEANTS 



Brimer, Frank M. (Deceased) . 

Harder, Fred J 

Hoffman, Myron I. (Deceased) 
Malcolmson, Bruce K. . . . 

Marsh, John 

Weik, Irving C 



Co. B, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Co. M, 364th Infantry 
Co. M, 363rd Infantry 
Co. H, 364th Infantry 
Co. K, 362nd Infantry 
Co. I, 363rd Infantry 



SERGEANTS FIRST CLASS 



Collings, P. T Med. Dept., 316th Engineers 

Kerwin, Joseph N Co. F, 316th Engineers 

Maddox, John Co. F, 316th Engineers 

Reilley, Chas. R Co. F, 316th Engineers 



SERGEANTS 



(Deceased) 



M. 



Anderson, Oliver 
Angell, Howard M 
Anthony, Harold B 
Bell, John A. . 
Bosone, Peter P. 
Bridenstine, Leslie 
Brock, Edward J. 
Burton, Milton G. 
Ethier, Ralph . 
Guess, John, Jr. (Deceased) 
Hassler, Rudolph P 
Hopping, Floyd 
Hughes, George E. 
Kirk, Richard M. . 
Kouts, William N. 
McRae, Duncan K. 
Marshall, Allen J. . 
Moore, Harold C. . 
Norris, Steve G. 
Olsen, Fred . 
Perdew, Ernest E. 
Peterson, Soloman 
Presley, Albert C. . 
Ramsey, Henry 
Rees, John 
Reese, John E. . 
Reggardio, Antonio 
Ross, Karl E. (Deceased) 
Smith, Nat R 



Co. L, 362nd Infantry 

Co. F, 362nd Infantry 

Co. D, 362nd Infantry 

Mach Gun Co., 363rd Infantry 

Co. F, 362nd Infantry 

Co. F, 316th Engineers 

Supply Co., 364th Infantry 

Co. E, 316th Engineers 

Hdqrs. Co., 364th Infantry 

Co. H, 364th Infantry 

Co. K, 362nd Infantry 

Co. L, 363rd Infantry 

Co. B, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Co. H, 361st Infantry 

Co. D, 361st Infantry 

Co. M, 362nd Infantry 

Mach. Gun Co., 363rd Infantry 

Co. C, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Co. G, 364th Infantry 

Mach. Gun Co., 364th Infantry 

Co. E, 364th Infantry 

Co. I, 362nd Infantry 

Hdqrs. Co., 363rd Infantry 

Co. F, 362nd Infantry 

Co. M, 361st Infantry 

Co. F, 316th Engineers 

Co. K, 363rd Infantry 

Mach. Gun Co., 363rd Infantry 

Co. K, 361st Infantry 



[95] 



THE 91st DIVISION 



SERGEANTS 



Stroman, Henry H. 
Thorf, Abraham M. 
Walker, Carol . . 
Wight, Howard M. 
Yuill, Julius O. . . 
Zilkey, Guy L. . 
Zimmerman, Arthur P 



Allen, Leslie . . 
Ball, Ernest W. . 
Carley, Victor A. . 
Carter, Michael 
Craddock, John E. 
Cramer, John W. . 
Cullen, Michael J. . 
Cur ran, Fred F. 
Edwards, Norman E, 
Ehlers, Carl H. . 
Figgins, Charles R. 
Froman, Hjalmar . 
King, Jesse L. (Deceased) 
Lister, John M. (Deceased) 
Lowe, John C. . 
O'Keefe, Daniel J. . 
Ross, Leo L. 
Strother, Harold C. 
Sullivan, Joseph J. 
Theobold, Carl G. . 
Wallace, Joseph A. 



Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. B, 361st Infantry 
Co. K, 363rd Infantry 
Co. I, 361st Infantry 
Co. M, 361st Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 



CORPORALS 



Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. H, 361st Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 
Hdqrs. Co., 361st Infantry 
Co. A, 316th Military Police 
Co. H, 361st Infantry 
Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. B, 363rd Infantry 
Co. H, 364th Infantry 
Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 
Co. K, 363rd Infantry 
Co. C, 364th Infantry 
Co. B, 361st Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
Co. M, 362nd Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 



BUGLER 



Walston, Ray E Co. M, 361st Infantry 



COOK 



Johnson, Ragnvald G 361st Infantry 



PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 



Alexander, Leon A 
Bailey, Ivan Y. 
Benoit, Henry N. 
Crawford, Ned 
Drees, A. J. . . 
Klaviter, Emil O. 
Maier, Carl J. . 
Palmer, Harry H. 
Prevost, Philip W. 



Co. B, 348th M. G. Bn. 
Co. B, 361st Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 
Co. B, 316th F. S. Bn. 
M. G. Co., 364th Infantry 
M. G. Co., 362nd Infantry 
Co. I, 362nd Infantry 
Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. D, 364th Infantry 



[96 



ADDENDA 



PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 



Rexroth, Harry J 364th Ambulance Co. 

Rose, Harold W 364th Ambulance Co. 

Sembertrant, Frank M. G. Co., 364th Infantry 



PRIVATES 



Alonzo, Eugene C. . . 
Borton, Edward W. . 
Bower, James R. (Deceased) 
Chittum, Warren A. . . 
Clauson, Oscar .... 
Holzman, George . 
Jack, Daniel O. 
Kay, Ivan S. (Deceased) 
Knoke, Eugene F. . 

Lee, Theo F 

Leeb, Joseph .... 
LeMay, Joseph J. . . . 
Presley, Earl C. 
Rodgers, James F. . . 

Roselli, H 

Simas, Manuel .... 
Smith, Albert L. . . . 
Smith, Wallace W. . . 
Sorenson, John H. . . 
Straabe, Gilbert 
Supler, John M. 
Thompson, Cecil E. (Deceased) 
Tveten, Hans L 



M. G. Co., 364th Infantry 
M. G. Co., 364th Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. F, 362nd Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
Co. F, 362nd Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
Co. M, 362nd Infantry 
Co. H, 362nd Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 
Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. L, 363rd Infantry 
Co. F, 361st Infantry 
Co. C, 364th Infantry 
M. G. Co., 364th Infantry 
Co. L, 361st Infantry 
M. G. Co., 364th Infantry 
Co. D, 361st Infantry 
Co. L, 364th Infantry 
Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. K, 362nd Infantry 



DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL 

MAJOR GENERAL 

Johnston, William H Commanding Division 

BRIGADIER GENERALS 

McDonald, John B . 181st Infantry Brigade 

Price, Wm. G., Jr 53rd F. A. Brigade 

COLONEL 

Jewett, Henry C Chief of Staff 



[97] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

III 

BELGIAN DECORATIONS 

Commander of the Order of Leopold 

MAJOR GENERAL 

Johnston, William H Commanding Division 

Officer of the Order of Leopold 

COLONEL 

Jewett, Henry C Chief of Staff 

Chevalier of the Order of Leopold II 

SERGEANT 

Christenson, John Co. D, 348th M. G. Bn. 

Decoration Militaire 

FIRST SERGEANT 

Shimel, Firm F Co. B, 316th F. S. Bn. 

Croix de Guerre 

BRIGADIER GENERALS 

Caldwell, V. A 182nd Infantry Brigade 

McDonald, John B 181st Infantry Brigade 

COLONEL 

Burnside, William A Hdqrs. 91st Division 

LIEUTENANT COLONELS 

Coman, Daniel J Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Voohries, Gordon 364th Infantry 

MAJORS 

Bonte, Harmon S 316th Engineers 

Colbert, John W 316th Sanitary Train 

Dickinson, Friend S 361st Infantry 

Goodpaster, Ora 361st Infantry 

Humphries, Lester W 364th Infantry 

Mack, Harold L Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Robson, Ralph E. 316th Engineers 

CAPTAINS 

Brinkop, Walter . •. 364th Infantry 

Burton, Harold H 361st Infantry 

Coakley, William P Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Coleman, Fred B 361st Infantry 

Evans, DeWitte M 363rd Infantry 

Ferrer, Paul T 348th M. G. Bn. 



[98 



ADDENDA 

CAPTAINS 

Hjelte, Carl G 364th Infantry 

Hoover, Hubert D Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Howard, Merle G 316th Sanitary Train 

Keen, Delprat 316th Engineers 

Mitchell, Edward J 363rd Infantry 

Schloss, Lynn A 316th Engineers 

Sever, Frank S 363rd Infantry 

Stevens, Pat M 362nd Infantry 

Whitney, Arthur St. John .... 348th M. G. Bn. 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Bissett, David A 361st Infantry 

Brittan, Arthur 364th Infantry 

Brockway, Marshall F 316th Supply Train 

Coburn, Clinton K. (Deceased) . . 362nd Infantry 

deBalaine, Gontran D 316th Tr. Hdqrs. and M. P. 

DeVane, James F 348th M. G. Bn. 

Dorris, Benjamin F 362nd Infantry 

Douglas, Lewis W Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Dumett, Ray E 346th M. G. Bn. 

Foulston, Sidney L 316th Supply Train 

Fromwiller, Harold P 363rd Infantry 

Garner, Robert F 348th M. G. Bn. 

Hess, Gordon C 316th Engineers 

Hudelson, Charles H 361st Infantry 

Kane, Robert T 316th Tr. Hdqrs. and M. P. 

Lindberg, Gustaf H 363rd Infantry 

Maguire, Leo M 316th Sanitary Train 

Prouty, Chester H 316th Engineers 

Rexroad, Charles A., Chaplain . . . Hdqrs. 91st Di/ision 

Rubush, Joseph W i . Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Spooner, Lloyd S 363rd Infantry 

Sylva, Francis K 316th Tr. Hdqrs. and M. P. 

Williams, Ray T. . " 362nd Infantry 

Wilson, Bryant, Chaplain .... 364th Infantry 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS 

Grant, George R. . . .... 364th Infantry 

Kelly, John A. (Deceased) .... 362nd Infantry 

Mahon, John P. (Deceased) . . . 362nd Infantry 

ARMY FIELD CLERK 

Tracy, Malcolm C Hdqrs. 91st Division 

REGIMENTAL SERGEANT MAJOR 

Herscovitz, James I Hdqrs. 182nd Infantry Brigade 



[99] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

BATTALION SERGEANT MAJORS 

Bryant, David W 361st Infantry 

McGovern, Patrick J 316th Tr. Hdqrs. and M. P. 

Morris, Victor E Hdqrs. Co., 362nd Infantry 



FIRST SERGEANTS 



Christensen, Martin 

Kirkpatrick, Roscoe C. (Deceased) 
McDonald, Thomas 



Co. B, 364th Infantry 
Co. C, 364th Infantry 
Co. D, 347th M. G. Bn. 



SERGEANTS FIRST CLASS 



Cohen, Bert 
Davies, D-an K. . 
Smith, Otis H. . 



316th Sanitary Train 

Co. C, 316th Field Signal Bn. 

Co. D, 316th Engineers 



SERGEANTS 



Beach, Cecil C. . 
Bell, John A. . 
Brock, Edward J. 
Carle, George A. 
Crofts, Truman W 
Easter, Millard J. 
Fackrell, Otto E. 
Hansen, Paul B. 
Hanson, Newton L, 
Haysley, Roy W. 
Johnson, Daniel W 
Jones, Warren . 
Lammers, Louis 
Line, William . 
Mason, Chester S 
McBride, Earl . 
McDonald, George A 
Mikesell, Lewis D. 
Moore, Maurice O. 
Murphy, Guy . 
Nelson, Harry T. . 
Norder, Van Alfred 
Parsley, Archie D. 
Pearce, Grafton C. 
Pratt, Arnold B. . 
Schwartz, John 
Sievers, Peter F. . 
Spurgeon, Ellis L. . 
Stratton, William P. 
Wallace, Oliver M. 
Wilkinson, William A 



Co. E, 362nd Infantry 
M. G. Co., 363rd Infantry 
Supply Co., 364th Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
M. G. Co., 362nd Infantry 
Co. M, 361st Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
363rd Field Hospital Co. 
Co. B, 364th Infantry 
-Co. M, 361st Infantry 
Co. H, 363rd Infantry 
Co. B, 364th Infantry 
Co. F. 363rd Infantry 
Co. C, 364th Infantry 
Co. G, 363rd Infantry 
Co. D, 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Co. I, 361st Infantry 
Co. M, 362nd Infantry 
Co. E, 362nd Infantry 
Co. C, 363rd Infantry 
Co. C, 316th Field Signal Bn. 
Co. C, 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Co. D', 363rd Infantry 
Co. E, 361st Infantry 
Co. E, 362nd Infantry 
Co. L, 361st Infantry 
Co. C, 363rd Infantry 
Med. Dept, 363rd Infantry 
Co. B, 364th Infantry 
Co. L, 363rd Infantry 
Co. F, 316th Engineers 



[100] 



ADDENDA 



Berry, Edgar L. 
Cornwall, Leo M. 



MESS SERGEANT 

. . . . Co. A, 347th M. G. Bn. 



SUPPLY SERGEANT 

. . . . Co. A, 316th Engineers 



CORPORALS 



Annette, William H. 
Birch, R. . . . 
Boscacci, Antone . 
Browning, John W. 
Calkins, Wilford C. 
Deuschle, Fred . . 
Fries, Dary H. . . 
Hobson, Vivian T. 
Hofhines, Elm D. . 
Hughes, Earl F. 
Jacobs, Lloyd T. . 
Kaminski, Herman 
McGrail, Fred C. . 
Seaman, Edward F. 
Thompson, Roy A. 
Vernon, Richard M. 



Co. C, 361st Infantry 

■Co. B, 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Co. D,.363rd Infantry 

Mach. Gun Co., 363rd Infantry 

Co. F, 362nd Infantry 

Co. M, 363rd Infantry 

Supply Co., 364th Infantry 

Co. M, 363rd Infantry 

Co. L, 362nd Infantry 

Mach. Gun Co., 361st Infantry 

Co. K, 362nd Infantry 

Co. I, 362nd Infantry 

Co. E, 316th Engineers 

Hdqrs. Co., 361st Infantry 

Hdqrs. Co., 361st Infantry 

Co. K, 363rd Infantry 



SADDLER 

Eubanks, Bernard M 316th Military Police 

WAGONERS 

Kamphefner, Wallace E 316th Military Police 

Reilly, Albert R 361st Ambulance Co. 

COOKS 

Adolph, Alexander Co. F, 364th Infantry 

Crossland, Bert S. (Deceased) . . . 316th Military Police 

Harper, George A Co. M, 364th Infantry 

Ruff, Louis F Co. F, 364th Infantry 



PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 



Davie, Orrin W. 
Finch, Robert M. 
Finley, Leo M. . 
Hanson, Ernest A. 
Johns, Henry L. 
Kinch, Stewart 
Linse, John G. . 
Lyons, Joseph A. 
Murray, Earl A. 
Nix, Lloyd S. . 



Co. D, 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Ord. Dept, 364th Infantry 
Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 
Co. B„ 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 
Co. B, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Co. L, 361st Infantry 
Co. F, 364th Infantry 
Co. E, 361st Infantry 
Supply Co., 364th Infantry 



[101 



THE 91st DIVISION 



PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 



Pearson, Fred A. L. . 
Rein, Paul F. . . . 
Sanderson, Charles M. 
Schultz, Frank . 
Silverman, Sol . 
Snyder, Karl . . . 



Albrecht, Phillip 
Cook, Carl M. . 
Eckert, Mathew I 
Friebel, Paul 
Gulley, Charles 
Hagaman, Roy . 
Larson, John M. 
Machado, John E. 
Newlun, Jesse A. 
Oedewaldt, Roger 
Tucker, Irvin P. 
Tait, Alexander 
Ware, David C. 
Wenger, John . 
Whiting, John E. 



Co. C, 361st Infantry 
Co. M, 361st Infantry 
Co. B, 316th Field Signal Bn. 
Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 
Med. Dept., 362nd Infantry 
Co. H, 361st Infantry 



PRIVATES 



Co. K, 362nd Infantry 
Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 
Med. Dept, 361st Infantry 
Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 
Co. D, 363rd Infantry 
Co. C, 362nd Infantry 
Co. C, 364th Infantry 
Co. K, 364th Infantry 
Co. H, 361st Infantry 
Hdqrs. Co., 362nd Infantry 
Co. A, 362nd Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 
Co. H, 362nd Infantry 
Co. A, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 



IV 

FRENCH DECORATIONS 
Croix de Guerre 



ARMY CITATION 

MAJOR GENERAL 

Johnston, William H Commanding Division 

MAJOR 

Aird, William A 348th Machine Gun Battalion 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Lee, Arthur T 364th Infantry 

Meslier, J French Mission 

Tayler, Matthew B 181st Infantry Brigade 

SECOND LIEUTENANT 

Brocupp, H. A 363rd Infantry 

[102] 



ADDENDA 

SERGEANTS 



Hoffman, Myron I. 
Parr, Fred A. . 



Co. M, 363rd Infantry 
Co. C, 364th Infantry 



PRIVATES 



Burre, Carrol O. 
Vavasis, Andres 



Co. I, 363rd Infantry 
Co. I, 363rd Infantry 



CORPS CITATION 

LIEUTENANT COLONEL 

Berry, Stanley F 316th Sanitary Train 

CAPTAINS 

Cogswell, Harold 316th Engineers 

Leavell, John H 316th Engineers 



SERGEANTS 



Bridenstine, Leslie 
Davis, Reginald W. 
Kerwin, Joseph N. 
Kirk, Robert M. . 
Maddox, John . 
Reese, John E. . 



Co. F, 316th Engineers 
Co. D, 316th Engineers 
Co. F, 316th Engineers 
Co. H, 361st Engineers 
Co. F, 316th Engineers 
Co. F, 316th Engineers 



Steffgen, Frederick W. 



SERGEANT FIRST CLASS 

Co. D, 316th Engineers 



CORPORALS 

Britigan, Robert Co. D, 316th Engineers 

Cramer, John W Co. H, 361st Infantry 

Johnson, Carl S Co. D, 316th Engineers 

Lowe, John C Co. C, 364th Infantry 

PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 

Economu, William N Co. D, 316th Engineers 

Rose, Harold W 364th Ambulance Co. 



PRIVATES 



Byrom, Harry I. 
Sorenson, John O. 
Trefz, John . . 



Co. L, 363rd Infantry 
Co. D, 316th Engineers 
Co. L, 363rd Infantry 



[103] 



THE 91st DIVISION 
DIVISION CITATION 



COLONELS 

Bennett, Lucius C 364th Infantry 

Jewett, Henry C Chief of Staff 

LIEUTENANT COLONELS 

Driscoll, Thomas A Hdqrs., 91st Division 

Endicott, Francis C 316th Tr. Hdqrs. and M. P. 

Lynn, Clark '. . Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Powell, Orman N 316th Engineers 

Strohm, John G Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Wyman, Charles L Hdqrs. 91st Division 

MAJORS 

Lewis, Floyd D 316th Sanitary Train 

McColloch, Frank C 363rd Infantry 

Swenson, Karl J 316th Sanitary Train 

CAPTAINS 

Beard, John W., Chaplain .... 361st Infantry 

Gibbs, Oscar C 363rd Infantry 

Kuykendall, John E 316th Sanitary Train 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Boyd, James, Jr 363rd Infantry 

Geren, Preston M 316th Engineers 

BATTALION SERGEANT MAJOR 

Adams, Kenneth C Hdqrs. 91st Division 

SERGEANTS 

Benner, William J 346th Machine Gun Battalion 

Fox, Samuel J Hdqrs. Co., 363rd Infantry 

Kay, Kendall K Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Slocum, DeWitte E Co. C, 316th Field Signal Bn. 

CORPORALS 

Fleming, Isaac L Co. M, 363rd Infantry 

Gallagher, Peter R Co. M, 363rd Infantry 

WAGONER 

Rippey, Hugh F Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 

PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 

Keeler, Clinton D 364th Ambulance Co. 

Payne, Sidney R Co. M, 363rd Infantry 

Rexroth, Harry J 364th Ambulance Co. 



[104 



ADDENDA 

PRIVATES 



Altpeter, Charles E. , 
Brookbank, Orson H. 
Insco, John . . . , 



Co. G, 363rd Infantry 

Hdqrs. Co., 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

364th Ambulance Co. 



REGIMENTAL CITATION 

COLONEL 

Cavanaugh, Harry LaT 363rd Infantry 

MAJOR 

Sutphen, Joseph W 362nd Infantry 

CAPTAINS 

Trouchet, Francois 361st Infantry 

Welch, Edward L 363rd Infantry 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Gardine, Chas. A 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Goertz, Walter A 316th Engineers 

Manning, James M. W 363rd Infantry 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS 

McNeese, Thomas J 362nd Infantry 

Stone, William B 362nd Infantry 



SERGEANTS 



Anderson, David C. . 
Anderson, John 
Anderson, Oliver . 
Cass, George R. 
Hoye, Simon (Deceased) 
Johnson, Edward C. . 
Marsh, John . . . 
O'Brinne, Tim . 
Pernetti, Antoine T. . 
Ramsey, Henry 
Sewell, Clarence E. 
Zilkey, Guy L. . . . 



Alderman, Leon S. 
MacElhoney. Charles H. 
Strother, Harold C. . 



Mach. Gun Co., 362nd Infantry 

Co. I, 362nd Infantry 

Co. L, 362nd Infantry 

Co. A, 362nd Infantry 

Co. K, 362nd Infantry 

Co. C, 363rd Infantry 

Co. K, 362nd Infantry 

Co. D, 362nd Infantry 

Co. A, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Co. F, 362nd Infantry 

Co. L, 364th Infantry 

Co. L, 362nd Infantry 



CORPORALS 



Co. K, 362nd Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
Co. L, 362nd Infantry 



[105] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

COOKS 

Kurtz, Frank G Co. 363rd Infantry 

Gandolfo, Joseph L Co. 363rd Infantry 

PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 

Reasoner, Edward J Co. F, 362nd Infantry 



PRIVATES 



Cleary, George W. 
Herron, James M. . . 
McKenzie, Norman J. 
Simkins, James C. . 
Supler, John M. 
Tessier, Eddie . 
Trione, Victor . 



Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
Hdqrs. Dept, 361st Infantry 
Co. M, 362nd Infantry 
Co. M, 362nd Infantry 
Co. L, 364th Infantry 
Co. F, 362nd Infantry- 
Co. C, 363rd Infantry 



LIST OF RECOMMENDATIONS SUBMITTED FOR FRENCH 

DECORATIONS WHILE DIVISION HEADQUARTERS 

WERE LOCATED AT LA FERTE BERNARD 

Commander of the Legion of Honor 

MAJOR GENERAL 

Will'am H. Johnston Commanding 

Officer of the Legion of Honor 

COLONEL 

Jewett, Henry C Chief of Staff 

LIEUTENANT COLONELS 

Endicott, Francis C 316th Tr. Hdqrs. and M. P. 

Lynn, Clark ' Asst. Chief of Staff 

Chevalier of the Legion of Honor 

COLONEL 

Bennett, Lucius 364th Infantry 

LIEUTENANT COLONELS 

Wyman, Charles L Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Driscoll, Thomas A Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Bargar, B. L Division Inspector 

MAJOR 

Mack, Harold L Hdqrs. 91st Division 

[106] 



ADDENDA 

CAPTAIN 

Kidder, Alfred V Hdqrs. 91st Division 

Military Medal 

CORPORALS 

Downey, John C Hdqrs. 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Erikson, Axel Co. M, 362nd Infantry 

Cross, David L Co. L, 363rd Infantry 

PRIVATES 

Vavasio, Andres Co. I, 363rd Infantry 

Burre, Carrol O Co. I, 363rd Infantry 

SERGEANTS 

Parr, Fred A Co. C, 364th Infantry 

Buchanan, Delbert Co. L, 362nd Infantry 

REGIMENTAL SERGEANT MAJOR 

Herscovitz, James I, Hdqrs. 182nd Brigade 

PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 

Amacher, Andrew Co. C, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Trapp, William J. C Co. C, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

FIRST SERGEANTS 

Lawton, Andrew J Co. C, 363rd Infantry 

Whitworth, Chas. E " . Co. I, 362nd Infantry 

Medal of Honor tvith Vermillion Swords 

LIEUTENANT COLONEL 

Strohm, John G Hdqrs. 91st Division 

CAPTAIN 

Wood, Bertram C American Red Cross 

Medal of Honor with Silver Swords 

MASTER HOSPITAL SERGEANT 

Salmon, Thomas Hdqrs. 91st Division 

SERGEANTS 

Madison, Carl R 364th Field Hosp. Co. 

Carroll, John H 364th Field Hosp. Co. 

Medal of Honor with Bronze Swords 



[107] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

PRIVATES 

Hill, Howard 363rd Field Hosp. Co. 

Pippy, William H 363rd Field Hosp. Co. 

Wade, Francis T 364th Field Hosp. Co. 

Marteeny, Earl H 363rd Field Hosp. Co. 

Lawrence, Jess F 363rd Ambulance Co. 

Stein, Cornelius 364th Field Hosp. Co. 

MEDAILLE DES EPIDEMIES 

LIEUTENANT COLONEL 

Mount, Frank R Hdqrs. 91st Division 

PRIVATES 

Thormodsgard, Olaf H 361st Field Hosp. Co. 

Menli, Ernest A 361st Field Hospital 

Vissman, Paul M 364th Field Hospital 

SERGEANT FIRST CLASS 

Jensen, Andy B 362nd Field Hospital 

PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 

Lougenour, Carl 362nd Field Hospital 

Geller, Borus H 362nd Field Hospital 

Penson, George 363rd Field Hospital 



ARMY CITATIONS 

SERGEANTS 

Marshall, Allen J Mach. Gun Co., 363rd Infantry 

Guth, Henry Co. K, 362nd Infantry 

Passenger, Allen L Co. H, 361st Infantry 

CORPORAL 

Montgomery, George Co. E, 362nd Infantry 

SECOND LIEUTENANT 

Stevenson, Richard H 316th Field Signal Bn. 

PRIVATE 

Heinzs, Conrad Co. L, 362nd Infantry 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Barbee, Thomas L 362nd Infantry 

Leonberger, William 316th Field Signal Bn. 



[108 



ADDENDA 

BATTALION SERGEANT MAJOR 

Bolin, Herald E 363rd Infantry 

PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 

Hoffert, Carl A Co. I, 362nd Infantry 

Hansen, George R Co. C, 364th Infantry 

SERGEANT FIRST CLASS 

Paulson, Frederick R Co. E, 316th Engineers 

CORPS CITATIONS 

SERGEANTS 

Putnam, Clarence E Co. A, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Subia, Enos Co. G, 361st Infantry 

Sullivan, Michael J Co. M, 362nd Infantry 

Ash, Lucies E Co. M, 362nd Infantry 

CORPORALS 

Oatfield, Royal . . Co. G, 361st Infantry 

Hill, George H Co. C, 363rd Infantry 

Thompson, Peter Co. E, 362nd Infantry 

PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 

Throop, George Co. C, 348th Infantry 

Campbell, Donald Co. C, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

MAJOR 

Garrison, Walter E 363rd Infantry 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Cobb, Forest A 363rd Infantry 

Cope, Lorin V 362nd Infantry 

Robinson, Charles J 316th Field Signal Bn. 

CAPTAIN 

McClintock, Thomas E 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 

WAGONER 

Wanless, Rupert A 363rd Ambulance Co. 

MASTER SIGNAL ELECTRICIAN 

Baddley, Leo W Co. C, 316th Field Signal Bn. 

CHAUFFEUR 

Salisbury, Harold M Co. B, 316th Field Signal Bn. 

[109] 



THE 91st DIVISION 



PRIVATES 



Wherry, Melvin F Co. L, 362nd Infantry 

Wistrand, Oscar Co. L, 361st Infantry 

Collins, Morris J Co. M, 362nd Infantry 

FIRST SERGEANTS 

Hague, Raymond J Co. E, 361st Infantry 

Poole, James E Co. L, 361st Infantry 

Smith, Richard L Co. C, 361st Infantry 

SECOND LIEUTENANT 

Carroll, Lawrence K 362nd Infantry 

DIVISION CITATIONS 

COLONEL 

Woolnough, James B 362nd Infantry 

LIEUTENANT COLONEL 

Hanson, Arthur W 362nd Infantry 

CAPTAINS 

Woodville, Robert 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Hilgenberg, James F Med. Corps, 362nd Infantry 

Thomas Edwin S 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Wemple, Emmett M 316th Field Signal Bn. 

SERGEANTS 

Cameron, Alex Co. 1, 362nd Infantry 

Emow, Frank C Co. C, 361st Infantry 

Rasmussen, Nels Co. C, 316th Engineers 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Bolton, L. E 364th Infantry 

Barrows, Alfred L 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Merrcll, Elberto E 347th Mach. Gun Bn. 

Gardner, Robert E 316th Engineers 

MAJOR 

Curtis, William H 181st Infantry Brigade 

PRIVATE FIRST CLASS 

Neihart, Raymond Hdqrs. Co., 363rd Infantry 

CHAPLAIN 

Davis, Ralph E 362nd Infantry 

[110] 



ADDENDA 

SERGEANTS FIRST CLASS 

Wilson, Robert V 364th Ambulance Co. 

Antreasian, Antreas Med. Dept, 316th Tr. Hdqrs. 

Stahl, George L Co. A, 316th Engineers 

Watkins, William H Co. B, 316th Engineers 

PRIVATE 

Eby, Daniel A Med. Dept., 348th M. G. Bn. 

BUGLER 

Young, John W. . . . I . . . Co. M, 361st Infantry 

CORPORAL 

Niemi, Oscar P Co. C, 363rd Infantry 

MASTER ENGINEER 

Leys, William 316th Engineers 

WAGONER 

Henry, H. J. . . - 316th Tr. Hdqrs. and M. P. 

SECOND LIEUTENANT 

Bennett, Max Hdqrs. 91st Division 

ARMY FIELD CLERK 

Solomon, Samuel L Hdqrs. 91st Division 

REGIMENTAL SERGEANT MAJOR 

Conner, Carey S Hdqrs. 91st Division 

BATTALION SERGEANT MAJOR 

Purcell, Milton M Hdqrs. 91st Division 

PRIVATE FIRST CLASS 

Jacobson, Jacob C Co. E, 316th Engineers 



REGIMENTAL CITATIONS 

SERGEANTS 



Keys, George W. . 
Wright, Roy . . 
Sparrow, Patrick J. 
Burns, Thomas R. . 
Gano, Marshall V. 
Benefield, Malcolm J. 
Williams, Floyd T. 



Co. L, 362nd Infantry 
Co. I, 361st Infantry 
Co. H, 361st Infantry 
Co. I, 361st Infantry 
Co. I, 361st Infantry 
362nd Ambulance Co. 
Co. I, 361st Infantry 



[in] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

CORPORALS 

Larson, Clifford F. W Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 

Garen, Ernest A 364th Ambulance Co. 

Nelson, Berthel L Co. I, 361st Infantry 

Burrell, Boss Co. M, 361st Infantry 

Boyd, John A Co. C, 361st Infantry 



PRIVATES FIRST CLASS 



Tuttle, Hiram C. . 
Bates, Frank 
Stave, Thomas . . 
Spear, Benton . 
Gotsman, Louis 
Pittman, Carl O. . 
Martin, Harold 
Sharp, Elmer E. . 
Little, Everette H. 
Larken, Owen B. . 
Garcia, Antonio P. 
Parks, Carl . . . 



Hdqrs. Co., 363rd Infantry 
Co. C, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Co. F, 361st Infantry 
Mach. Gun Co., 364th Infantry 
Co. C, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Co. C, 316th Engineers 
Mach. Gun Co., 361st Infantry 
Mach. Gun Co., 361st Infantry 
Co. F, 361st Infantry 
Co. K, 361st Infantry 
Hdqrs. Co., 363rd Infantry 
Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 



PRIVATES 



Pyle, Ray M. . . 
Peterson, William F. 
Haeckel, Chris A. . 
Krueger, William A. 
Dale, Clarence N 




Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 
Co. C, 316th Engineers 
Co. D, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Co. C, 348th Mach. Gun Bn. 
Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 



CHAPLAIN 



Whitney, Arthur C 364th Infantry 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Evans, Harry 362nd Infantry 

Vanleer, Blake R 316th Engineers 

McLaughlin, James R 361st Infantry 

Johnson, Frank R 361st Infantry 



CAPTAINS 



Caldwell, George A 364th Infantry 

Strong, William R 363rd Infantry 

WAGONERS 

Zyph, Ona E Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 

Gardner, Lyle E Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 

Grafft, John A Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 

Hansen, Carl L Hdnrs. Troop, 91st Division 

Dodge, Harold W Hdqrs. Troop, 91st Division 

[112] 



ADDENDA 

BATTALION SERGEANT MAJOR 

Bryant, David W 361st Infantry 

MESS SERGEANT 

Morton, John F Co. L, 361st Infantry 

SUPPLY SERGEANT 

Davis, William P Co. M, 363rd Infantry 

SECOND LIEUTENANT 

Campbell, Edward E Hdqrs. 91st Division 



V 

OFFICERS WHO HAVE SERVED WITH THE 91ST DIVISION 
HEADQUARTERS 

COMMANDING 

Henry A. Greene Major General 

Frederick S. Foltz Brigadier General 

William H. Johnston Major General 

AIDES-DE-CAMP TO MAJOR GENERAL GREENE 

Maurice D. Welty, Infantry Captain 

George P. Raymond, Infantry First Lieutenant 

Paul C. Jones, Infantry First Lieutenant 

AIDES-DE-CAMP TO BRIGADIER GENERAL FOLTZ 

Alfred V. Kidder, Infantry First Lieutenant 

Lewis W. Douglas, F. A First Lieutenant 

AIDES-DE-CAMP TO MAJOR GENERAL JOHNSTON 

Herbert A. Robertson, F. A First Lieutenant 

Joseph W. Rubush, Infantry First Lieutenant 

Albert S. MacDonell, Infantry First Lieutenant 

Claude D. Johns, Jr., Infantry Captain 

Owen Summers, Jr., Infantry Captain 

CHIEF OF STAFF 

Herbert J. Brees, G. S Colonel 

Henry C. Jewett, G. S Colonel 

ASSISTANT CHIEF OF STAFF 

Francis W. Clark, G. S Lieutenant Colonel 



[113] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

ASSISTANT CHIEF OF STAFF (g-1) 

Frederick W. Coleman, G. S Colonel 

William A. Burnside, G. S Colonel 

ASSISTANTS TO G-1 

Harold L. Mack, Infantry Major 

Charles F. Startzman, Q. M. C Captain 

Harry L. Evans, Infantry First Lieutenant 

Henry C Brock, Infantry First Lieutenant 

ASSISTANT CHIEF OF STAFF (G-2) 

Thomas A. Driscoll, G. S Lieutenant Colonel 

ASSISTANTS TO G-2 

Alfred V. Kidder, Infantry Captain 

Arthur A. Hopkins, Infantry Captain 

Ernest A. Mertz, Int. Corps First Lieutenant 

Andre Roosevelt, Int. Corps First Lieutenant 

Eugene E. Malfait, Int. Corps Second Lieutenant 

ASSISTANT TO CHIEF OF STAFF (G-3) 

Clark Lynn, G. S Lieutenant Colonel 

ASSISTANTS TO G-3 

Dean G. Witter, Infantry Captain 

George A. Jahant, Infantry Captain 

George W. Baker, Infantry First Lieutenant 

Lewis W. Douglas, F. A First Lieutenant 

Walter M. Tompkins, Eng First Lieutenant 

DIVISION ADJUTANTS 

Frederick W. Manley, Infantry Major 

Dorsey W. Thickstun, A. G. D Lieutenant Colonel 

Daniel J. Coman, A. G. D Lieutenant Colonel 

ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS 

Dorsey W. Thickstun, A. G. D Major 

Daniel J. Coman, A. G. D Major 

Randall M. Dorton, A. G. D Captain 

ASSISTANTS TO ADJUTANT 

William P. Coakley, Infantry Captain 

Charles P. Meigs, A. G. D First Lieutenant 

Randall M. Dorton, A. G. D First Lieutenant 

Gontran D. deBalaine, A. G. D First Lieutenant 

[114] 



ADDENDA 

PERSONNEL ADJUTANTS 

Daniel J. Coman, A. G. D Captain 

Matthew L. Barrett, Jr., Infantry First Lieutenant 

William D. Moreland, A. G. D Major 

ASSISTANT PERSONNEL ADJUTANTS 

Matthew L. Barrett, Jr., Infantry First Lieutenant 

Thomas V. Downin, A. G. D Second Lieutenant 

DIVISION INSPECTORS 

Avery D. Cummings, I. G. D Major 

Godfrey R. Fowler, Infantry Major 

Francis C. Endicott, Infantry Lieutenant Colonel 

Byron L. Bargar, I. G. D Lieutenant Colonel 

DIVISION JUDGE ADVOCATES 

George V. Strong, J. A. G. D Lieutenant Colonel 

Hubert D. Hoover, J. A. G. D Captain 

Charles M. McCorkle, J. A. G. D Lieutenant Colonel 

Henry W. Stiness, J. A. G. D Major 

DIVISION QUARTERMASTERS 

Frederick W. Coleman, Infantry Lieutenant Colonel 

Lucius C. Bennett, Infantry Lieutenant Colonel 

Edward F. Davis, Q. M. C Major 

Joseph C. Kay, Q. M. C Lieutenant Colonel 

ASSISTANTS TO DIVISION QUARTERMASTER 

Edward F. Davis, Q. M. C Major 

Frank A. Kidwell, Q. M. C Major 

Charles F. Startzman, Q. M. C Captain 

John C. Kittle, Q. M. C Captain 

Harold Aarons, Q. M. C First Lieutenant 

Malcolm S. Black, Q. M. C First Lieutenant 

St. Clair Morton, Q. M. C Second Lieutenant 

Vernon O. Wroolie, Q. M. C Second Lieutenant 

DIVISION SURGEON 

Peter C. Field, M. C Colonel 

Orvill C. Brown, M. C Colonel 

John G. Strohm, M. C Lieutenant Colonel 

ASSISTANTS TO DIVISION SURGEON 

John G. Strohm, M. C Major 

Frank N. Winter, M. C Major 

James H. Irwin, M. C Major 

Ray W. Matson, M. C Major 



[115] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

ASSISTANTS TO DIVISION SURGEON 

Floyd D. Lewis, M. C Major 

Cleon C. Mason, D. C First Lieutenant 

DIVISION SANITARY INSPECTOR 

Frank R. Mount, V. C Lieutenant Colonel 

DIVISION VETERINARIAN 

Andrew E. Donovan, V. C Major 

ASSISTANT TO DIVISION VETERINARIAN 

James M. Atterbery, V. C First Lieutenant 

DIVISION DENTAL SURGEON 

George L. Gallagher, D. C Major 

DIVISION PSYCHIATRIST 

Robert P. Smith, H. C : . Major 

DIVISION GAS OFFICERS 

Wilford A. Wylde, C. W. S First Lieutenant 

Robert W. Harness, F. A First Lieutenant 

John R. Finn, C. W. S Captain 

ASSISTANT GAS OFFICERS 

Ellis M. Shaw, C W. S First Lieutenant 

John A. Howard, C. W. S First Lieutenant 

J. H. Carpenter, C. W. S Second Lieutenant 

S. M. Smith, C W. S Second Lieutenant 

DIVISION CHAPLAINS 

Frederick W. Hagan First Lieutenant 

Calvin S. Smith First Lieutenant 

Louis J. Egelson First Lieutenant 

Edward W. Dickey First Lieutenant 

Charles A. Rexroad Captain 

DIVISION SIGNAL OFFICER 

Charles L. Wyman, S. C Lieutenant Colonel 

ASSISTANTS TO DIVISION SIGNAL OFFICER 

Leigh H. Lathrop, S. C First Lieutenant 

Erie M. Conwell, S. C Second Lieutenant 

Bernard E. Loper, Jr., S. C Second Lieutenant 



[116 



ADDENDA 

DIVISION ORDNANCE OFFICERS 

Ralph E. Herring, G. D Lieutenant Colonel 

George F. Felker, O. D Major 

George E. Tufts, O. D Captain 

DIVISION MACHINE GUN OFFICER 

Francis C. Endicott, Infantry Lieutenant Colonel 

HEADQUARTERS TROOP 

James Crabbe Captain 

William P. Coakley Captain 

Edwin S. Thomas Captain 

George A. Helfert First Lieutenant 

William Tussey First Lieutenant 

Jacob D. Schoeller First Lieutenant 

Winfred Houghton Second Lieutenant 

Max Bennett Second Lieutenant 



181ST INFANTRY BRIGADE 

COMMANDING 

Henry D. Styer Brigadier General 

John B. McDonald Brigadier General 

AIDES-DE-CAMP TO BRIGADIER GENERAL STYER 

Harry C. Long, Infantry First Lieutenant 

Jack Browne, Cavalry . Second Lieutenant 

AIDES-DE-CAMP TO BRIGADIER GENERAL MCDONALD 

Earl F. Enoch, F. A Captain 

Mathew B. Taylor, Jr., Infantry First Lieutenant 

William F. Horner, Infantry First Lieutenant 

BRIGADE ADJUTANTS 

William E. Finzer, Infantry Major 

William H. Curtiss, Infantry Lieutenant Colonel 

BRIGADE LIAISON OFFICER 

Volney Diltz, Infantry First Lieutenant 

BRIGADE VETERINARIAN 

Harold S. Knapp, V. C Second Lieutenant 

r 117 1 



THE 91st DIVISION 
182ND INFANTRY BRIGADE 

COMMANDING 

Frederick S. Foltz Brigadier General 

Henry C. Jewett Colonel 

Vernon A. Caldwell Brigadier General 

AIDES-DE-CAMP TO BRIGADIER GENERAL FOLTZ 

William F. Dougherty, Cavalry First Lieutenant 

Lewis W. Douglas, F. A First Lieutenant 

Alfred V. Kidder, Infantry First Lieutenant 

Wendell S. Kuhn, Infantry First Lieutenant 

AIDES-DE-CAMP TO BRIGADIER GENERAL CALDWELL 

Patrick D. Ryan, Infantry First Lieutenant 

Kenneth S. Reed, Infantry First Lieutenant 

BRIGADE ADJUTANTS 

Gordon Voorhies, F. A Major 

Douglas C. Despard, Infantry Captain 

Carl G. Hjelto, Infantry Captain 

Harold L. Mack, Infantry Major 

Bertram L. Calwalader, Infantry Major 

Thomas H. Boyd, Infantry First Lieutenant 

BRIGADE LIAISON OFFICERS 

Thomas A. Driscoll, Infantry Captain 

Thomas H. Boyd, Infantry First Lieutenant 



William D. Davis 



Lucius C. Bennett 



361 ST INFANTRY 

COLONELS 

Avery D. Cummings 

LIEUTENANT COLONELS 

Bret W.Eddy 



MAJORS 



John J. Mudgett 
Oscar F. Miller 
Robert C. Howard 
George W. Farwell 
Roy C. Ward 
Ora Goodpaster 



Roy E. Naftzger 
Frank P. Doherty 
Friend S. Dickinson 
Frank E. Winter, M. C. 
John J. Sellwood, M. C. 
Paul F. Brown, M. C. 



Clarence F. Smith 
Wallace T. Downing 



CAPTAINS 



James C. Fortune 
Curtiss R. Gilbert 



[118 



ADDENDA 



CAPTAINS 



Lee Arnold 
Max L. McCollough 
Harry E. Williams 
Jacob Kanzler 
Albert H. Conner 
Francis X. A. Eble 
Walter L. Tooze 
William J. Potter 
Fred B. Angus 
Leon E. Savage 
Howard D. Hughes 
Clarence J. Minnick 
Frank Heath 
Carmi L. Williams 
Marshall S. Scudder 
Campbell Burke 
Elmer J. Armstrong 
Harold H. Burton 
Richard C. M. Page 

Gustave B. Appleman 
Roscoe V. F. Brightbill 
Frederick T. Fairchild 
Eugene H. Blanche 
Charles H. Moore, Jr. 
Wilburn C. Hutcheson 
Frederick F. Lamping 
Earl G. McMillen 
Charlie A. Valverde 
Fred E. Privett 
William T. King 
James R. McLaughlin 
Cherrill R. Betterton 
Jesse T. Wilkins 
Roscoe M. Wright 
William J. Edick 
Gerritt V. W. Wood 
Gilpin S. Sessions 
Charles H. Hudelson 
Everett E. Hunt 
Walter F. Davis 
Lester M. Ellis 
John H. Moeur 
Ronald E. Everly 
Fred L. Brace 
Ellis Bates 
Wallace M. McKay 



Henry P. Hoffman 
Francois Trouchet 
Ira G. Towson 
George E. Kelsch 
George A. Jahant 
Claude D. Johns, Jr. 
John E. Bailey 
Robert S. Batman 
Donald G. Abel 
Wade Goble 
Hunter P. Lovelace 
Alexander C. Crank 
Ernest C. McKibben, M. C. 
Charles H. Smith, M. C. 
Fred B. Coleman, M. C. 
William G. Parker, M. C. 
Franklin J. Corper, M. C. 
John W. Beard, Chaplain. 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Harry J. Craig 
Knapp Orton 
Merriam J. Howells 
Dale J. Woods 
Albert J. Haas 
Gregg M. Evans 
Louis B. Jansen 
Royal A. Coffey 
David A. Bissett 
Edward L. Kellas 
Wallace H. Blomquist 
Oliver Voderberg 
Frank R. Johnston 
Ely F. Echolds 
Edmond T. Duvall 
Arthur Cody 
Jack O'Brien 
William Dean 
Thomas E. Dunn 
Charles M. Price 
Christopher W. Hardacre 
Harry E. Hazard 
John B. McCearley 
Leland C. Mcintosh, M. C. 
John L. Burnside, D. C. 
Nathan G. Hale, M. C. 



[119 



THE 91st DIVISION 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



James D. McKay 
James A. Quinby 
Harold C. Hubbell 
Lewin W. Martinez 
Robert C. Howard 
Reginald H. Linforth 
George V. J. Ramsdell 
Southall R. Pfund 
Ernest K. Murray 
Ray R. Vincent 
Robert A. Woodyard 
Uil Lane 
Edward A. Valentine 



Roy M. Cox 

Ferdinand G. Dratz, D. C. 
Mayo Reiss, D. C. 
Alfred Schilt, D. C. 
George H. Griffin, M. C. 
Clyde Ruff, M. C. 
Sam G. Beck, M. C. 
Eugene V. Bronson, Chaplain 
Alphonse L. Weber, Chaplain 
Frederick W. Bosch, Chaplain 
Francis H. Cassidy, Chaplain 
Edwin S. Priest, Chaplain 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Jack Sweat 
James E. Peebles 
Ben B. Taylor 
Errol W. Proctor 
Thomas G. Ware 
James M. Tongate 
John A. Long 
Charles T. Wright 
Everett J. Gray 
Thomas A. Cannell 
Ralph W. Rogers 
Ernest E. Russell 
Alva J. Coats 
Paul D. Smith 
Charles N. Andrus 
Ernest L. Damkroger 
Frederick W. Gollum 
Albert R. Bartell 
James B. Lawrence 



Milo B. Seay 
Frank W. Coppinger 
Augustus C. Carver 
Francis L. Meade 
John C. Hayes 
Raymond A. Wilson 
Sam W. Robertson 
Joseph E. O'Connor 
John A. Flagg 
Theodore W. Burnett 
Reginald T. Mitchell 
John H. Hastings 
Charles Stout 
Richard Franklin 
Harold J. Jones 
Lorenzo S. Foote 
John C. McCorvey 
Joseph B. Armstrong 



362ND INFANTRY 



Pegram Whitworth 
John H. Parker 



COLONELS 

James B. Woolnough 



William H. Jordan 
John J. Mudgett 



LIEUTENANT COLONELS 



Arthur W. Hanson 
Archie C. Van Cleve, M. C 



[120] 



ADDENDA 



Godfrey R. Fowler 
Gordon S. Finley 
Walter H. Giberling 
Walter K. Tuller 
Henry W. Edmonds 

Arthur W. Bradbury 
Harman Decius 
Owen L. McKee 
Elijah W. Worsham 
Silsby M. Spalding 
James R. Montgomery 
Joseph T. Watson 
Kenneth J. Booth 
Leslie G. Bryant 
Robert G. Evans 
Charles A. Thorpe 
William H. Wadsworth 
Allen Fletcher 
Clyde L. Queen 
Herbert N. Hauck 
Ralph F. Tracy 
Edward E. Lane 
Charles H. Perkins 
Allen Hauser 
Harold L. Mack 
Joseph M. Scammel 
Theodore G. Howe, M. C. 
Cosmos A. Glover, M. C. 



John Kasper 
Joseph F. Swift 
Harry L. Evans 
George W. Baker 
Eugene A. Regnier 
Clinton K. Coburn 
Ralph J. Hurlburt 
Lansing B. Bailey 
Frederick T. Hyde, M. C 
Herbert Abbott 
Edward G. Sewell 
John H. Kemble 
Baldwin Robertson 
Joseph G. C. Conrad 
Edward E. Dunn 
Maurice F. Enderle 



MAJORS 

Joseph W. Sutphen 
Lee Sumner 
Isaac S. Ashburn 
John F. Symes 

CAPTAINS 

Ernest M. Johnson 
Farley E. Granger 
Edgar E. Robinson 
Carlos K. McClatchy 
Charles E. Knickerbocker 
Arthur A. Murphy 
Herbert G. Hubbard 
Lee M. Neagle 
Leland S. Gregory 
Ray W. Hayes 
Lester S. Walbridge 
Thomas E. May 
Alden K. Martin 
Frank X. Coulet 
Alexander McGee 
James F. Hilgenberg, M. C. 
Max R. Carlton, M. C. 
John F. Doudna, M. C. 
Louis L. Syman 
Pat M. Stevens 
Ashby D. DeBusk 
John T. Grigsby 
Harry V. Givens 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Frederick W. Hagan, Chaplain 

Herbert Christianson 

Leonard Seiver, D. C. 

Paul B. Hammond 

Charles F. Hobbins 

Harry C. Long 

John C. Burgard 

Charles A. Hoss 

James F. Harrall 

Benjamin F. Dorris 

Dixon Kapple 

William N. L. Hutchinson 

John V. Mueller 

Wellslake D. Morse 

John R. McLean 

Frederick L. Campbell 



[121] 



THE 91st DIVISION 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



John T. Shepherd 
Richard H. Chamberlain 
James R. Shaw 
Ray T. Williams 
Thomas S. O'Connell 
Cyron R. Briggs 
Manniere B. Ware 
Leon Martin 
Edward Bogard 
Leon B. Collier 
Volney D. Diltz 
Lee F. Jones 
Andrew Koerner 
Prentiss C. Deering 
William L. B. Jenney 
Charles M. Lever, Chaplain 
Thomas G. Poland 
Lawrence S. Lynch 
Edwin M. Elam 
Robert R. Weber 
Chauncy M. Lyons 
Frank J. Card 
Frank Turnbull 



Lloyd E. Cole 

Frank J. Kelley, Jr. 

George W. Kerschner, Chaplain 

Calvin S. Smith, Chaplain 

James S. Davis 

Seth L. Butler 

Russell C. Parr, M. C. 

George L. Barry, M. C. 

Adolph A. Anderson, D. C. 

George A. W. Baker, D. C. 

Mercer Rowe, M. C. 

Rex E. Van Duzen, M. C. 

Lorin V. Cope 

Thomas L. Barbee 

Daniel R. Campbell 

Harry L. Coleman 

Shelby A. Turner 

Colin G. Thomas 

Fayne L. Hill 

Frank J. Deitzer 

Frederick W. Bosch, Chaplain 

Samuel P. Adkisson 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Harry C. Cardell 
Frederick E. Lawson 
Oscar W. James 
Alexander Meyer 
Vernon V. Heilig 
Thomas S. Grant 
Charles J. Kelley 
Rudolph L. Esmay 
George E. Crary 
William M. Bell 
Jack M. Corbett 
Marshall F. Brockway 
William A. Russell 
Joseph H. Steam 
Arthur C. Duerr 
Darrell D. Johnson 
Carl D. Middlestate 
Wendell K. Phillips 
Chester R. F. Cramer 
Charles G. Friedenthall 
Cecil P. Bell 
Albert M. Closterman 
John H. Spohn, Jr. 



Nicholas Juareguy 
David A. Bissett 
Harold L. Leupp 
Laurence Mickle 
Fred L. Packard 
Linn Andrus 
Laurence Mathieu 
Herman Alber, Jr. 
Lyle C. Taylor 
Samuel G .Wight 
Basil K. Woods 
Ernest A. Wyld 
Donald H. Yates 
Henry Allard 
Fred E. Robach 
Paul N. Hofacker 
Dudley L. Marstellar 
George P. Patton 
Claude S. DeCosta 
Laurence K. Carroll 
Robert R. Hubbard 
Herbert L. Doyle 
Francis J. Lynch 



[122 



ADDENDA 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Eric A. Falconer 
Adelbert D. McCleverty 
Robert M. Alton 
Harold Mallum 
Earl F. Marsh 
James W. Dawson 
Walter H. Fieberling 
George N. Browning 
Samuel D. Hayes 
Madison W. Compton 
William H. Crane, Jr. 
Edwin A. Arnold 
John C. Chapman 
Earl D. Christensen 
John C. Schuster 
Richard A. Stumm 
John C. Newton 
John T. Dirks 
Victor F. McFarland 
Clifford E. Hughes 
Frank G. Stoner 
Samuel L. Dunlop 
Henry Haimeling 



William B. Stone 
Charles H. Simonds 
Thomas J. McNeese 
Warren E. Clark 
John E. Kelly 
John P. Mahon 
Thomas A. Blake 
Alden H. Sulger 
Frank F. Hood 
John T. O'Meara 
George O. Gray 
William A. Andreason 
Elmer T. Worthy 
Hellmuth F. Weyerstall 
Bernard A. Coyle 
Russell H. Harris 
Fred S. Weida 
William A. Voshmik 
Fred W. Wesdrop 
William F. Teske 
Frank L. Toepleman 
Robert E. Purcell 
John P. Connell 



Harry LaT. Cavenaugh 



Eldred D. Warfield 
Reginald E. McNally 
Harol D. Coburn 



Copley Enos 
Bertram Cadwalader 
Henry Breckenridge 
Edward J. Mitchell 
Frank C. McCulloch 
Walter E. Garrison 



363RD INFANTRY 

COLONEL 

LIEUTENANT COLONELS 



William F. Brandt 
Francis E. Endicott 



MAJORS 

Paul E. Johnson, M. C. 
James B. Woolnough 
Joseph L. Wier 
Cosmos A. Glover, M. C. 
Oscar Seebach 
Thomas H. Monroe 



Charles C. Quigley 
Orrin W. Potter 
Darwin J. Smith 
Robert P. Shields, Jr. 



CAPTAINS 



Charles H. Abercrombie 
Francis H. Partridge 
Richard L. Russell 
Cloyd D. kauch 



[123 



THE 91st DIVISION 



CAPTAINS 



Frank S. Sever 
Carleton B. Joeckel 
Oscar C. Gibbs 
James C. Evenden 
DeWitt M. Evans 
Andrew J. McCallen 
Charles C. Vinier 
Manton D. Armstrong 
Edmund Q. Forsyth 
William Robbins 
Henry D. Mack 
Walter R. Marquart 
Charles E. Chenoweth 
C. George Hjelte 
John G. Heywood 
Thomas A. Driscoll 
Edwin B. Callahan 
James W. Stewart 
Robert B. Childs 



Joseph G. Kreutz 
Wendall S. Kuhn 
John W. Lawton 
Robert D'. Leeper 
Everett R. Leisure 
Benjamin F. Lemaster 
James M. W. Manning 
Earl T. Parrish 
Percy M. Smith 
Truman A. Starr 
Roy P. Tisdale 
James A. Vincent 
Louis M. Wilden 
Fremont W. Walton 
Clifford W. Watkins 
Francis M. Phelps 
Andrew J. Aiken 
Henry H. Vickrey 
Daniel C. Upp, Jr. 
Lloyd C. Hill 
Carlos S. Creeley 
Harold W. Fromwiller 
Howard M. Estes 
Forrest A. Cobb 
Cedric W. Clark 
Harold W. Childs 
Harold W. Burchard 



Robert R. Reed, M. C. 

John V. Richards 

William R. Strong 

Ward M. Ackley 

Earl H. Plummer 

George W. Read 

Allen Watt 

Edward L. Welsh 

Emmett R. Colpin 

Frederick C. Erb 

Webster S. Albertson 

Thomas G. McMartin 

John S. Rankin, M. C. 

William W. Frank, M. C. 

Bernhardt Pedersen 

Clyde F. Horner 

Rollie R. Cook 

Raymond W. Wheeler 

Frederick H. Schroeder, M. C. 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



James E. Webb 

Jamie deAngule 

Maurice B. Walker 

James Sloan 

Winfred P. McDaniels, D. C. 

Charles R. McCreery 

George G. Carl 

Jeremiah Galvan, Chaplain 

William O. Manion 

Frank A. Paul 

Franklin T. Montgomery 

Reginal Norris 

Joseph J. Diestel 

Frank H. Postlethwaite 

James F. Strain 

Francis M. Tracy 

Parker V. Foster 

Ernest M. Yantis 

Kenneth R. Rublee 

Joseph H. Plant, M. C. 

Francis K. Silva, D. C. 

John H. Hackley 

Charles A. Emmet 

Clyde W. Jump, M. C. 

Zalo M. Glidden 

Gerhard F. Hartwig, M. C. 

Glenn C. Costlow 



[124] 



ADDENDA 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Emmet N. Britton 
Henry S. Bailey 
James Boyd, Jr. 
Arthur L. Erb 
Cecil Anderson 
Reginald H. Barnwell 
Edward Blair 
Kenneth A. Carey 
Camillus Christian 
David H. Cohn 
William J. Coyle 
Orville R. Emerson 
Rowdy Gentry 
Harold Jeness 
Gustaf H. Lindberg 
Grover Baichely 
Lloyd S. Spooner 
Dorwin L. Palmer 



Lloyd T. Cochran 
Haydn O. Duke 
William E. Fitzpatrick 
Edwin O. Slater 
Ronald B. Harris 
R. Lester Kelley 
Thomas Lynch 
Charles P. McLaughlin 
Abraham L. McMahon 
Maurice P. Mitchell 
Harold P. Vickrey 
Wilson S. Zimmerman 
Grover Anchors 
Russell T. Robinson 
Ernest G. Raas 
Edgar A. Freeman 
Guernsey P. Frazer 
Joseph C. Cheney 
Herman Amos 
Lambert A. Beard 
Thomas Enlow 
Edward B. Congdon 
Miles S. Johns 
Jean D. Kelley 
Harry K. Kingsbury 
Miller E. McGilchrist 
John E. McNeil 
William Mathews 



Theodore C. Jones 
William W. Vickery 
Alexander Lewis, Chaplain 
Sidney Vermilyea, M. C. 
Edmund L. Silverbrand 
Leland S. Wilson, D. C. 
Leon B. Collier, D. C. 
Louis I. Egelson, Chaplain 
Merritt Fields 
Ferdinand, Dratz, D. C. 
Charles M. Griffith, M. C. 
Francis A. Barrett, Chaplain 
Arthur T. Gorman 
Erwin Carothers 
William E. Amy, M. C. 
Arthur Swann 
Abraham Gottlieb, M. C. 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Roy E. Boyer 
David F. Bush 
Carter C. Camp 
Myron L. Carr 
Clinton L. Jackson 
Edward Hervey 
Harry L. Henkle 
Nelson Hartson 
Henry A. Harkins 
Spencer Gray 
Charles L. Frost 
Edward H. Faubert 
William G. Eddy 
Carroll C. Dunn 
Walter L. Doty 
Roy E. Clausen 
Frank J. Rogers, Jr. 
Carl E. Hull 
John D. Murray 
Bert Waddell 
Thomas P. McCleery 
Stanley C. Clelland 
Alton E. Elliott 
Maxwell Farley 
Robert A. Ginivan 
Anderson S. Gill 
John G. Hubertz 
Wayne R. Klinefelter 



[125 



THE 91st DIVISION 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



G. V. Medici de Solenni 
Norman I. Prosser 
Jesie C. Ragsdale 
Harold E. Scantlebury 
Albert E. Ryan 
Robert S. Shertzer 
Earl C. Willey 
John S. Wilson 
Luken P. Young 
Everett Anderson 
Herbert C. Adler 
Aubrey R. Archer 
Stanley M. Arndt 
Carl F. Arnold 
William E. Averill 
Harold H. Barbur 
Edward A. Banning 
John W. Biggy 
Walter H. Blackman 



George M. Lewis 
William V. McMurray 
Mark Moller 
William J. Timmins 
Earl G.Walker 
Robert Frye 
H. A. Brocopp 
Paul A. Wood 
Samuel M. Wood 
Clarence A. Suders 
Harry W. Davies 
Howard J. Sims 
Earl Shaffer 
Paul A. Myers 
Joseph K. Parent 
David F. Friedman 
William Fife 
Newton Jones 
Shannon Frederick 



364TH INFANTRY 



Elmer W. Clark 
George McD. Weeks 



COLONELS 

Lucius C. Bennett 



Allen Smith 
Theodore B. Taylor 
Richmond Smith 



LIEUTENANT COLONELS 



Archie J. Harris 
John J. Mudgett 
Gordon Voorhies 



Charles J. Naylor 
Walter N. Gregory 
George N. Davis 
Norris J. Shupe 
Austin B. Richeson 
Halvor H. Rasch 



MAJORS 

Frederick W. Rase 
Jame H. Irwin, M. C. 
Lester W. Humphreys 
James B. Woolnough 
Richard J. Dowdall, M. C. 



CAPTAINS 



Charles J. Sheppard 
Allan C. Hopkins 
Albert Rolling 
Robert A. Griffin 
Walter Brinkop 
Leonard A. Wattelet 
Adolphus E. Graupner 



Owen Summers 
Lee Bennett 
Arthur R. Whitner 
Morris A. Cadwalader 
Gunnar A. Pande 
William O. McKay 
Philip W. Patterson 



[126] 



ADDENDA 



CAPTAINS 



Floyd J. Cook 
Laurence A. Milner 
Kenneth E. Burton 
George W. Toland 
Willis E. Simpson 
Lloyd N. Hamilton 
Harry W. Russell 
George Caldwell 
Sam A. Roberts 
Archibald Sheats 
William M. Simmons 



William H. Flood 
Burnett A. Filmer, M. C. 
Charles T. Busha 
Eugene S. Cohn 
Thornton Chase 
Martin P. Hamrick, M. C. 
Harold C. Palmer, M. C. 
Ray M. Walker 
CarlG. Hjelte 
Chauncey V. Dodds 
Daniel J. Coman 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



George Boas 
Herbert W. Worcester 
John A. Hine 
Bud Sawyer 
Glenn H. Ticer 
Malcolm C. Bruce 
Grover F. Peterson 
Charles H. Lembke 
Robert L. Sabin, Jr. 
Hubert D. Hoover 
Wellford D. Seay 
Walter Curry 
Clifford A Bly 
Leslie O. Tooze 
William N. Burgard 
Clifford C. Harter 
William J. Dallas 
William W. Vickrey 
Walter M. Keck 
Thomas H. Boyd 
Henry W. Meyer 
Phillip Sampson 
Elmer J. Noble 
Guy H. Jacobson, M. C. 
Dick R. Ross, M. C. 
Waldo J. Adams, D. C. 
Sydney V. West 
Lief N. Tommerson, M. C. 
Leland M. Crawford 
Russell E. Tracy 
Carlos W. Huntington 
Eugene W. Gilliland 
Arthur T. Lee 
David N. Millan 
Patrick D. Ryan 



Kenneth L. Cooper 

Arnold E. Wall 

Joseph P. Toole 

Thomas D. Watson 

Samuel T. Campbell, M. C. 

Benjamin S. Burkett 

Daniel B. Carroll 

Clifford Evans 

Charles H. Paul 

Vallery White 

Arthur Brittan 

Wambold H. McCune 

John O. Armistead, D. C. 

Bert C. Burdick 

Russell B. Tripp 

Bert B. Courts 

James D. Fletcher 

James S. Higley 

James J. McDonald 

Cornelius W. Mayers 

Dean J. Coovert 

John S. Livingstone 

Leighton C. McMillan, Chaplain 

John B. Kennedy, D. C. 

Charles M. White 

Charles V. Sulzberger 

Shirley D. Lewis 

Floyd O. Jellison 

Joseph E. Hagan 

George J. Ranes 

Louis E. Bolton 

J. Leslie Walton 

Francis C. Weber, M. C. 

Jo C. Johnston 

Clarence C. Ingraham 



[127] 



THE 91st DIVISION 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Deming Bronson 
Bryant Wilson, Chaplain 
Lamar Tooze 
Philip L. Newmyer, M. C. 
Thurman B. Haas 
William O. Pierce 
Joseph A. Carr 



Will D. Rudd 
Neilson W. Reese 
Powell Thomas 
Horace D. McGirr 
Wm. J. A. McDonald 
Royall W. Mingins 
Evans B. Houtz 
Bradford W. Bosley 
Harry S. Clark 
Edward E. Campbell 
Ellis L. Weeter 
Harry S. Hills 
Robert B. Holloman 
Orren E. Osburn 
Morris D. Shearer 
Rex E. Watkins 
Henry M. Stair 
Oscar F. Johnson 
Edward A. Flynn 
David A. Bezenek 
George R. Grant 
Howard H. Van Voris 
Arnold E. Johnson 
Herbert G. Lyttle 
John F. Hotchkiss 
Owen Jerrold 
Marion V. Melson 
Carl H. Blattner 
James N. Young 
Warland G. Cutler 
William V. Clarke 
Ralph P. Laird 



Scott C. Greene 

Anthony J. Vandergrinten 

Arthur C. Whitney, Chaplain 

Carl G. Kendall 

Lewis B. Ridley 

Paul B. Berry 

Edward E. Buzby 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Frank B. DeLano 
Buron R. Fitts 
Robert L. Groves 
Melvin J. Muckey 
John C. McVay 
Morris E. Corthell 
Clarence H. Bragg 
Miles B. Belden 
George T. McMahon 
James L. Turnbull 
John N. Mernin 
Reuel W. Elton 
John H. Wakefield 
Archa E. Lovett 
John D. Wendell 
John N. Lee 
William E. Crosthwaite 
Raymond J. Graham 
George A. Hasenjaeger 
Edwin A. Bishop 
Harry H. Harding 
Robert L. Winston 
Lynn T. Watson 
William K. Vogan 
John W. Teeter 
Edwin Stitt 
John R. Valois 
Peter C. Wade 
Ernest J. Steinhilder 
Walter H. Steere 
Earl L. Shaner 



346TH MACHINE GUN BATTALION 



Francis C. Endicott 
Leslie R. Forney 



MAJORS 

Clark W. Wright 



[128] 



ADDENDA 

CAPTAINS 



Harry M. Thomas 
Winfried B. Arens 
Royle A. Carter 

George A. Batterson 
Roscoe W. Pike 
Jesse E. Widman 
S. Ashley Guthrie 
Arvid H. Lindeen 



Clark J. Bonner 
Russell G. Wagenet 
Ray E. Dumett 
Eugene P. Hyatt 
William H. Morris 
Charles C. Fields 
Hamilton B. Rollins, Jr. 
Frank A. Rollers 
Murray C. Wheat 
Herbert S. Taylor 
F. F. Janney 



John E. Price 
Frank M. Moore 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Ward M. Ackley 
Edwin S. Thomas 
Harry J. Vogel 
John W. Beard, Chaplain 
John B. Kennedy, D. C. 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Chas. C. Bintz 
Edward M. Hay 
Harold W. Price 
Alfred T. Barr 
Douglas Van Dyke 
W. Q. Van Cott 
A. L. Christensen 
Wm. McBlair 
Don C. Harmon 
Clair Solomon 
Virgil Bailey 



347TH MACHINE GUN BATTALION 



Arthur W. Hanson 
J. C. McCaustland 

T. E. McClintock 
Russell Miller 
John E. Price 

John U. Calkins, Jr. 
Lawrence R. Bonneville 
Wilfrid T. Newbery 
Alfred T. Barr 
John O. Armistead, D. C. 
Ralph E. Davis, Chaplain 



Eugene D. Bennett 
Pearl W. Campbell 
Donald G. Coplen 
Harry M. McCoy 
Robert D. Nolan 



MAJORS 

Roy E. Swanson, M. i 

CAPTAINS 

Albert L. Barrows 
Albert W. Roshe 
Harrison S. Beecher 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Charles C. Bintz 
Wm. J. Duddleson 
Charles A. Gardine 
Alberto C. Werrill 
Alfred C Young 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS 

Harold W. Price 
E. H. Rawson 
David B. Thorn 
Joseph Welton 



129 



THE 91st DIVISION 
348TH MACHINE GUN BATTALION 



MAJORS 



Albert L. Barrows 
Walker K. Tuller 
Thomas N. Gimperling 



Harry N. Burkhalter 
William A. Aird 
Paul T. Ferrer 



CAPTAINS 



Thomas A. Driscoll 
Albert H. Ingold 
George B. Duncan 
R. H. Carter 
Robert Woodville 



George A. Helfert 
Archibald Shambaugh 
William Tussey 
Hugh Sparks 
George Stimmel 
Walton L. H. Osborne 
Kenneth H. Reed 
Albert C. Giesecke 
James F. DeVane 
Adna M. Boyd 



Wayne C. Taylor 
Sheperd Hiscox 
Arthur St. J. Whitney 
Charles B. Clizer, M. C. 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Fred W. Hummel _ 

Howard W. Hopkirk 

Robert F. Garner 

Lawrence E. O'Neill 

Frank L. Thompson 

Lee R. Newkirk 

Edward M. Hay 

Walter B. Clark 

Murray C. Wheat 

Reed B. Cherrington, Chaplain 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Homer N. Winfield 
Hubert M. Rice 
Ulysses Young 
Fred W. Keller 
Oscar L. Cornwall 
Edgar P. Blatz 
Francis E. Cornish 
Albert Weaver 



William H. Morris 
Douglas Van Dyke 
S. E. Spleen 
Edward A. Hurd 
William B. Frye 
James W. McCaughan 
Otto F. Starke 
George W. Otto 



Henry C. Jewett 



316TH ENGINEERS 

COLONELS 

George R. Goethals 



Arthur R. Ehrnbeck 
George H. Canfield 



LIEUTENANT COLONELS 

Orman N. Powell 



[130] 



ADDENDA 

MAJORS 



Albert D. Akin 
William S. Post 
George H. Canfield 
Orman N. Powell 



-John A. Griffin 
William D. A. Peaslee 
Burt Harmon 
George H. Canfield 
Edward Z. Collings 
Orman N. Powell 
Ralph E. Robson 
Jules Hanique 
John H. Leavell 

•Fieldon W. Waggoner 
Leslie W. Nims 
Franklin W. Bush 
Delprat Keen 
Lynn A. Schloss 

-Charles H. Willison 
Jay Turley 

Herbert W. McFarren 
Henry L. McGillis 
Samuel M. Kearns 
Amory R. Haynes 
Alfred B. Lewis 

-Frank Z. Lee 
Earl J. Zinck 



Chester R. Hunt 
Leslie W. Nims 
Franklin W. Bush 
Harry H. Burhans 
Delprat Keen 
John T. Quinn 
Chenery C. Bartlett 
Lynn A. Schloss 
Chester A. Prouty 
Harmon S. Bonte 
Edgar F. Pearson 
Merrill Butler 
Ross L. Mahon 
William Hague 
Clarence E. Boggs 
Benjamin B. Bessessen 
George D. Camp 



Harmon S. Bonte 
-Ralph E. Robson 
Rinaldo E. Baker, M. C. 



CAPTAINS 

Paul Rockey, M. C. 
Harmon S. Bonte 
John H. Gilpin, M. C. 
Wilkee Woodard 

- Horace W. Gregory 
Frank J. Boland 
William J. Gough 
Stefan Szumanski 
George H. Wilson, Jr. 
William H. Bissell 

— Edwin R. Quinby 
Earl Bracken 
Charles J. Davis, Jr. 

■ James N. Gladding 
E. R. Downe 
Samuel B. Lyons, M. C. 

• Ross L. Mahon 
Harold Cogswell 
Chester H. Prouty 
Lewis C. Karrick 
Edgar F. Pearson 
Merrill Butler 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Roy E. Tremoureux 
James O. Jensen 
Manierre B. Ware 
Preston M. Geren 
Frank R. Becker 
Hildreth R. Peckham 
Albert Bolenbaugh 
Thomas R. King 
Milton C. Lutz, Chaplain 
Lyman F. Wagoner, D. C. 
George W. Davis 
Franklin O. Rose 
Howard M. Marlow 
Luther G. Lewis 
Franklin Dallimore, D. C. 
^- Louis A. Henderson 
John F. Kerper 



131] 



THE 91st DIVISION 



Ernest L. Norberg 
Stephen Malatesta 
Harold Cogswell 
Lewis C. Karrick 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



John F. A. Giblin 
John B. Campbell 
Joseph H. Rinehart, M. C. 
Samuel T. Steele, Chaplain 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Bertram K. Dunshee 
Chester H. Prouty 
John E. Norberg 
Gordon C. Hess 
Walter M. Tomkins 
Blake R. Vanleer 
Emmett R. Carruthers 
Wallace Campbell 
George E. Sperbeck 
Lester B. Pickering 
Egbert W. Beach 
Ray J. Cook 
Malcolm L. Hunt 
Israel Weinstein 
James S. Colton 
Verne W. McKinney 
Leroy C. Williams 
Francis H. Hay 
Albert F. Berni 
Wright E. D'Evelyn 
Happer K. Phelps 
Wales MacPerdue 
John G. Collins 
Clarence C. Harshman 
Eric Monthan 
T. H. Morrell 
Benjamin B. Irving 



Harold D. Farmer 
Ruben I. Irving 
Ralph W. Reynolds 
Clement F. Waite 
JohnM. March ^ 
George W. Davis 
Sidney J. Kreil 
Edgar R. Perry 
Robert E. Gardner 
William F. Gettelman 
Robert W. Gilkison 
Ellsworth D. Goldsmith 
Walter A. Goertz 
Jack L. Gossman 
Lewis P. Gove 
George H. Squires 
John S. Kennedy 
Arthur L. Leonard 
Leonard G. Holbrook 
Thomas J. Hawthorne 
Bernard H. Lasky 
P. W. Snyder 
Henry Berbert 
Nelson Douglass, Jr. 
George R. Hardie 
Bartlett W. Gillespie 



316TH ENGINEER TRAIN 



Francis J. Fitzpatrick 



Earl W. Fassett 
Lynn A. Schloss 



Edgar R. Perry 
Ernest D. Clabaugh 
Ernest M. Wright 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Ernest L. Norberg 
Malcolm L. Hunt 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Ray Murphy 
Leonard G. Holbrook 
John W. Wolcott 

132] 



ADDENDA 

316TH SANITARY TRAIN 

LIEUTENANT COLONELS 

Harry B. Reynolds, M. G Stanley F. Berry, M. C. 



Richard J. Dowdall, M. C. 
John J. Sellwood, M. C. 
William H. Breuer, M. C. 
John W. Colbert, M. C. 
Karl J. Swenson, M. C. 
Marion J. Jones, M. C. 
John W. Hunt, M. C. 
Walter S. Lay, M. C. 



MAJORS 

William C. Smith, M. C. 
Floyd D. Lewis, M. C. 
Robert P. Smith, M. C. 
Ray W. Matson, M. C. 
John G. Strohm, M. C 
George T. Gallagher, D. 
James H. Irwin, D. C. 



CAPTAINS 



John E. Kuykendall, M. C. 
Dwight F. Miller, M. C. 
Robert W. Clancy, M. C. 
Herbert E. Wheeler, M. C. 
Charles E. Eaton, M. C. 
Lawrence K. Lunt, M. C. 
Edward J. Kane, M. C. 
John A. Hughes, M. C. 
Bert L. Doane, M. C. 
Robert W. Brace, M. G 
Lawrence G. Griffis, M. C. 
John E. Dunn, M. C. 
Wm. P. Rice, M. C. 
Frederick H. Schroeder, M. C. 
Sam C. Standard, M. C. 
George P. Tolman, M. C. 
Edward A. Peterson, M. C. 
Harry B. Moore, M. C. 
Merle G. Howard, M. C. 
Roy E. Swanson, M. C. 
Duncan C. Monroe, M. C. 



Frederick A. Collier, M. C. 
Lloyd W. Brooke, M. C. 
Karl L. Koehn, M. C. 
John R. McRae, Q. M. C. 
Raymond A. Babcock, M. C. 
Charles E. Eaton, M. C. 
Frank Murphy, Q. M. C. 
Waldo F. Brinkman, M. C. 
Franklin J. Corper, M. C. 
William F. Beitsch, M. C. 
Charles B. Hopkins, M. C. 
John S. Rankin, M. C. 
Fred B. Coleman, M. C. 
Thomas G. McMartin, M. C. 
Clyde F. Horner, M. C. 
Francis H. Bomar, M. C. 
Phillip C. W. Johannes, M. ( 
Eber R. Sizer, Q. M. C. 
Sidney M. Bunker, M. C. 
Rov D. Byrd, M. C. 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Leo M. Maguire, M. C. 
Linford S. Besson, M. C. 
Dick R. Ross, M. C. 
Hans A. Poulson, M. C. 
Alfred Schilt, D. C. 
Pius A. Rohrer, M. C. 
Leif N. Tommerson, M. C. 
Sam G. Beck, M. C. 
Robert J. Jennings, M. C. 



John A. Malley, M. C. 
Charles M. Griffith, M. C. 
Joseph J. Keithley, M. C. 
John C. Armington, M. C. 
Charles A. Rexroad, Chaplain 
James A. Leyda, M. C. 
George P. Chase, S. C. 
William G. Parker, M. C. 
Adolph A. Anderson, D. C. 



[133] 



THE 91st DIVISION 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Louis M. Greenberg, M. C. 
Howard O. Danforth, D. C 
Edgar H. Howell, M. C. 
Will H. Potter, M. C. 
Carl L. Vanderboget, M. C. 
John A. Kimmel, M. C. 
Ferdinand G. Dratz, D. C. 
Allan A. Van Orsdale, S. C. 



Colin K. Ross, M. C. 
Joseph H. McGuire, M. C 
Louis D. Cheeney, M. C. 
Clarence E. Toschach, M. C. 
Ralph R. Green, M. C. 
Ethelbert M. Norton, M. C. 
John T. Scull, Chaplain 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Ralph W. Daggett, S. C. 



James C. Munch, S. C. 



316TH FIELD SIGNAL BATTALION 



Emmet L. Wemple, M. 
Wilford Danvers 



Jasper S. M. Quist 
Albert M. Taylor 
Rush P. Wheat 



Duncan E. McKinley 
George P. Dixon 
James C. Meece 
Harry W. Glensor 
Norman R. Baylor 



Duton L. Stebbins 
E. C. Garrette 
R. H. Stevenson 
Alfred Whittell 
H. H. Behrent 



MAJORS 

George E. Schenk 

CAPTAINS 

Julian G. McCollom 
Charles J. Robinson 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Harrison M. Tucker 
Ernest M. Setzer 
William Leonberger 
Ernest M. Setzer, D. C 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



R. Y. Chedister, Jr. 
L. J. O'Brien 
M. P. Roscoe 
Louis Segall 
Otto P. Swartz 



Homer C. Ransom 
James B. Woolnough 



Oscar H. Bailey 
Eber R. Sizer 
Lauron N. Hanford 



316TH SUPPLY TRAIN 

MAJORS 

Oscar Seebach 



CAPTAINS 



Wilmer B. Brinton 
William G. Preston 
Chas. Richardson, Jr. 



[134] 



ADDENDA 



CAPTAINS 



Lorin H. Tryon 
Paul G. Rutten 



Wm. L. Stanton 
Joseph C. White 
Wallace S. McAllister 
Fred W. Urch 
Henry B. Johnson 



Allan R. Duncan 
Carl H. Odeen 
Clyde M. Leslie 
Don D. Wade 
Max Bennett 
Oscar H. Swaney 
B. Z. West 
Joseph B. Townsend 



Robert W. Brace 
Herbert C. Cheek 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Ray F. Cole, D. C. 
Sidney L. Foulston 
Edwin Schutz 
Marshall F. Brockway 
Russell G. Wagenet 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Ashley C. Browne 
Leo J. Creighton 
Chas. J. Kirby 
G. D. deBalaine 
H. L. Goodmanson 
Warren E. Clark 
Ernest L. Damkroger 



316TH TRAIN HEADQUARTERS AND MILITARY POLICE 

COLONEL 

Mathew E. Saville 



Dorsey W. Thickstun 



Mark Y. Croxall 
George W. Read 



Louis H. Heintz 
Chas. Richardson, Jr. 
Chas. F. Gerard 
George Wedekind 
George C. Leib 
John A. Loetsier 
William L. Hemphill 
Burt F. Dunham 



Hugo K. Visscher 
Sidney L. Foulston 
Robert T. Kane 
Wallace S. McAllister 



LIEUTENANT COLONELS 

Francis C. Endicott 

MAJORS 

William E. Finzer 
Paul T. Ferrer 

CAPTAINS 

Henry C. Akin 
John G. Heywood 
Andrew Marker 
Philip Clowry 
R. W. Thornberry 
Birge C. Swift, M. C. 
Francis K. Sylva, D. C. 
Geo. L. Gallagher, D. C. 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Henry B. Johnson 
Fred W. Urch 
Leland S. Wilson, D. C 
James N. Shaw, V. C. 



[ 135 ] 



THE 91st DIVISION 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



John C. Parent 
Ray J. Murphy 
W. P. Standiford 
Henry B. Johnson 
John T. Peterson 
James W. Nidle 
Paul G. Hahn 



Frank B. Grady 
S. M. Turner, V. C. 
John R. Ludwig, V. C. 
Lewis L. Bilikam, V. C. 
Chas. A. Rexroad, Chaplain 
Joseph A. Burke, Chaplain 



316TH AMMUNITION TRAIN 



Allen Smith, Jr. 



Norris J. Shupe 
Toseph L. Wier 



Clarence L. Stoddard 
Kenneth C. Gillis 
Andrew R. Marker 
Samuel H. Cabot 
Hiram L. Ricks, Jr. 
George M. Brazer 
Irenaeus N. Tucker 
Nelson T. Hartson 
Delbert Brunton 
Stephen T. Bandy 
George W. Wedekind 



Joseph E. Hatch 
Max A. Silver 
Joseph A. Cunningham 
Paul G. Rutten 
Adolph A. Anderson 
Donald S. Andrews 
Edwin Shutz 
James H. French 
Wallace S. McAllister 
George B. Somers 



Floyd C. Lloyd 
Irving H. Scott 
Charles Richardson 



MAJORS 

William H. Morse, M. C. 

CAPTAINS 

Harry L. Black 
Jack Hastie, Jr. 
George A. Gallagher 
Louis H. Heintz 
Herbert C. Cheek 
Charles F. Gerard 
Eric Kobbe 
William L. Hemphill 
John P. Cudahy 
William J. Scott 
John J. Pontius 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

William R. Morris 
Maurice M. Glazer, D. C. 
Leslie H. Weller 
Henry N. Schindler 
Thomas T. Taylor, Jr. 
Charles L. Smith 
James W. Nidle 
Walter E. Cole 
Roy Collier 
Carlos W. Huntington 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS 

Louis R. Kastner 
Lyman Grimes 
Warren E. Clark 



[136] 



ADDENDA 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



Earle B. Dunning 
Ray S. Jones 
Frank G. Duncan 
John T. Peterson 
John H. Happy- 
Warren P. Standiford 



Gino V. Medici de Solenni 
Elmer D. Campbell 
Henry B. Johnson 
Homer C. Butler 
Hazen J. Morrissey 
Clement N. Woodard 



Arthur A. Hopkins 
Julius Westerman 
Risher Thornberry 
William J. Coyle 



Charles Richardson 
Hugo K. Visscher 
William P. Gillogly 
Sidney L. Foulston 
Robert T. Kane 



H. M. Schindler 
Warren Standiford 



316TH MILITARY POLICE 

CAPTAINS 

George W. Read 
Louis H. Heintz 
John G. Heywood 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 



Merrill H. Nevin 
Gilpin S. Sessions 
Gontran de Balaine 
William Graham 



SECOND LIEUTENANTS 



John R. Valois 
Frank B. Grady 



316TH MOBILE ORDNANCE REPAIR SHOP 

CAPTAIN 



Frederick W. Helm 



Leslie H. Weller 
D. S. Andrews 



Frank G. Duncan 



FIRST LIEUTENANTS 

Roy Collier 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS 

C. M. Woodard 



MACHINE SHOP TRUCK UNIT NO. 409 

CAPTAIN 

Alexander S. Keefer 

[137] 



George E. Crary 



THE 91st DIVISION 
MAIL DETACHMENT 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS 

Edward E. Campbell 



FRENCH OFFICERS ATTACHED TO THE 91ST DIVISION 



Bernard de Lamy 



Thierry Mieg 
Antoine Riquoir 
Jean Champion 



Robert Guibert 
Auguste Arrighi 
Andre de Noblens 
Jean Meslier 
Roger Zeller 



COMMANDANT 



CAPITAINES 



Louis Sejourne 
Paul Roques 



LIEUTENANTS 



Edouard Hitau 

Jean Weill 

Robert Merel 

Laine 

Octave La Marche 



[138] 



ADDENDA 

THOSE WHO HAVE FALLEN 

Killed or Died of Wounds Received in Action 

Colonel 

Davis, William D 361st Infantry 

Majors 

Farwell, George W 361st Infantry 

Miller, Oscar F 361st Infantry 

Captains 

Abercrombie, Charles H 363rd Infantry 

Albertson, Webster S 363rd Infantry 

Burke, Campbell 361st Infantry 

Hughes, Howard D 361st Infantry 

Smith, Clarence F 361st Infantry 

Wattelet, Leonard A 364th Infantry 

Worsham, Elijah W 362nd Infantry 

First Lieutenants 

Betterton, Cherrill R 361st Infantry 

Carr, Joseph A 364th Infantry 

Carruthers, Emmet E 316th Engineers 

Coburn, Clinton K 362nd Infantry 

Cohn, David H 363rd Infantry 

Elam, Edward 362nd Infantry 

Gard, Frank J 362nd Infantry 

Harter, Clifford C 364th Infantry 

Hartwig, Gerhard F 363rd Infantry 

Higley, James S 364th Infantry 

Hobbins, Charles F 362nd Infantry 

Hummel, Fred A 348th Machine Gun Bn. 

Hurlburt, Ralph J 362nd Infantry 

Jansen, Lewis B 361st Infantry 

Kemble, John H. . . 362nd Infantry 

Kreutz, Joseph G 363rd Infantry 

Leisure, Everett R 363rd Infantry 

Lynch, Lawrence S 362nd Infantry 

MacDonnell, Albert S A. D. C, Hdqrs. 91st Div. 

[139] 



THE 91st DIVISION 
First Lieutenants 

Martin, Leon 362nd Infantry 

Newland, Charles J 347th Machine Gun Bn. 

Noble, Elmer J 364th Infantry 

Pierce, William 364th Infantry 

Shepherd, John S 362nd Infantry 

Starr, Truman 363rd Infantry 

Swift, Joseph F 362nd Infantry 

Tooze, Leslie 364th Infantry 

Vermilya, Sidney C 363rd Infantry 

Ware, Manniere B 362nd Infantry 

Wheat, Murray C 348th Machine Gun Bn. 

Second Lieutenants 

Carlson, Arthur E 347th Machine Gun Bn. 

Closterman, Albert M 362nd Infantry 

Cochran, Lloyd T 363rd Infantry 

Gentry, Rowdy 363rd Infantry 

Gilkeson, Robert W 316th Engineers 

Hayes, John C 361st Infantry 

Huberts, John G 363rd Infantry 

Kelley, John A 362nd Infantry 

Koch, Louis J 347th Machine Gun Bn. 

Long, John A 361st Infantry 

Mahon, John P 362nd Infantry 

McCleverty, Adelbert D 362nd Infantry 

McMurray, William V 363rd Infantry 

Smith, Paul D 361st Infantry 

Steam, Joseph H . . . . 362nd Infantry 

Tracy, Francis M 363rd Infantry 

Van Voris, Howard H 364th Infantry 

361st Infantry 

Aldred, Arthur E Private, Co. B 

Amos, Drew C Private, Co. I 

Anderson, Elmer R Corporal, Co. I 

Anderson, Benjamin N Private, Co. D 

Anderson, John Private, Co. G 

Arata, Joe Private, Co. E 

Arbogast, Jesse E Private, Co. D 

[MO] 



ADDENDA 

361st Infantry 

Asimakopoulos, Demetrios Private, Co. F 

Axelson, Otto E Corporal, M. G. 

Ayk, Jack Private, Co. I 

Baity, Ralph V Private, Co. C 

Bare, Mason S Private, M. G. 

Bare, William F Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Barger, Jacob Private, Co. B 

Bartlett, Leo R Private, Co. K 

Basone, Sam Private, Co. M 

Beach, Walter T Private, Co. M 

Bendiksen, Bendik Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Bennett, Xavior Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Bergendorff, Julius F Private, Co. I 

Berndt, Julius Corporal, Co. I 

Bet, Ferdinand Private, Co. L 

Bird, John C Private, Co. C 

Bloisi, Carmelo Private, Co. A 

Bonham, Albert L Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Boulden, Ambrose Private, Co. C 

Boyce, John S Private, Co. H 

Bracken, Ross J Private, Co. A 

Brending, Christof Private, Co. E 

Brophy, Anslem G Corporal, Co. C 

Brown, Howard E Private, Co. C 

Buckland, Roy Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Bussey, Horace C Private, Co. C 

Calleri, Giuseppe Private, Co. I 

Cantacesso, Trifone Private, Co. I 

Cariello, John G Private 1st Class, M. G. 

Carlone, Michael Private, Co. F 

Carlson, Carl M Mechanic, Co. I 

Cherwinski, Leonard B Private, Co. A 

Chichilicas, Nicoloas Private, Co. H 

Christodoulon, Manuel S Private, Co. L 

Christopher, John Private, M. G. 

Clark, Don W Sergeant, Co. E 

Clarke, Harold E Private, Co. I 

Cleaver, Harrison J Private, Co. H 

Closkey, Fred Private, Co. F 

[ 141 ] 



THE 91st DIVISION 
361st Infantry 

Collier, Loy H. Private, Co. K 

Comfort, John V Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Cook, Delbert W Private, Co. D 

Cosgrave, John V Private, Co. G 

Cowan, John G Private, Co. I 

Coziah, Frank L Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Creighton, Ralph G Private, Co. L 

Crocco, John Private 1st Class, Co. I 

Curry, Charles R Bugler, Co. D 

Daniels, Fred Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Danner, Frank C Corporal, Co. L 

Davis, Lee Private, Co. D 

Davis, Samuel A Sergeant, Co. F 

Davison, Gerald M Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

DeHart, Hugh Private, Co. F 

Dent, Alfred Private, Co. H 

Detrick, Virgil R Sergeant, Co. M 

Dontanville, Henry I Private, Co. C 

Douglass, Robert W Private, Co. I 

Draney, Herman T Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Dumas, Wilfred E Private, M. G. 

Eastman, Guy Private, Co. H 

Eckley, Grover C Private, Co. C 

Englehardt, Oswald Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Enman, Guy O Corporal, Co. E 

Epler, David A Private 1st Class, Co. I 

Erickson, Ernest J Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Evensen, Chris M Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Fiscalini, Ottavio Private, Co. E 

Fleckenstein, John O Corporal, Co. G 

Fletcher, Lester L Private, Co. G 

Flora, Lee Private 1st Class, Co. F 

Folsom, John V Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Ford, John J Private, Co. G 

Frydenberg, Bennie M Private, Co. I 

Gaedecke, Edward A Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Gale, Fred Private, Co. C 

Gardner, John A Sergeant, Co. C 

Garretty, Charles L Private, Co. L 

[142] 



ADDENDA 

361st Infantry 

Gatto, Peter Wagoner, Supply 

Goodman, Roy L Private, Co. C 

Gossi, Thomas Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Grable, Don R Sergeant, Co. D 

Graham, Thomas J Private, Co. L 

Griffith, William W Private, Co. C 

Grono, Harry A Supply Sergeant, Co. K 

Hach, George D Corporal, Co. D 

Hails, Joseph N Corporal, Co. A 

Halfman, Miles P Private, Co. I 

Hamelius, Frank J Corporal, Co. F 

Hamlin, Glezen F Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Hansen, Harry A Private, Co. G 

Harlow, Arthur E Private, Co. L 

Hartles, Martin Private, Co. M 

Haws, Leonard A Private, M. G. 

Hayes, William W Private, Co. D 

Helm, Robert E Bugler, Co. B 

Henderson, Cecil Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Hendrickson, Carl J Private, Co. B 

Henley, Alex * . . . . Sergeant, Co. C 

Hepworth, John L Corporal, Co. E 

Hess, William Private, Co. C 

Hickey, Edward H Private, Co. A 

Hightower, Neil G Private, Co. F 

Hill, Paul Mess Sergeant, Co. B 

Holliday, Delbert J Private, Co. M 

Hollzer, Maurice Private, Co. D 

Holmes, Leroy K Private, Co. A 

Horan, Leo P Private, Co. M 

Home, Victor H Private, Co. I 

Howell, Vernon L Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Huckaba, Charles Sergeant, Co. I 

Huebschwerlin, George Private, Co. F 

Irons, Edward R Private, Co. A 

Jackson, Carol F Private, Co. E 

Jacobson, Edward ........ Private, Co. I 

Jacobson, Henry A Private, Co. C 

Jacobson, John A Private, Co. L 

[143] 



THE 91st DIVISION 
361st Infantry 

Jacoby, William J Private, Co. F 

Jamison, Gill R. Sergeant, Co. G 

Jensen, Fred Private, Co. I 

Jensen, Jesse L Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Johansen, Niels Private, Co. I 

Johns, Marion F Corporal, Co. G 

Johnson, Clarence O Corporal, Co. L 

Johnson, Harry Private, Co. C 

Johnson, Henry J Private, Co. L 

Johnson, Raymond P Private, Co. C 

Johnson, Sam Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Jones, Clarence L Private, Co. F 

Jones, Gay L Private, Co. E 

Kahl, Howard Private, Co. H 

Kallas, Bill Private, Co. M 

Kangas, Victor Private, Co. E 

Kanode, Milton I Private, Co. F 

Kelley, Edwin J Private, Co. C 

Kemp, Isaac N Sergeant, Co. C 

Kennell, George Private, Co. H 

Keyes, Peter L Private, Co. G 

King, Jesse L Corporal, Co. D 

Kinnear, Worthy Private, Co. A 

Knetchel, Gordon B Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Kovich, Kris Private, Co. L 

Kramer, Alfred R Corporal, Co. D 

Krause, George W Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Krentz, Ernest R Sergeant, Co. B 

Kreuger, Elmer L Private, Co. B 

Krippner, William H Private, Co. M 

Kruse, Roy W Private, Co. C 

Kunstle, Edward F Private, Co. C 

Lambert, William J Private, Co. I 

Lancaster, Herschel Sergeant, Co. B 

Langston, Isaac H Private, Co. C 

Larrecq, John P Private, Co. F 

Larsen, Daniel Mechanic, Co. B. 

Larsen, Ferdinand M Corporal, Co. G 

Larsen, Lars L. Private, Co. A 

[144] 



ADDENDA 

361st Infantry 

Larsen, Lars P. Private, Co. L 

Larsen, Lawrence E Mechanic, Co. A 

Larson, Budd C Private 1st Class, M. G. 

Larson, Carl A Corporal, Co. I 

Lecornu, Herman G Corporal, Co. L 

Lewis, Clifford Corporal, Co. M 

Liebscher, Frank W Corporal, Co. F 

Lien, Martin O Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Litschi, Andrew P Private, Co. F 

Ludke, Paul F Private, Co. C 

Lynch, James V Private, Co. A 

Lysberg, Christen J Private, Co. A 

Mack, George Private, Co. H 

Madden, Daniel F Private, Co. L 

Mares, Samuel Private, Co. I 

Martin, George I Corporal, Co. F. 

Martin, John P Private, Co. I 

Marzinko, John Private, Co. A 

Mastromonaco, Michele Private 1st Class, Co. H 

May, Frank P Private, Co. I 

Mazzone, Domenic Private, Co. C 

McCadam, Joseph J Private 1st Class, Co. L 

McCarthy, George F Sergeant, Co. I 

McCutchen, Robert S Private, Co. M 

McCormack, Leo K Corporal, Co. E 

McCormick, Daniel Private, Co. M 

McGinty, John J Private, Co. I 

McGregor, Carson Private 1st Class, Co. B 

McMullen, John M Private 1st Class, Co. E 

McNeill, Jerome J Private, Co. F 

Mead, Leland C Private, Med. Dept. 

Meigs, Bert W Private, Co. K 

Metz, Claude L Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Meyer, George H Private, Co. D 

Meyers, Vernard J Private, M. G. 

Miller, Gilbert Private, Co. L 

Miller, Harry Private, Co. K 

Miller, Thomas J Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Miller, Wesley W Sergeant, M. G. 

[145] 



THE 91st DIVISION 
361st Infantry 

Minch, Floyd Private, Co. E. 

Mitchell, Frank R Private, Co. E. 

Moe, McKinley Mechanic, Co. B 

Moore, Lee E Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Morris, George B Private, Co. B 

Morrison, Earl E Cook, Co. K 

Morrison, Edward J Private, Co. B 

Morriss, Roland Reg. Sup. Sergt., Supply 

Moses, Erman W Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Mumford, Wilson T Sergeant, Co. F 

Mullder, John Private, Co. C 

Nelson, Carl A Private, Co. L 

Nelson, John Private, Co. M 

Nelson, Richard Sergeant, M. G. 

Neuman, Emil F Private, M. G. 

Nichols, Robert B Private, Co. A 

Norguard, Omer S Sergeant, Co. G 

Nygren, Claude E Private, Co. E 

O'Connell, Maurice J Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

O'Conner, Clement Cook, Co. L 

Often, Elmer E. . . .' Sergeant, Co. B 

Olson, Anton L Corporal, Co. L 

Olson, Elvin O Private, Co. I 

Oliver, Mathew L Private, Co. M 

Omundson, Oscar T Private, Co. M 

O'Neal, William L Private, Co. E 

Oster, Otto H Sergeant, Co. M 

O strom, Sidney A Private, Co. B 

Otte, George H Private, Co. M 

Owens, William Corporal, Co. C 

Palmgren, Swan L Private, Co. H 

Parenti, Amedeo Private, Co. K 

Parks, Jesse L Private, Co. L 

Pasini, Battisti Private, M. G. 

Perdue, Claude C Private, Co. F 

Peri, Charles J Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Perin, Domineco Private, Co. H 

Perrine, Fred V Private, Co. B 

Peterson, Gustave W Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

[146] 



ADDENDA 

361st Infantry 

Pierce, John H Corporal, Co. I 

Pietrantonio, Trifone . . . . . Corporal, Co. D 

Plowman, Kenna P Corporal, Hdqrs. Co. 

Porter, George M Private, Co. M 

Pronovost, Joseph . Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Pugmire, Angus Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Rago, Frank H Private, Co. E 

Ramey, William H Private, Co. K 

Rathbun, Guy S Sergeant, Co. K 

Rau, Jacob Private, Co. A 

Rees, John Sergeant, Co. M 

Rehbein, Henry A Private, Co. M 

Rehbein, Orlin R Private, Co. A 

Requa, Harry E Private, Co. M 

Riccuiti, Alfonso Private, Co. M 

Richards, Alfred Corporal, Co. L 

Richards, Robert H Private 1st Class, Co. F 

Ringer, Ira R Private, Co. F 

Ringhand, Herman Private, Co. M 

Rivar, James T 1st Sergeant, Co. K 

Robinson, Glen H Corporal, Co. C 

Roman, John Sergeant, Hdqrs. Co. 

Ronning, Sigurd Private, Co. L 

Ross, Orville Private, Co. C 

Rowley, Thorvald Private, Co. G 

Salter, George Private, Co. I 

Sands, William R Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Satterberg, Victor E Private, Co. L 

Saunders, William V Corporal, Co. C 

Schneider, John A Corporal, Co. I 

Schroeder, Frederick C Private, Co. B 

Seamans, Harry Private, Co. I 

Seeley, Charles A Private, Co. H 

Shelse, Tom Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Shreve, Edson R Private, Co. C 

Simington, George S Private, Co. K 

Simonson, Simon Private, Co. D 

Simpson, George L Private, Co. H 

Skifish, Mate Private, Co. L 

[147] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

361st Infantry 

Smith, Albert H Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Smith, Archie L . Private, Co. A 

Smith, Bert C Private, Co. E 

Smith, Verne M Corporal, Co. L 

Smyth, Thomas Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Soffoniason, Trigivi Sergeant, Co. K 

Stearns, Peter Private 1st Class, Supply 

Stevens, Bert . Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Stevens, Frank T Private, Co. A 

Stock, Ernest H Private, Co. M 

Streeter, Byron O Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Strickland, Bert Wagoner, Supply Co. 

Swenn, William Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Sylvester, Clarence A Corporal, Co. C 

Tacagni, Angelo Private, Co. K 

Taylor, Lynn Private, Co. C 

Theobald, Edgar T Private, Co. L 

Therkildsen, Niels Private, M. G 

Thomas, David A Private, Co. G 

Thrapp, Frank O. . Private, Co. I 

Timerman, John H Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Tool, Leland W Private, Co. E 

Toomey, Ralph Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Tselonis, George D Private, Med. Dept. 

Twerdale, Barney Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Umphenor, Lee W. . Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Van Lew, Elmer E Private, Co. I 

Vestergaard, Magnus Private, Co. L 

Walch, William Private, Co. L 

Walker, Kyle G Private, Co. E 

Wallner, Hugo F Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Walsh, Henry M Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Waltersdorf, Max A Private, Co. M 

Ward, John J Private, Co. B 

Washington, Paul Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Watson, George W Private, Co. D 

Wells, Clyde Private, Co. K 

Whitney, Roy A Private, Co. C 

Wigle, Frank O Corporal, Co. L 

[148] 



ADDENDA 

361st Infantry 

Williams, Charles V Private, Co. E 

Williams, Grover D Corporal, Co. L 

Williams, Thomas O Corporal, Co. D 

Wilson, Gustav Private, Co. L 

Witbeck, John E Private, Co. C 

Woodson, Ray Private, Co. M 

Woodward, Samuel O Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Worthington, Robert C Private, Co. E 

Wright, Jesse A Private, Co. K 

Wright, Sidney A Corporal, Co. K 

Zanoni, John Private, M. G. 

Zilkey, Julius C Private, Co. K 

362nd Infantry 

Adamoli, Matteo Bugler, Co. F 

Admire, Roger C Private, Co. G 

Allen, Orin W Mechanic, Co. M 

Anderson, Charles N Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Anderson, Lee M Corporal, Co. H 

Anthony, Harold B Sup. Sergeant, Co. D 

Anton, Victor Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Arledge, Charles E Private 1st Class, Co. M 

August, Charles J Private, Co. E 

Austin, Roy I Private, Co. G 

Bagan, James C Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Baker, Joseph H Private, Co. C 

Baldassere, Dinatle Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Barnes, Frank C Sergeant, Co. B 

Barnes, Lester J Private, Co. G 

Barron, Edward Private, Co. H 

Barrus, Edward H Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Barthel, Albert L Private, Co. I 

Behm, Edward Private, Co. H 

Benson, Walter Private, Co. K 

Berger, Calmer Mechanic, Co. D 

Bergquist, Victor E Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Beritich, Domenick Private, Co. B 

Booth, William H Corporal, Co. B 

Borel, Frank J Private 1st Class, Co. K 

r i49i 



THE 91st DIVISION 

362nd Infantry 

Bower, James R Private, Co. L 

Boyd, Arvel R. Private, Co. A 

Bradshaw, Albert J Sergeant, Hdqrs. Co. 

Brady, Ray A Private, Co. D 

Breitenstein, Clifford Private, Co. K 

Breslin, Cornelius Wagoner, Sup. Co. 

Brier, Chauncey L Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Brusgard, Harold C Corporal, Co. H 

Buckwald, Louis W Sergeant, Co. B 

Buddeke, Joseph C Private, Co. F 

Cahoon, Arthur L Corporal, Co. M 

Calac, Alphonso Private, Co. C 

Calac, Philip D Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Callaghan, Jerry Corporal, Co. D 

Carlile, George W Corporal, Co. L 

Carlson, Edward Private, Co. C 

Carretto, Joe Private, Co. A 

Carrier, Douglas L Private, Co. E 

Caspar, Edward L Private, Co. F 

Cassady, Clifford Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Cherry, Edward H Private, Co. K 

Christenson, Royal C Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Coleman, Roy E Corporal, Co. I 

Collins, Ora L Sergeant, Co. D 

Cotrill, Harry D Private, Co. E 

Cottle, Bennie A Private, Co. D 

Counts, Clifford M Private, Co. F 

Cowie, Allan Sergeant, Hdqrs. Co. 

Coykendall, George Corporal, Co. M 

Crecelius, Wever J Private, Co. I 

Crook, Harry J Private, Co. E 

Crow, Earl F Private, Co. I 

Crowley, Dennis Private, Co. H 

Crowser, Howard L Private, Co. E 

Datres, Charles Private, Co. H 

David, Seth R Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Davis, Levi B Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Day, George R Corporal, Co. F 

Deckard, Isaiah Private, Co. F 

[150] 



ADDENDA 

362nd Infantry 

Demars, Andrew M Mechanic, Co. K 

De Witt, Roscoe Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Dickerson, William C Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Domergus, Cassimer Private, Co. K 

Dordan, John Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Dover, Lionel C Private, Co. D 

Dugat, George Corporal, Co. D 

Duncan, Fred R Sergeant, Co. E 

Eaton, George E Private, Co. E 

Eckhart, Glenn D Sergeant, Co. G 

Edmondson, Harry Private, Co. K 

Edwards, Frank W Private, Co. C 

Eisman, Otto L Private, Co. K 

Elwood, Marvin A Private, Co. E 

Erickson, Edwin M Private, Co. I 

Evans, Raymond E Private, Co. C 

Evans, Roland Corporal, Co. F 

Farrell, John C Private, Co. H 

Field, Carey M Private 1st Class, M. G. 

Finch, Alonzo Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Fiorito, Crescenzo Private, Co. C 

Fleischer, George W Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Foss, Edwin A Private, Co. E 

Fox, Wilbur F Private 1st Class, M. G. 

Franek, Joseph Private, Co. K 

Gaffinet, Forest Private, Co. G 

Gallagher, Walter J Sergeant, Hdqrs. Co. 

Garbolino, Louis Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Garner, William L Private, Co. I 

Garrett, Leo G Private, Co. K 

Gautsche, Lee Private 1st Class, Co. I 

Gejlls, Charles Private, Co. E 

Gentry, Clarence W Private, Co. M 

Gladowski, Frank J Private, Co. F 

Goodwin, Hollis R Private 1st Class, M. G. 

Gowers, Ray N Sergeant, Co. M 

Green, Arthur R Corporal, Co. F 

Green, Frank O Private, Co. F 

Greenwalt, Irvin M Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

[151] 



THE 91st DIVISION 
362nd Infantry 

Griffin, Floyd W Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Grosso, Antonio Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Gwinner, William J Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Hadland, Ingrebret I Private, Co. I 

Hahn, Ernest W Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Hale, Bert J Corporal, Co. B 

Halvorson, Halvor L Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Hamm, Peter Private 1st Class, Co. H 

Handley, Athel R Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Hanks, Peter A. . Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Hanson, Fred S. . Private, Co. C 

Hardy, George W Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Harling, Jesse Private, Co. L 

Harper, Earl S Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Harper, William E 1st Sergeant, Co. H 

Harris, Jackson Private, Co. H 

Haskell, Fred Private, Co. G 

Hassett, John S Private, Co. L 

Hay, Archibald L Sergeant, Co. G 

Heath, Joseph Private, Co. F 

Heiken, Henry Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Hendershot, Frederick W Private, Co. H 

Henderson, Walter H Corporal, Co. D 

Hennessey, Edward D Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Henry, John K Private, M. G. 

Henson, Claude Corporal, Co. A 

Higinbotham, John Corporal, Co. D 

Hofland, Elmer A Corporal, Hdqrs. Co. 

Hollaar, William Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Holman, James G Sergeant, Co. E 

Hughes, Russell Private, Co. K 

Hughes, Thomas Private, Co. A 

Hutsinpiller, Chester E Private, Co. C 

Jacobson, Walter Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Jahr, Carl W Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Jensen, Willis E Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Johnson, Joseph E . Corporal, Co. B 

Jones, Bert A Private, Co. K 

Jorgenson, Einar Private, Co. L 

'[ 152 ] 



ADDENDA 

362nd Infantry 

Kahlmeier, Charles Private, Co. F 

Kainz, Joseph Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Kemp, Lester W Private, Co. H 

Kenney, Walter P Private, Co. K 

Kindle, Ralph W Private, Co. H 

Kite, Jesse Private, Co. H 

Klingman, Alfred D Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Koplitz, William E . Corporal, Co. K 

Kubitza, Vincent B Cook, Co. K 

Kund, William F Private, Co. A 

Kukoski, Thomas C Private, Co. F 

Lambert, Arthur Private, Co. A 

Lane, Clifford Private, Co. A 

Lang, Emil Sergeant, Co. K 

Larson, Christian H Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Larson, David H Private, Co. D 

Leader, Roy H Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Leibole, John H Corporal, Co. I 

Livingston, Frank P Corporal, Co. G 

Longson, Charles R Sergeant, Co. F 

Loue, Julian T Corporal, Co. C 

Luring, William Private, Co. H 

Lynn, Howard C Private, Co. G 

Mach, Harry Private, Co. C 

Madson, Oscar J Bugler, Co. C 

Marinelli, Mike Private, Co. A 

Martin, Louis A Private, Co. G 

Martinson, John Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Mason, Robert D Private, Med. Dept. 

Mathison, Harry L Sergeant, Hdqrs. Co. 

Mazzarella, Kelley D Private, Co. I 

McDermott, James G Private 1st Class, Co. M 

McMillian, Melvin B Sergeant, Co. F 

Meidinger, Alphonso Corporal, Co. C 

Monetrey, Charles L Private, Co. K 

Mertz, Melvin J Private, Co. C 

Metz, Walter Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Milburn, Joseph W Private, Co. B 

Miller, Charles P Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

[ 153 ]' 



THE 91st DIVISION 

362nd Infantry 

Miller, James G Private, Co. I 

Mitchell, Roy Private, Co. G 

Modie, Andrew C Sergeant, Co. A 

Mohler, Allen L Private, Co. L 

Monk, Robert Private, Co. M 

Morrow, Earl W Corporal, Co. A 

Moy, Ortie R Sergeant, Co. G 

Nafez, Amen R Sergeant, Co. E 

Nagel, Jacob Private, Co. H 

Newman, John E Corporal, Co. L 

Nichols, Alfred Mechanic, Co. D 

Nickelson, Edwin Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Nickolay, Nicholas Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Nunes, Frank F Private, Co. M 

Nypen, Harry Private, Co. B 

Nyquist, Fritz N Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Oberg, Fritz L Private, Co. B 

O'Boyle, David K Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Odegaard, Albert Private, Co. A 

O'Hara, Thomas V Corporal, Co. L 

O'Neill, George A Private, Co. H 

Osborn, Frank Corporal, Co. I 

Ostler, Frank Corporal, Co. I 

Panagas, Nicholas W Private, Co. L 

Parker, Harvey A Corporal, Co. F 

Perry, Fred A Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Petcoff, Steve Private, Co. H 

Peterson, Chris Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Peterson, Gustave W Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Peterson, John O Corporal, Co. F 

Peterson, Leonard H Private 1st Class, Co. H 

Pfahl, Richard Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Phalen, John S Private, Co. F 

Piazzola, Joseph Private, M. G. 

Pitzen, John E Private, Co. G 

Prigan, Robert E Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Pyatt, Samuel E Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Quirile, Angelo Private, Co. E 

Raaen, John . Private, Co. A 

[154] 



ADDENDA 

362nd Infantry 

Rasmussen, Max E Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Read, Truls A Private, Co. L 

Reeves, Melvin Corporal, Co. K 

Rodgers, William F . Private, Co. G 

Rose, Robert Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Ross, Joseph L Private, Co. D 

Ross, Samuel Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Rossan, Egino Private 1st Class, Co. H 

Rudi, Andrew Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Rydell, Axel T Private, Co. L 

Sadler, Albert S Sergeant, Co. F 

Sallee, Carl W Bugler, Co. C 

Sanders, Que X Mechanic, Co. H 

Sandvig, James A Private, Co. H 

Scalera, Vito S Private, Co. C 

Schell, Henry Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Schulte, August F Private, Co. H 

Scott, Earl R Private, Co. D 

Seagle, Haller P Sergeant, Co. B 

Seigfried, George A Private, Co. G 

Seymour, Gerard O Private, Co. G 

Shaffer, Rheinhold D . Private, Co. G 

Shand, Adam Sergeant, Co. C 

Shaw, Lee Private, Co. B 

Sidwell, Orville Private, Co. H 

Smith, Benjamin C Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Smith, George Private, Co. G 

Smith, Rhodes R Private, Co. C 

Solari, David Private, Co. G 

Sorenson, Joseph A Corporal, Co. G 

Soum, Steen Sergeant, Co. C 

Spears, Mathew J Private, Co. I 

Stamogianis, Xenophon Private, Co. F 

Stovern, Leo E Private, Co. E 

Strom, Walter A Private, Co. G 

Strommen, Nicolain Private, Co. H 

Strouf, Henry Private, Co. A 

Studebaker, Floyd A Private, Co. F 

Sturdevant, Robert L Private, M. G. 

[155] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

362nd Infantry 

Sullivan, Dan Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Swanson, Harry Supply Sergeant, Co. K 

Swanson, Harry W Private, M. G. 

Stubstad, Emil O Private, Co. C 

Swedberg, Walter G Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Tate, Isaac Private, Co. F 

Taylor, Ray B Private, Co. K 

Terrill, John M Private, Co. F 

Thomas, Joseph Sergeant, Co. E 

Thompson, Archie M Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Thomson, Walter B Private, Co. H 

Togstad, Theodore Private, Co. L 

Transeth, Martin Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Trovatten, Herbert J Corporal, Co. B 

Van Allen, Delbert B Private, Co. H 

Vevle, Andrew Private, Co. K 

Vincent, Harlow H Private, Co. H 

Vog, Holden Private, Co. G 

Vogt, Francis Corporal, Co. C 

Voltonn, John Private, Co. E 

Walker, John S Private, Co. K 

Walker, William T Private, Co. H 

Weiler, Walter Private 1st Class, Co. F 

West, Walter J Corporal, Co. D 

Wignel, Frank Private, Co. H 

Wik, Andrew Private 1st Class, Co. F 

Williams, Raymond O Corporal, Co. H 

Wilsen, Albert E Private, Co. K 

Wilsen, Orson P Mechanic, Co. L 

Winkleblack, Clarence D Sergeant, Hdqrs. Co. 

Withrow, Harrison M Private, Co. C 

Wittworth, Walter Private, Co. H 

Wodicker, Frank A Private, Co. H 

Wood, Eugene B Corporal, Co. M 

Wright, Jack P Sergeant, Co. F 

Zieka, William Private, Co. G 

Headquarters 181st Infantry Brigade 

Moser, Charles J Private, Hdqrs. Dept. 

[156] 



ADDENDA 

363rd Infantry 

Adams, Benjamin J Sergeant, Co. K 

Adams, Herbert H Corporal, Hdqrs. Co. 

Aggeler, Jerrald Corporal, Hdqrs. Co. 

Akeson, Bror H Private, Co. K 

Alexander, James W Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Allen, Thomas Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Anderson, Alfred E. L Sergeant, Co. I 

Anderson, Simeon M Private, Co. H 

Appling, Marvin C Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Atkins, Joseph H Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Bahney, John W Corporal, Co. M 

Baker, Charles A Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Baker, Henry S Private, Co. D 

Barnes, Wilson B Sergeant, Hdqrs. Co. 

Batchelor, Louis W Corporal, Co. K 

Benson, Lawrence Private, Co. F 

Berges, Gaston J Sergeant, Co. D 

Bergesen, Leland E Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Berglund, Fred J Private, Co. A 

Besana, Giuseppe Private, Co. F 

Best, Neil W Private, Co. B 

Beyer, Peter Corporal, Hdqrs. Co. 

Billings, Ernest O Private, Co. K 

Blair, William O Private, Co. M 

Blau, Otto H Corporal, Co. I 

Borror, Murel R Private, M. G. 

Breckenridge, Roy Private, Co. F 

Bruckbauer, Joseph Private, Co. D 

Bulaich, George Sergeant, Co. M 

Burke, George L 1st Sergeant, Hdqrs. Co. 

Burnham, Paul J Private, Co. M 

Cahill, Thomas F Sergeant, Co. L 

Cameron, Clyde C Private, Co. C 

Carletillo, Nick Private, Co. L 

Carlson, Otto J Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Carlson, Thomas Private, Co. L 

Carruthers, Henry Private, Co. C 

Cary, Harold E Corporal, Co. A 

Casajus, John B Corporal, Co. L 

[157] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

363rd Infantry 

Catzimon, George J Private, Co. L 

Chaff ey, Glenn W Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Christensen, Pete Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Cogswell, James J Private, Co. I 

Collins, John W Private, Co. M 

Colvin, Clarence E Private, Co. A 

Conodera, Umberto Private, Co. F 

Conlon, Bernard J Corporal, Co. I 

Cooper, Robert S Supply Sergeant, Co. A 

Corkery, Don Private, Co. C 

Cunningham, Elza Merle Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Cutler, James R Private, Co. L 

Czolgas, Toney Private, Co. K 

Dahl, Albert I Private, Co. B 

Dalrymple, John M Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Daniels, Carl M Private, Co. A 

Davis, Lauren E Private, Co. M 

Davis, Victor H Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Davidson, Arthur L Corporal, Co. I 

Day, George W Private, Co. I 

Del Debbio, Giuseppe Private, Co. F 

Del Zotto, Cesare Private, Co. F 

De Santi, Narciso Corporal, Co. E 

Dickerson, Charley O Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Dillon, Patrick Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Diver, Alva E Private, Co. M 

Dodds, Harley D Private, Co. F 

Donahue, Lawrence A Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Donnelly, Joseph P Private, Co. C 

Donovan, Jerry S Private, Co. M 

Eide, Sverre Private, Co. M 

Elsholz, Frank W Private 1st Class, M. G. 

Epperson, Uriah M Sergeant, Med. Dept 

Erickson, August Private, Co. A 

Evans, Kenneth Private, Co. F 

Ewing, Omer K Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Feely, Aloysius Corporal, Co. I 

Ferrari, Frank S Private 1st Class, M. G. 

Fitch, Geo A Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

[158] 



ADDENDA 

363rd Infantry- 
Fleming Isaac L . . Corporal, Co. M 

Foster, Alfred J Sergeant, M. G. 

Frank, Chauncey R Corporal, Co. C 

Fredway, Will I Sergeant, Co. B 

Frese, Clarence B Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Fugazzi, Savio J Private, Co. L 

Gallagher, Frank D Private, Co. M 

Garrison, Job A Private, Supply Co. 

Gatts, William L Private, Co. F 

Giambruno, Isadore Bugler, Co. D 

Gidney, George Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Gillespie, Ralph Sergeant, Co. G 

Gimblett, James H Private 1st Class, Co. H 

Giumchi, Orlindo Corporal, Co. M 

Gobble, Ed D Private, M. G. 

Gomez, Simon Private, Co. K 

Gostos, Tom P Private, Co. I 

Greeg, Don C Private, Co. A 

Green, Craig Private, M. G. 

Gregory, Edwin L Private 1st Class, Co. H 

Guido, Ernest Corporal, Co. E 

Gustafson, Carl R. B Sergeant, Co. L 

Hagedorn, William Corporal, M. G. 

Hammel, Clarence H Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Hammons, Carrol C Corporal, Co. I 

Hansen, Soren C Corporal, Co. H 

Hardcastle, Chester Private, Co. L 

Hardie, Joe Private, Co. D 

Hennig, Joseph B Private, Co. F 

Hennig, Otto Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Hesterman, Henry J Private, Co. A 

Higgins, Hugh V Corporal, Co. M 

Hiney, Benjamin W Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Hinton, Robert Private, Co. A 

Hitner, Fred Private, Co. F 

Hoffman, John Private, Co. D 

Hoffman, Myron 1 1st Sergeant, Co. M 

Holdkom, Paul R Corporal, M. G. 

Hugill, Thomas W Corporal, Co. L 

[159] 



THE 91st DIVISION 
363rd Infantry 

levers, William H Corporal, Co. A 

Jakos, William G Private, Co. C 

Janney, Arthur Private, M. G. 

Jensen, Edward Mechanic, Co. C 

Jensen, Hans A Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Johnson, David F Private, Co. G 

Johnson, Ernest F Private, Co. I 

Johnson, George H Corporal, Co. I 

Jones, Carl C Sergeant, Co. K 

Joseph, Sidney Private, Co. I 

Justin, Joseph W Private, Co. K 

Karas, Charles P Private, Co. L 

Kasper, Edmund T Corporal, Hdqrs. Co. 

Kasten, Brook F Private, Co. L 

Kay, Ivan E Private, Co. L 

Kicker, Alva E Private, Co. M 

Kibal, Harry A Private, M. G. 

Kline, Lloyd W Private, Co. C 

Klonowski, Joseph Private, Co. A 

Knowles, Walter A. ...... . Private, Co. F 

Krenz, Walter Private, Co. C 

Koenig, William H Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Lady, Walter O Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Lallie, Daniel E Corporal, Co. L 

Larsen, Fred . Private, Co. H 

Lilgreen, Alfred Private, Co. L 

Lindstrom, Knute Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Lippi, George E Private, Co. C 

Lister, John M Corporal, Co. K 

Lorenson, Edward H Corporal, Co. I 

Longley, Hugh M Private, Co. I 

Lovey, Frank J Private, Co. C 

Lund, John W Cook, Co. I 

MacPherson, William Sergeant, Co. B 

Mangan, Timothy Private, Co. A 

McCausland, Clinton Sergeant, Co. M 

McConnachie, James Private 1st Class, Co. A 

McFall, Hope Sergeant, Co. L 

McSpadden, Henry S Private, Co. B 

[160] 



ADDENDA 

363rd Infantry 

Mead, James H Corporal, Co. M 

Miller, Virgil H Private, Co. I 

Minck, William B. ....... Private, Co. H 

Misfeldt, Henry Private, Co. G 

Moak, Newton E Private, Co. C 

Morchio, Antonio Private, Co. G 

Morris, Dannis T Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Morris, Verne D Private, Co. I 

Morrow, William H Private, Co. I 

Mortenson, John P Private, Co. D 

Morton, William Private, Co. C 

Mure, Salvatore Private, Co. K 

Murphy, Alfred J Private, M. G. 

Nella, Antonio Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Nicholson, Hans E Private, Co. H 

Nixon, William C Private, Co. F 

Nonneman, Albert Corporal, Co. M 

Nunes, Alfred Corporal, Co. G 

O'Byrn, Albert Private, Co. F 

Osterloh, Conrad Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Pachmayr, Frank J Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Pagliaro, Ralph Private, Co. M 

Palmer, Lester A Private, Co. I 

Parke, Charles Private, Co. E 

Pearson, James C Private, Co. H 

Pedrioli, Louis Sergeant, Co. M 

Perry, William S Corporal, Co. C 

Peterson, Henry F Private, Co. K 

Peterson, Peter W Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Pinkham, Albert L Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Porter, Guy A Corporal, Co. H 

Powell, Ballard B Corporal, Co. M 

Prestridge, John Private, Co. G 

Quirk, Joseph Private, Co. I 

Ratz, Emil Private, Co. H 

Reams, Mannie E Private, M. G. 

Regallo, Henry J Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Revaz, Emanuel C Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Risdon, Jack Corporal, Co. H 

[161] 



\ 

THE 91st DIVISION 

363rd Infantry 

Robart, Leon Private 1st Class, Co. H 

Robinson, Lynn E. S Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Rose, Arval C Sergeant, Co. I 

Ross, Carl E Sergeant, M. G. 

Rush, Fred L Private, Co. H 

Rusting, Joseph F Mechanic, Co. F 

Sanders, Porter L Private, Co. G 

Sanderson, Carl S Private, Co. F 

Sanger, Anno Private, Co. L 

Sather, Carl Private, Co. M 

Sabini, Louigi Private, Co. H 

Scafidi, Giuseppe Private, Co. G 

Schmalz, John W Corporal, Co. C 

Schmit, Peter Private, Co. M 

Shoenduby, Fred Private, Co. L 

Schriner, George Private, Co. K 

Schwerin, Arthur E Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Seaton, Raymond Private, Co. D 

Sexton, Harold A Corporal, Co. L 

Shannahan, John G Private, Co. C 

Shiely, Edward Corporal, Co. I 

Shuf elt, Lee R Private, Co. L 

Sidley, Walter J Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Silcott, Clyde Private, Co. C 

Simmons, Melvin Sergeant, Co. G 

Smith, Edward R Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Smith, Jay T Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Smith, Thomas P Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Smith, William Private, M. G. 

Snow, Travis L Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Souza, Constantino Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Spolini, Arturo Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Staples, Guy W Corporal, Co. H 

Stedman, Oliver J Private, Co. C 

Stevenson, Wilfred Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Stone, William E Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Stout, Forrest E Private, Co. K 

Strickland, Perry Private, Co. I 

Stroud, Elmer K Private, Co. K 

[162] 



ADDENDA 

363rd Infantry 

Stubbs, Edward Private, Co. G 

Stuettig, Herman Corporal, Co. D 

Sturtevant, Robert S Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Sudbeck, August Private, M. G. 

Suggett, Archie Private, Co. G 

Sweetman, John M Sergeant, Co. K 

Szoka, Isador Private, Co. I 

Taliberti, Louis Private, Co. F 

Thalman, Chauncey C Private, M. G. 

Theriault, Edward H Corporal, Hdqrs. Co. 

Thomas, Harry E Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Thompson, Charles H., Jr Sergeant, Co. M 

Thorson, Henry Private, Co. G 

Titl, Ward Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Townsend, Richard W Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Tredwell, Will I. . Sergeant, Co. B 

Tucker, Thomas Private, Co. L 

Van Mourik, John Corporal, Co. C 

Vinther, Claudius Corporal, Co. G 

Wainia, William Private, Co. M 

Walker, James M Private, Co. M 

Wall, Ernest W Corporal, Co. B 

Waller, Guy L. E Private, Co. M 

Watts, John H Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Westcott, William Private, Co. L 

Westerberg, Ervin A Private, Co. M 

Weylandt, Lester L Corporal, Co. K 

Whanger, Harrison O Private, Co. L 

White, Thomas R Sergeant, Co. K 

Whitney, William E Sergeant, Co. C 

Whittburn, Frederick Private, Co. C 

Wightman, Mark N Private, Co. C 

Wilson, Alba A Private, M. G. 

Wilson, James L Corporal, Co. H 

Woods, Robert Private, Co. I 

Woodward, Earl Corporal, M. G. 

Worley, Neldon W Private, Co. E 

Yancy, Bertrum B Private, Co. D 

Zaiss, Adolph Private, Co. I 

[ 163 ] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

363rd Infantry 

Zvijokovich, John Cook, Co. E 

Zweig, Benjamin Private, Co. D 

364th Infantry 

Ahern, George C Sergeant, Co. L 

Alstrum, Chester A Private, Co. E 

Anderson, Carl M Private, Co. K 

Anderson, James B Private, Co. D 

Anderson, Theodore Private, Co. E 

Andrigasevich, Stepan Private, Co. D 

Andrus, Lester Private 1st Class, Co. H 

Bagley, John W Private, Co. M 

Barnett, Clinton F 1st Sergeant, Co. D 

Beal, Ernest E Private, Med. Dept. 

Berggren, Harold V Private, M. G. 

Benshoof, Clifford Private, Co. B 

Black, Ed Private, Co. B 

Bortle, Oscar R Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Brandt, Merville E Private, Co. I 

Branson, Ray Private, Co. E 

Brown, Milford H Private, Co. G 

Burckell, David Private, Co. G 

Buehler, Omer R Private. M. G. 

Burns, Elbert T Private 1st Class, Co. F 

Burrel, Frank Private, Co. M 

Burrows, Charles A 1st Sergeant, Co. L 

Camastro, Antonio Private, Co. F 

Camp, George W Corporal, Co. B 

Camparzi, Mario Private, Co. A 

Carron, Henry Private, Co. K 

Carter, Carl Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Cheek, Luther Private 1st Class, Med. 

Coburn, Clarence Private, M. G. 

Colucci, Michele Private, Co. H 

Cooper, Robert W Corporal, Co. A 

Cottrell, Roy W Private, Co. K 

Cress, John J Private, Co. E 

Crowell, William H Private, Co. D 

Davis, Frank G Corporal, Co. L 

[164] 



ADDENDA 

364th Infantry 

De Santo, Theodore Private, Co. B 

Dulmage, Ralph Supply Sergeant, Co. C 

Duncan, Elora Private, Co. I 

Dutcher, Clayton T Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Dyer, Glenn H Sergeant, Co. H 

Edgeworth, Lovell Private, Co. D 

Edwards, Arthur R Private, Co. C 

Edwards, Clyde H Private, Co. M 

Endress, Otto C Private, Co. D 

Enneberg, Walter Private, Co. D 

Estep, Fred G Private, Co. B 

Fernandez, Frank Private, Co. K 

Fernandez, Rufus E Private, Co. G 

Fitzgerald, William Private, Co. A 

Fleischhauer, Walter Private, Co. E 

Forker, Albert E Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Foster, Jesse L Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Fox, Elmer Private, M. G 

Frost, Dallas Private, Co. A 

Gilborne, William H Private, Co. E 

Glass, Leslie L Corporal, Co. C 

Goldie, Roy C Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Goss, William H Private, Co. C 

Gotelli, Michele Private, Co. L 

Grant, William J Private, Co. C 

Gray, Leroy S Private, Co. E 

Grisedale, Francis T Mechanic, Co. L 

Grooms, Denver L Private, Co. C 

Groves, Charlie J Private, Co. C 

Guess, John, Jr Sergeant, Co. H 

Gutierrez, Paul J Private, Co. A 

Hagen, Frank J Private, Co. E 

Hagestande, Siver Private, Co. G 

Haislett, James E Private, Co. G 

Hall, Ehrman Private, Co. A 

Hall, John T Bugler, Co. G 

Hammond, Fred G Private, Co. B 

Hampton, Carl E Private, Co. A 

Hand, Elmer F Private, M. G. 

[165] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

364th Infantry 

Harden, Albert J Corporal, M. G. 

Harding, Charles A Corporal, Co. F 

Harrison, Joseph R Private, Co. L 

Hastings, Eddie Private, Co. I 

Haynes, Alfred L Private, Co. G 

Hays, Elijah B Private, Co. M 

Hawtrey, Frederick C Private, Co. B 

Hendrix, Clinton C Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Henegar, Hugh M Private, M. G. 

Hiestand, Carroll R Private, Co. L 

Hobuck, Earl Private, Co. K 

Holder, Doak Private, Co. E 

Hopper, Lewis W Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Hornbeck, Earl E Private, Co. B 

Hough, Walter C Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Howerton, Jesse C Private, Co. B 

Hoy, Carl Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Hyland, William H., Jr Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Ivers, Louis C Private, Co. G 

Jeffers, Amzi H Corporal, Co. G 

Jensen, Hilmer W Private 1st Class, Co. H 

Johnson, Henry E Private, Co. B 

Johnson, Henry E Private, Co. G 

Kauffman, Joseph L Sergeant, Co. C 

Keating, Frank N Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Keenan, Patrick J. Private, Co. H 

Keeley, Julius O Corporal, Co. K 

Kelly, Robert E Private 1st Class, Co. K 

King, Benjamin H Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Kirkpatrick, Roscoe C Sergeant, Co. C 

Kirsch, Basil A Private, Co. L 

Kruse, Claude J Private, Co. K 

Lambert, Frank Private, Co. C 

Lambert, Wesley Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Larson, Philmon E Private, Co. B 

Lefler, Harry S Private, M. G. 

Lemmer, Arthur H Private, Co. C 

Lewis, Everett D Private, Co. M 

Lewis, Harvey Private, Co. C 

[166] N 



ADDENDA 

364th Infantry 

Lindop, Ernest C Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Lloyd, William E Private, Co. H 

Lofthus, Nils Private, Co. B 

Loveland, Ernest E Private, Co. F 

Lunem, Dinnies J Private, Co. C 

Madden, John Corporal, Co. K 

Madsen, John Corporal, Co. L 

Malchow, Herman C Private, Co. E 

Martin, Voyle B Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Matson, Albert Private, Co. I 

Maxwell, Ernest G Private, Co. C 

McCoard, Arthur Private, Co. G 

McColley, Robert T Corporal, Co. C 

McDonald, Harold B Private, Co. G 

McHenry, John A Sergeant, Hdqrs. Co. 

McKinnon, Elwyn C Sergeant, Co. C 

Melby, George W Private, Co. B 

Mikula, Steve Private, Co. D 

Miller, Leo V Corporal, Co. L 

Miller, William V Corporal, Co. E 

Moore, John W Private, Co. C 

Moore, Ross Private, Co. E 

Monson, Walter A Private, Co. B 

Morris, Fred L Corporal, Co. B 

Morgan, Lewis E Corporal, Co. A 

Nabors, Wesley G Private, Co. M 

Nelson, Charles G Private, Co. G 

Nelson, Herbert ^ Private, Co. E 

Neyman, Guy E Corporal, Co. K 

Noghorn, Grover Private, Co. D 

Norling, Victor E. « Private, Co. L 

Noyer, John E Private, Co. G 

Oliver, Charles Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Olsen, Oscar Private, Co. F 

Ordaz, William Private, Co. G 

Palmerlee, Chester C Corporal, Co. C 

Patocka, Frank Private, Co. C 

Pearson, Anton Private, Co. F 

Peralta, Romaldo Private 1st Class, Co. K 

[167] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

364th Infantry 

Perkins, George O Corporal, Co. C 

Porter, Grover T Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Raisner, Charles C Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Readinger, Douglas H Supply Sergeant, Co. K 

Reed, Cyrus. M Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Reed, Gurney I Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Rios, Longine M Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Robins, George W Sergeant, Co. B 

Robinson, James L. . Corporal, Co. M 

Robinson, Leslie L Corporal, Co. L 

Robinson, William H Private, M. G. 

Rockafellow, Buford R Corporal, Co. F 

Roth, Ralph R Sergeant, Co. A 

Rubidoux, Mack J Corporal, Co. E 

Rutherford, Laurie G Private, M. G. 

Salley, Palmer L Private 1st Class, Co. G 

Sanders, Jacob E Private, Co. F 

Scarzello, Louis Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Schaeffer, John A Sergeant, Co. D 

Schinck, Charles W Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Schindler, Louis F Private, Co. D 

Schledewitz, David Private, Co. B 

Schoeffler, Frank Private, Co. D 

Schollaert, Edmond Private, Co. E 

Schultz, Anders C. Corporal, Co. B 

Shannon, Thomas E Private, Co. A 

Sheehy, Norman R Sergeant, Co. A 

Sherin, Steven S Private, Med. Dept. 

Shroyer, Robie A Private 1st Class, Co. K 

Sievers, Maxwell H Corporal, Co. F 

Sill, Samuel T Private, Co. M 

Silvestro, Joseph Private, Co. C 

Skewes, Ernest Private, Co. M 

Stacey, Ervin C Corporal, Hdqrs. Co. 

Steele, Henry A Corporal, Co. M 

Stephens, Joseph V Corporal, M. G. 

Stump, John S Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Sullivan, John Sergeant, Co. H 

Tambures, Anastasios Private, Co. C 

[168] 



ADDENDA 

364th Infantry 

Tarwater, Albert W Private, Co. G 

Thomas, Harry Private, Co. D 

Thompson, Cecil E Private, Co. K 

Thornton, Howard A Private, M. G. 

Tye, Elmer A Private 1st Class, Co. I 

Valenzuela, Marciano ...... Private, Co. D 

Vidaillet, Achille Private 1st Class, Co. F 

Walker, Charles A. Corporal, Co. L 

Walters, Joseph C Private, Co. D 

Washburne, Frank E Private, Co. A 

Waller, Howard E Private, Co. E 

Weidenbach, Roy Private, Co. E 

Wenks, Floyd T Corporal, Co. A 

West, Charles A Private, M. G. 

Wheeler, Logan Corporal, Co. D 

White, Albert P Private, Co. B 

Wiens, Cary Corporal, Co. D 

Wilkenson, Reuben N Private, Co. D 

Wilson, Claude O Private, Co. H 

Woodcock, Rudolph Private, Co. D 

Woodhouse, William B Private, Co. A 

Woodmansee, Frank F Private, Co. C 

Woolwine, George W Private, Co. D 

Young, Harold H Private, Co. A 

Zabriskie, Henry M Private, Co. D 

346th Machine Gun Battalion 

Jordan, William R Private, Co. A 

Smith, Everitt P Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Spickelmire, Frank F Private, Co. B 

Walkington, William H Private, Med. Dept. 

347th Machine Gun Battalion 

Anderson, Carl J Private, Co. B 

Arnold, William H Private, Co. A 

Baldwin, Lloyd M Private, Co. B 

Bates, Joshua H Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Beck, Otto Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Bogasian, Mike Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Bracken, Robert Private 1st Class, Co. A 

[169] 



THE 91ST DIVISION 
347th Machine Gun Battalion 

Brown, Wilburn A Corporal, Co. A 

Cantrill, Lloyd Private, Co. B 

Chevoya, Clarence Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Chiocchio, Crescenzo Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Clapp, Frank M Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Clayton, James G. , Private, Co. D 

Deutsch, Joseph L Private, Co. C 

Domes, Fred W Private, Co. C 

Donovan, Thomas T Sergeant, Co. B 

Eaton, William I Corporal, Co. 'C 

Foley, James P Private, Co. B 

Hunsucker, Alexander Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Kennedy, Richard Corporal, Co. A 

Kramer, Henry E Private, Co. D 

Labno, Stanislaw Private, Co. C 

Lawson, Arthur Private, Co. B 

Lentz, Porter Private, Co. C 

Lister, Edward L Sergeant, Co. B 

Long, Robert N Private, Co. B 

March, George S Private, Co. B 

Martin, George H Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Maskery, Lewis G Private, Co. B 

Mix, Arthur J Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Murphey, James H Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Patton, Darrell Private, Co. C 

Peirce, W. H Private, Co. C 

Ralph, Albert L Private, Co. A 

Randolph, Roy Corporal, Co. D 

Reese, Sam Saddler, Co. D 

Richardson, Charles T Sergeant, Co. C 

Roberts, Reuben Private, Co. C 

Rose, Freemen E Private, Co. A 

Schoenrock, William A Private, Co. B 

Segnitto, Frank A Private, Co. D 

Shelton, William R Private, Co. C 

Shell, James Corporal, Co. C 

Shumate, Lundy Private, Co. B 

Solberg, Oscar Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Sonville, Ernest A Private, Co. B 

[170] 



ADDENDA 
347th Machine Gun Battalion 

Spackman, Bert Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Stutznegger, Hyrum Sergeant, Co. B 

Sunde, Jacob Private, Co. B 

Swartello, Omer Private, Co. D 

Tenente, Antonio F Private, Co. D 

Thompson, George C Private, Co. B 

Travis, Frank A Private, Co. D 

Trombly, Charles H Corporal, Co. C 

Varlas, George Private, Co. B 

Vogel, Lewis Private, Co. B 

Weeks, Wesley H Private, Co. B 

Werry, Samuel T Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Youngberg, Darrel Private, Co. D 

Zimmerman, Garrett Sergeant, Co. B 

Zimmerman, Irvin W Private, Co. D 

348th Machine Gun Battalion 

Beebe, Arthur F Private, Co. D 

Briggs, Claude W . Wagoner, Hdqrs. Co. 

Brimer, Frank M 1st Sergeant, Co. B 

Brown, Harold J Private, Co. D 

Burlingame, Royden Private, Hdqrs. Co. 

Carr, Cornelius Private, Co. A 

Carson, Fred J Private, Co. C 

Dawson, Harry Corporal, Co. C 

Deming, Isaac L Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Edmonds, Kenneth E Private, Co. C 

Glaub, Frank J Private, Co. A 

Green, Oscar E Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Griffith, Richard A Private, Co. B 

Ingalls, Earl E Corporal, Co. B 

Israel, John D Private, Co. C 

Jans, Peter Private, Co. D 

Jensen, Leo M Private, Co. B 

Lende, Arne Private, Co. D 

Lunn, William, Jr Corporal, Co. A 

McCallum, James K. Private, Co. A 

McHugh, Percy L Private, Co. D 

Nilsen, Karl Private 1st Class, Co. C 

[1711 



THE 91st DIVISION 

348th Machine Gun Battalion 

Odell, Earl W. L Private, Co. D 

Oefinger, Arthur M Sergeant, Co. B 

Oien, Olaf Private, Co. D 

Oliva, Hugo C Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Perry, William J Private, Co. C 

Popson, John Corporal, Co. C 

Porter, G. R . Private, Co. C 

Pyers, Earl L Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Ries, Charles T Private, Co. D 

Roberts, Byron B Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Roth, Math Private, Co. D 

Sears, Arthur H Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Slusser, W. D Private, Co. C 

Vanderwaal, Albert Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Wallaker, Gilman Private, Co. D 

Wilgar, Mike Private, Co. C 

316th Engineers 

Benapfl, Roscoe G Sergeant, Co. A 

Briggs, Burdette A Sergeant, Co. A 

Bulsing, Henry J Private, Co. B 

Burt, Cleon L Sgt. 1st Class, Co. B 

Catron, Charles C Private, Co. E 

Combs, Emmet M Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Gatt, Walter J Sergeant, Co. E 

Heaton, Harry J Private, Co. B 

Johnson, John A Private, Co. A 

Jones, Hugo A Corporal, Co. E 

Jones, John M Private, Co. C 

Kelly, James P Corporal, Co. A 

Lake, Thomas Sergeant, Co. A 

Larson, Elmer G Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Luy, Richard Sergeant, Co. A 

Magnussen, Sijurbjarni Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Maxey, Clark N Private, Co. A 

McRae, Purley Private, Co. A 

Monette, Charles Private, Co. B 

Monson, Manuel Private, Co. B 

Oliver, William Private, Co. A 

[172] 



ADDENDA 

316th Engineers 

Pielop, Edwin P Cook, Co. B 

Pierce, William Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Port, Sam A Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Rasmussen, Christian A Private, Co. B 

Ross, Arthur S Mess Sergeant, Co. B 

Rumble, Ernest Private, Co. B 

Saylor, Herbert Private, Co. A 

Schmitt, Matthias P Corporal, Co. C 

Schneider, Harry N Corporal, Co. B 

Schwenk, Lester E Corporal, Co. B 

Stearns, Gustavis C Private, Med. Dept. 

Stein, Erwin E Private, Co. D 

Stover, Roy A Wagoner, Co. E 

Toland, James Private, Co. A 

316th Field Signal Battalion 

Totterdell, George A Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Winter, William J Private 1st Class, Co. A 

Division Headquarters Troop 
Dempsey, Harry Private, Hdqrs. Troop 

316th Train Headquarters and Military Police 
Crossland, Bert S Cook, Co. B, 316th M. P. 

316th Supply Train 
Oomen, Thomas Private, Co. B 

316th Sanitary Train 
Meacham, Rex A Private, 363rd Amb. Co. 



[173 



THE 91st DIVISION 

THOSE WHO DIED IN THE SERVICE OF THE 91ST 

DIVISION FROM OTHER CAUSES THAN 

THOSE RECEIVED IN ACTION 

316th Sanitary Trains 

Kuykendall, John E Major 

Headquarters 91st Division 

Lewis, Wilfred Captain 

316th Engineers 

Chimenti, Michele Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Heggie, Reginald Sergeant, Hdqrs. 

Pickering, Lester B First Lieutenant 

364th Infantry 

Ackerman, Charles G Private, Co. D 

Badasci, Soren Private 1st Class, Co. M 

Bailey, Walker E Corporal, Co. H 

Cole, Enis E Private, Co. B 

Dunn, Archie M Private, Co. B 

Higgins, Eloys J Private, Co. L 

Johnson, Edward Private, Co. E 

Johnston, Laurence S Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Rasmussen, Raymond O Private, Co. G 

Stevenson, John W Private, Co. D 

VanDenBerg, Edward R Private, Co. E 

Ward, Leslie L Cook, Co. L 

Watson, Arthur E Private, Co. I 

Twombley, Henry C Private, Co. D 

347th Machine Gun Battalion 

Austin, Samuel F Private 1st Class, Co. C 

Burtenshaw, Edward C Sergeant, Co. A 

Remani, Frederick W Private, Co. C 

Laws on, Arthur Private, Co. B 

348th Machine Gun Battalion 
Howard, Roy H Private 1st Class, Co. C 

362nd Infantry 

Barnick, George O Private, M. G. Co. 

Berry, Edward T Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

[174] 



ADDENDA 

362nd Infantry 

Biondi, Leopoldo Private, Co. K 

Buckley, James Private, Co. D 

Copeland, Clinton A Private, M. G. Co. 

Dalman, Edward Private, M. G. Co. 

Dean, George E Pvt. 1st Class, M. G. Co. 

Ehly, Victor P Private, Med. Dept. 

Eliason, John Private, M. G. Co. 

Felix, Albert J Private, M. G. Co. 

Fladness, Peter Private, Med. Dept. 

Fleming, Lawrence E Private, M. G. Co. 

Garrett, James L Pvt. 1st Class, Med. Det. 

Gifford, Charles Private, M. G. Co. 

Guldseth, Esten O Pvt. 1st Class, Med. Det. 

Hale, Robert B Private, M. G. Co. 

Hales, Howard J Corporal, M. G. Co. 

Haws, Leon Private, M. G. Co. 

Hoye, Simon Sergeant, Co. K 

Huckett, Edwin Pvt. 1st Class, Med. Det. 

Lane, Chester Cook, Hdqrs. Co. 

Lay ton, William C Pvt. 1st Class, M. G. Co. 

McCleod, John M Pvt. 1st Class, Med. Det. 

McConkie, Seth Private, M. G. Co. 

McGowen, Sorsty K Pvt. 1st Class, Med. Det. 

Marsh, Henry F Sergeant, M. G. Co. 

Parker, Lawrence E Mechanic, Co. D 

Rixe, Henry J Private, M. G. Co. 

Robinson, Elbert E Pvt. 1st Class, Med Det. 

Rumelhart, George W Wagoner, Supply Co. 

Sanderson, Nils A Private, M. G. Co. 

Schaeffer, Charles Pvt. 1st Class, M. G. Co. 

Schinzel, Leo A Private, Co. D 

Sigenlath, Robert Private, Med. Det. 

Slaake, Leonard J Private 1st Class, Co. L 

Southwell, James Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Smith, Walter J Private, Med. Det. 

Stone, Angus Private, M. G. Co. 

Taylor, Harrison Z Pvt. 1st Class, M. G. Co. 

Webster, James A Private, M. G. Co. 

Westcott, Wayne H Mechanic, M. G. Co. 

[175] 



THE 91st DIVISION 

Headquarters Troop, 91st Division 

Brandow, Henry J . Corporal, Hdqrs. Troop 

Fields, Patrick Corporal, Hdqrs. Troop 

361st Infantry 

Budd, George J Private, Co. B 

Feilzer, Fred Private, Co. K 

Gavis, Harry Corporal, Co. C 

Hagstrom, Ray A Private, Med. Det. 

Lezak, Samuel Sergeant, Co. F 

Lindeborg, Davis M Corporal, Co. C 

Marsh, James R Private, Co. B 

Mitchell, Frank Private, Co. G 

Pedersen, Pcder Corporal, Co. E 

Robertson, Vernon Private, Co. L 

Sullivan, Elmer M Private, Co. F 

Uddman, Erik A Private, Co. L 

Waul, Maurice L Private, Co. L 

Young, Martin A Private, Co. G 

363rd Infantry 

Comina, Albert Private, Co. D 

Condon, Edward J Private 1st Class, Hdqrs. 

Gabriel, Charles B Private 1st Class, Co. D 

Garman, Robert H Private, Co. L 

Happich, Peter L Private, Co. H 

Hyland, Joseph R Private, Co. D 

Lewis, Orphard J Cook, Co. D 

McCann, Charles F Corporal, Co. G 

316th Supply Train 

Cummings, Milton R Private 1st Class, Co. B 

Hanson, Frank R Private, Co. B 

Kremer, Henry J Private, Co. A 

316th Ammunition Train 

Cushing, Lemuel H Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Forsgron, Fauth L Wagoner, Co. G 

Iverson, Simon O Wagoner, Co. A 

Noe, Leo J Private, Co. C 

Rames, Matson O Private 1st Class, Co. E 

Slater, Roxey W. . . Sergeant, Co. F 

[176] 



ADDENDA 

363rd Ambulance Co. 
Kardes, Joseph A Sergeant 1st Class 

363rd Field Hospital Co. 
Neil, Turner Sergeant 

362nd Field Hospital Co. 
Neild, Earl J Private 

361st Field Hospital Co. 
Prenzlau, Gustav P Private 



[ 177 1 



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